20.500.12556/RUNG-3508-91fe1966-4019-9ebd-36fd-eea4dbfe957e
Okoljska ocena tveganja fungicida folpeta za talne ekosisteme
Environmental risk assessment of the fungicide folpet in terrestrial ecosystems
Folpet uvrščamo med najpogosteje uporabljene fungicide za preprečevanje in zdravljenje dveh vrst plesni vinske trte. Njegova uporaba je omejena na vinograde z izjemo enega pripravka, ki ga lahko uporabljamo tudi za zdravljenje zelenjave in oljk (MKGP, 2017). Pripravek, ki smo ga uporabili v magistrskem delu je Folpan 80 WDG, ki z raztapljanjem v vodi daje raztopino za škropljenje vinskih trt.
Folpet smo preučevali kot okoljski stresor za talne ekosisteme s poudarkom na njegovem vplivu na organizme. Prst smo vzorčili tri leta zapored v lokalnem vinogradu. S pomočjo obstoječe literature smo optimizirali metodo ekstrakcije folpeta iz naravne prsti z uporabo avtomatizirane visokotlačne tekočinske (PLE) ekstrakcije. Pokazali smo, da je folpet s pravilnim načinom vzorčenja, shranjevanja in ekstrahiranja mogoče izmeriti v naravnih vzorcih prsti. Najvišja izmerjena koncentracija je bila 3,76 mg/kg, povprečni razpolovni čas folpeta v prsti je bil 2,3 ± 1,4 dni.
Izmerjene koncentracije folpeta smo uporabili za izračun tveganja za talne organizme. Z uporabo ekotoksikoloških izogibnostnih testov na deževnikih in izopodih smo dobili koncentracijo brez vpliva na organizme (NOEC) 1,31 ± 0,01 mg/kg. Razmerje med okoljsko koncentracijo folpeta in koncentracijo, ki ne vpliva na talne organizme (PEC/PNEC) je bilo 28 v najslabšem primeru ob najvišji koncentraciji folpeta v tleh. Rezultat nakazuje na možen negativen vpliv folpeta na talno favno, vendar smo zaradi hitrega razpada folpeta v prsti tveganje za talne nevretenčarje ovrednotili kot zelo nizko in folpet priporočali za nadaljnjo rabo v vinogradništvu.
Folpet is one of the most commonly used fungicides for prevention and treatment of two types of vine mildew. Its use is limited to vineyards with the exception of one folpet preparation, which can also be used for the treatment of vegetables and olives (MKGP, 2017). In our research we used Folpan 80 WDG, which gives a solution for spraying when dissolved in water.
Folpet was studied as an environmental stressor for terrestrial ecosystems with an emphasis on its impacts on organisms. The soil was sampled for three consecutive years in a local vineyard. With the help of available literature, we optimized the extraction method of folpet from natural soil using an automated pressurised liquid (PLE) extraction technique. We were able to show that folpet can be measured in natural soil samples with correct sampling, storage and extraction method. The highest measured concentration was 3.76 mg/kg, while its average half-life in the soil was 2.3 ± 1.4 days.
Actual folpet concentrations in the environment were used to calculate the risk for terrestrial organisms. Using avoidance tests on earthworms and isopods, we obtained the no effect concentration (NOEC) of 1.31 ± 0.01 mg/kg. The ratio between the predicted environmental and no effect concentrations (PEC/PNEC) was 28 in the worst case scenario, which means at the highest concentration of folpet in the soil. This indicates that folpet could pose a risk to terrestrial fauna, but due to its rapid dissipation in soil, the risk for terrestrial invertebrates was evaluated as very low and we can recommend folpet for further use in viticulture.
folpet
okoljska ocena tveganja
talni ekosistemi
fungicid
prst
folpet
environmental risk assessment
terrestrial ecosystems
fungicide
soil
true
true
false
Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Magistrsko delo/naloga
2018-01-03 09:15:10
2018-02-16 11:37:56
2023-06-13 14:27:36
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2018
0
Nova Gorica
0
0000-00-00
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
NiDoloceno
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
5087483
URN:SI:UNG:REP:HQ6EUPIV
Ana_Karat.pdf
Ana_Karat.pdf
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https://repozitorij.ung.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=16013
Fakulteta za znanosti o okolju
0
0
0