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1.
Analysis of SiO2 and BaSO4 leachates from dental composites by thermal lens spectrometry
Dorota Korte, Vesna Jereb, Mladen Franko, 2022, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: dental composites, thermal lens spectrometry, SiO2 and BaSO4 leachates
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1180; Downloads: 0
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2.
Self-cleaning and photoactive TiO2 – ZrO2 – SiO2 films on thermosensitive and glass substrates
Nives Vodišek, Urška Lavrenčič Štangar, 2017, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: Nanosized TiO2 is well-known for its photocatalytic property. From the combination of photocatalysis and photoinduced hydrophilicity properties, thin films of this material have also anti-fogging, self-cleaning and antimicrobial properties. There are numerous deposition techniques e.g. spin-coating, dip-coating, spraying, the most suitable one is chosen based on substrate or solution characteristics. Thin films are often required to be transparent for visible light, especially if we use them on transparent substrates, or they should not affect the color of the substrate. Radicals that are produced during photosensitizing process are able to destroy structure of a substrate and substrate can lose mechanical stability [1,2]. Some studies show that adding a SiO2 protective layer can prevent the damage of the substrate [3–5]. Ti-Zr containing sols were prepared with sol-gel process, where titanium(IV) isopropoxide, zirconium(IV) butoxide and ethanol were hydrolyzed with aqueous solution of perchloric acid. Solution was then refluxed for 48 hours. During that time crystallization and deaggregation took place and that resulted in a stable final solution [6]. To prepare suitable solution for production of durable films silica binder was added. On glass and plastic substrates, thin films were deposited with the dip-coating method and dried with a heat-gun. Thin films were characterized by measurements of photocatalytic activity with terephthalic acid as model organic pollutant subjected to oxidation via fluorescent degradation product, photoinduced superhydrophilicity phenomena, UV-Vis and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, SEM images, as well as mechanical properties measurements. References [1] H. Schmidt, M. Naumann, T.S. Müller, M. Akarsu, Thin Solid Films (2006) 502, 132– 137. [2] W. A. Daoud, J.H. Xin, Y.H. Zhang, Surf. Sci. (2005) 599, 69–75. [3] Ž. Senić, S. Bauk, M. Vitorović-Todorović, N. Pajić, A. Samolov, D. Rajić, Sci. Tech. Rev. (2011) 61, 63–72. [4] T. Yuranova, R. Mosteo, J. Bandara, D. Laub, J. Kiwi, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. (2006) 244, 160–167. [5] T. Yuranova, D. Laub, J. Kiwi, Catal. Today (2007) 122, 109–117. [6] N. Vodišek, K. Ramanujachary, V. Brezová, U. Lavrenčič Štangar, Catal. Today (2017) 287, 142–147.
Keywords: Self-cleaning surface, photocatalysis, TiO2, ZrO2, SiO2, PVC, PMMA, thermosensitive substrates, glass
Published in RUNG: 05.03.2019; Views: 3592; Downloads: 0
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3.
Correlations between photocatalytic activity and chemical structure of Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 nanoparticle composites
T. Čižmar, doctoral dissertation

Abstract: The objective of this dissertation was to examine how copper modification can improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2-SiO2 and to explain the correlation between Cu concentration and chemical state of Cu cations in the TiO2-SiO2 matrix, as well as the photocatalytic activity under the UV/solar irradiation. The Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by a low temperature sol-gel method based on organic copper, silicon and titanium precursors with varied Cu concentrations (from 0.05 to 3 mol%). The sol-gels were dried at 150 °C to obtain the photocatalysts in the powder form. To test thermal stability, additional set of photocatalysts was obtained by calcinating dried samples in air at 500 °C for 1 h. The photocatalytic activity was determined by a fluorescence-based method of terephthalic acid decomposition. Up to three times increase in photocatalytic activity of air-dried samples is obtained when TiO2-SiO2 matrix is modified with Cu in a narrow concentration range from 0.05 to 0.1 mol%. At higher Cu loadings the photocatalytic activity of Cu-modified photocatalyst is smaller than in the unmodified reference TiO2-SiO2 photocatalyst. Calcined samples showed significantly reduced photocatalytic activity compared to air-dried samples. XRD analysis showed that all Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposites with different Cu concentrations have the same crystalline structure as unmodified TiO2-SiO2 nanocomposites (air-dried or calcined). The addition of Cu does not change the relative ratio between the anatase and brookite phase or unit cell parameters of the two TiO2 crystalline structures. TEM analysis showed that the addition of Cu does not change the morphology of TiO2-SiO2 catalyst dried at 150 °C. The Cu K-edge XANES and EXAFS analysis were used to determine valence state and local structure of Cu cations in Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalyst. The results elucidate the mechanism responsible for the improved or hindered photocatalytic activity. In the air-dried samples with low Cu content, which exhibit largest activity, Cu-O-Ti connections are formed, suggesting that the activity enhancement is due to Cu(II) cations attachment on the surface of the photocatalytically active TiO2 nanoparticles, so Cu(II) cations may act as free electron traps, reducing the intensity of recombination between electrons and holes at the TiO2 photocatalyst’s surface. At higher Cu loadings no additional Cu-O-Ti connections are formed, instead only Cu-O-Cu connections are established, indicating the formation of amorphous or nanocrystalline Cu(II) oxide, which hinders the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Calcination of Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts at 500 °C induces significant structural changes: Cu-O-Ti connections are lost, Cu partially incorporates into the SiO2 matrix and amorphous copper oxides, which again reduce the photocatalytic activity of the material, are formed.
Keywords: titanium dioxide, Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalyst, photocatalytic activity, Cu K-edge XANES, EXAFS.
Published in RUNG: 17.12.2018; Views: 4573; Downloads: 146
.pdf Full text (3,05 MB)

4.
Generalized stacking fault energy surfaces and dislocation properties of coesite
Luigi Giacomazzi, Sandro Scandolo, 2009, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: coesite, first-principles, dislocations, sio2
Published in RUNG: 02.11.2018; Views: 3113; Downloads: 0
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5.
6.
Vibrational spectra of vitreous SiO2 and vitreous GeO2 from first principles
Luigi Giacomazzi, Alfredo Pasquarello, 2007, original scientific article

Keywords: SiO2, GeO2, glasses, ab-initio, vibrational spectra, Raman
Published in RUNG: 16.10.2018; Views: 3395; Downloads: 0
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7.
Effects of Different Copper Loadings on the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2-SiO2 Prepared at a Low Temperature for the Oxidation of Organic Pollutants in Water
T. Čižmar, Iztok Arčon, Mattia Fanetti, Urška Lavrenčič Štangar, 2018, original scientific article

Abstract: The objective of this research is to examine how Cu modification can improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2-SiO2, to explainthe correlation between the Cu concentration and the chemical state of Cu cations in the TiO2-SiO2 matrix, and the photocatalytic activity under UV/solar irradiation. The Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by a low-temperature sol–gel method from organic Cu, Si and Ti precursors with various Cu concentrations (0.05–3 mol %). The sol–gels were dried at 150 8C to obtain the photocatalysts in a powder form. The photocatalytic activity was determined by using a fluorescence- based method of terephthalic acid decomposition. An up to three times increase in photocatalytic activity is obtained if the TiO2-SiO2 matrix is modified with Cu in a narrow concentration range from 0.05 to 0.1 mol%. At higher Cu loadings, the photocatalytic activity of the Cu-modified photocatalysts is lower than that of the un-modified reference TiO2-SiO2 photocatalyst. XRD was used to show that all Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 composites with different Cu concentrations have the same crystalline structure as un-modified TiO2-SiO2 composites. The addition of Cu does not change the relative ratio between the anatase and brookite phases or unit cell parameters of the two TiO2 crystalline structures. We used Cu K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses to determine the valence state and local structure of Cu cations in the Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalysts. The results elucidate the mechanism responsible for the improved photocatalytic activity. In samples with a low Cu content, which exhibit the highest activity, Cu@O@Ti connections are formed, which suggests that the activity enhancement is caused by the attachment of CuII cations on the surface of the photocatalytically active TiO2 nanoparticles, so CuII cations may act as free-electron traps, which reduce the intensity of recombination between electrons and holes at the TiO2 photocatalyst surface. At higher Cu loadings no additional Cu@O@Ti connections are formed, instead only Cu@O@Cu connections are established. This indicates the formation of amorphous or nanocrystalline copper oxide, which hinders the photocatalytic activity of TiO2.
Keywords: Cu modified TiO2-SiO2 photocatalyst Cu EXAFS, XANES, Organic pollutants
Published in RUNG: 30.08.2018; Views: 3484; Downloads: 0
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8.
9.
Correlations between photocatalytic activity and Cu structure in Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2
T. Čižmar, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: Titanium dioxide, Cu-modified, TiO2-SiO2, photocatalysts, photocatalytic activity, Cu K-edge XANES, EXAFS
Published in RUNG: 26.06.2017; Views: 4504; Downloads: 0
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10.
Correlations between photocatalytic activity and chemical structure of Cu-modified TiO [sub] 2-SiO [sub] 2 nanoparticle composites
T. Čižmar, Iztok Arčon, Urška Lavrenčič Štangar, 2016, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: Cu-modified TiO2-SiO2, sol-gel, XANES, EXAFS
Published in RUNG: 06.02.2017; Views: 4125; Downloads: 0
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