Repozitorij Univerze v Novi Gorici

Iskanje po repozitoriju
A+ | A- | Pomoč | SLO | ENG

Iskalni niz: išči po
išči po
išči po
išči po
* po starem in bolonjskem študiju

Opcije:
  Ponastavi


31 - 40 / 55
Na začetekNa prejšnjo stran123456Na naslednjo stranNa konec
31.
32.
Simple and fast HPLC-DAD method for determination of HCDC activity and formation of vinylphenol in Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeast
Jelena Topič, Lorena Butinar, Dorota Korte, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: Conventionally, alcoholic fermentation in the production of wine is performed by yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. There are numerous starters available, however due to the growing demand for wines with specific characteristics, other Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species are being investigated for potential use as starters. [1]. Yeast selection has involved the development of techniques for detecting strains that might improve wines in terms of aroma, structure, colour and other technological properties [2]. Colour of the wine can be affected as some metabolites produced by yeast during fermentation may react with grape anthocyanins to produce highly stable pyranoanthocyanins. For the facilitation of formation of vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins, yeast strains with high hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase activity are used (HCDC). The mechanism of reaction is decarboxylation of hydroxycinnamic acids and formation of vinylphenols that condense with grape anthocyanins and form stabile vinyphenolic pyranoanthocyanin adducts [3]. It has been demonstrated that some non-Saccharomyces strains (Pichia guillermondii, Schizosaccharomyces pombe) have positive HCDC activity and they can produce vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins in higher concentrations than S. cerevisiae. A simple way of determining whether the yeast strain has HCDC activity or not, is the use of fermentation media with the addition of hydroxycinnamic acids, such as p-coumaric acid. The degradation of p-coumaric acid and transformation into 4-vinylphenol (and possibly in 4-ethylphenol) can be checked by LC-DAD. Most of the published data has been done on smaller number of strains. The goal of our work was to develop simple method for the screening of Slovenian in-house yeast collection, comprising of native isolates that mostly originated from Vipava valley and Karst region, and therefore try to determine strains with high HCDC activity. These strains can be used for wine fermentations in order to produce more stable pyranoanthocyanins; which is especially important in wines that has less anthocyanin concentration already from the grape, such as Pinot Noir. 103 different yeast strains belonging to 28 species were selected for the assessment of HCDC activity. In some cases the difference in p-coumaric acid metabolism rate between two strains exceeded 90%. All tested S. paradoxus strains showed higher than 40% degradation rate of p-coumaric acid. HCDC activity of S. cerevisiae strains which is the species most commonly used in fermentation, varied between 5.1 and 66.1%. The commercial strains tested, FPC and EC118 showed 43.9 and 21.5% conversion rate, respectively. It was observed that some native strains had higher HCDC activity than commercial tested ones. Three strains produced vinylphenol in concentration higher than 50 ppm, two of them being P. guillermondii and another strain being S. paradoxus (Sut85). In general strain with high HCDC activity also produced high concentration of 4-vinylphenol. The results showed that HCDC activity is highly strain dependent, which correlates with the literature data available. The proposed method is very simple and does not require special sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis. Furthermore, the proposed fermentations in deep-well microtiter plates allow the screening of high number of strains. The method could be used for routine screening, to determine which strain has high HCDC activity and produces high concentration of vinylphenols and can therefore be used in future for determination of strains ability to synthesize vinylphenolic pyranoanthocyanins.
Ključne besede: yeast, hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase, 4-vinylphenol
Objavljeno v RUNG: 18.06.2018; Ogledov: 3982; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

33.
Vpliv različnih bentonitov na senzorične in kemijske lastnosti vina sorte 'Rebula' (Vitis vinifera L.)
Uroš Špacapan, 2018, diplomsko delo

Opis: Pomemben dejavnik pri kakovosti vina ter posledično tudi pri uspešni prodaji je stabilnost vina v steklenici, kajti v nasprotnem primeru pride do slabega ugleda vinarja in tudi zavračanja proizvoda na trgu. Beljakovinsko stabilnost vina lahko dosežemo na več načinov, ki pa so odvisni od same tehnologije in tudi trendov na vinskem trgu. V sklopu diplomske naloge smo preučevali vpliv uporabe štirih različnih bentonitov na kemijske in senzorične lastnosti vina sorte Rebula. Vino smo pred stekleničenjem tretirali z različnimi komercialno dostopnimi bentoniti in stekleničena vina kemijsko ter senzorično ovrednotili. Poleg določanja osnovnih kemijskih parametrov smo spektrofotometrično določili vsebnost skupnih fenolov in barve vina. S pomočjo encimskih kitov smo določili tudi vsebnost vinske, jabolčne in mlečne kisline v stekleničenih vinih. Rezultati našega poskusa kažejo, da je uporaba različnih bentonitov vplivala tako na kemijske kot tudi na senzorične lastnosti vina. V vinih tretiranih z bentonitom smo zaznali rahel trend nižjih vsebnosti alkohola ter skupnih titrabilnih in hlapnih kislin. Obenem pa smo zaznali tudi trende povečanja parametrov, kot je barva vina (absorbanca pri 420 nm) in vsebnosti skupnih fenolov primerjavi s kontrolnim – netretiranim vzorcem. Senzorična ocena tretiranih vin je nakazala trend siromašenja sadnih not pri vseh uporabljenih bentonitih, v določenih primerih pa, nasprotno, pozitivne vplive na zaznane cvetlične in rastlinske note. Rezultati so tako pokazali, da vrsta bentonita različno vpliva na senzorične lastnosti vina Rebula.
Ključne besede: vino Rebula, belo vino, bentonit, kemijski parametri vina, senzorične lastnosti vina
Objavljeno v RUNG: 13.02.2018; Ogledov: 6270; Prenosov: 265
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,62 MB)

34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
Biodiversitet i naturleg gjær i siderproduksjonen i Hardanger
Lorena Butinar, Eivind Vangdal, Melita Sternad Lemut, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, 2017, strokovni članek

Ključne besede: biodiverziteta, kvasovke, jabolčno vino, fermentacija
Objavljeno v RUNG: 01.02.2018; Ogledov: 4502; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

39.
BIOTSKA RAZNOVRSTNOST KVASOVK POVEZANIH S PROIZVODNJO JABOLČNEGA VINA
Eivind Vangdal, Melita Sternad Lemut, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Lorena Butinar, 2017, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: Na območju fjorda Hardanger, del zahodne Norveške, ima proizvodnja jabolčnega vina dolgo tradicijo in sicer sega v 12. stoletje, ko so menihi na tem območju začeli uvajati sadjarstvo. Danes je to glavno območje pridelovanja sadja na Norveškem. Kljub strogi regulativi proizvodnje alkoholnih pijač, pa se je na tem območju na nekaterih kmetijah ohranila tradicionalna proizvodnja jabolčnega vina. Namen naše študije je bil predvsem preučiti ekologijo in biotsko raznovrstnost kvasovk, ki so povezane s proizvodnjo tradicionalnega jabolčnega vina na območju Hardanger. Na tem območju smo tekom dveh zaporednih let vzorčili na 11-ih različnih lokacijah, kjer smo pri proizvajalcih vzorčili jabolčno vino, tla in različne dele jablan v sadovnjakih. Tako smo s pomočjo bogatitve v gojišču s povišanim sladkorjem in etanolom osamili približno 1300 izolatov kvasovk. Kvasovke smo s pomočjo multipleks PCR testa ločili na skupino kompleksa Saccharomyces sensu stricto in ne-Saccharomyces kvasovke. Nadalje smo izolate določili do nivoja vrste z izvedbo restrikcijske analize ITS PCR produktov, v nekaterih primerih smo za potrditev identifikacij opravili še določitev nukleotidnih zaporedij D1/D2 domene 26S rDNA. Kot pričakovano smo ugotovili, da sadovnjake naseljujejo predvsem ne-Saccharomyces kvasovke iz rodov Metschnikowia in Hanseniaspora, v tem okolju so bile Saccharomyces izolirane iz tal in jabolk. V jabolčnem vinu pa je bila pretežno izolirana vrsta S. uvarum, občasno pa tudi S. cerevisiae, Torulaspora delbrueckii in P. membranifacies.
Ključne besede: kvasovke, biotska raznovrstnost, jabolčno vino
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.11.2017; Ogledov: 5074; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

40.
Biodiversity of cider yeasts and their cider-making potential
Eivind Vangdal, Melita Sternad Lemut, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Lorena Butinar, 2017, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: In the area of Hardanger, a part of the fjord region in Western Norway, the production of apple wine (cider) has a long tradition that goes back to the 12th century, when monks introduced apple growing in this area. Nowadays, this is also the main area of fruit production in Norway. Despite the strict regulation of the alcoholic beverage production in Norway, traditional cider is still produced on some farms in this area. By tradition cider is produced by a spontaneous fermentation process of apple juice, performed by naturally occurring indigenous yeasts that originate from the fruit or the surfaces of the processing equipment. Therefore, our aim was primarily to study the ecology and biodiversity of the yeasts associated with the production of traditional cider in the Hardanger area. For two consecutive years, we sampled at 11 different locations in the observed region, where we collected cider samples and surface swabs of processing facilities from the cideries, and also soil and various parts of apple trees in orchards owned by the same producers. Thus, by enriching collected samples with the selective medium with high sugar and ethanol concentration, we managed to isolate about 1,300 yeasts. Based on the multiplex PCR results the yeasts were grouped into the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex and non-Saccharomyces yeasts. The isolates were determined to the species level by performing the restriction analysis of ITS PCR products, and in some cases identifications were confirmed by sequencing of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rDNA and/ or ITS region. As expected, non-Saccharomyces yeasts from the genus Metschnikowia and Hanseniaspora mainly populated the orchards, while the Saccharomyces yeasts were isolated in the orchards from the soil and fruits. In contrast, in ciders the species S. uvarum was predominantly found, occasionally also S. cerevisiae, Torulaspora delbrueckii and P. membranifacies. Indigenous cider yeasts were further on characterized in micro-plate format for the most important cider-making technological parameters (tolerance to ethanol, SO2, growth at low pH), for the presence of glucoside hydrolase activity, H2S production ability, and assimilation of malic acid. Based on this screenings the micro-scale fermentations of apple juice were performed with 13 different indigenous cider yeasts as monocultures. The most promising indigenous yeasts, T. delbrueckii and S. uvarum, were also tested as mixed cultures in sequential fermentations. Since the tested strain of T. delbrueckii as monoculture was not able to complete the alcoholic fermentation, better results were obtained in sequential fermentation with the mixed culture in combination with S. uvarum.
Ključne besede: indigenous yeasts, biodiversity, spontaneous fermentation, cider-making
Objavljeno v RUNG: 08.11.2017; Ogledov: 6009; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

Iskanje izvedeno v 0.06 sek.
Na vrh