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Neznanka, ki na odgovor še čaka
2021, intervju

Opis: Vprašanje, kako in kje nastajajo kozmični delci ekstremnih energij, je odprto že več kot petdeset let. Med najverjetnejšimi kraji njihovega nastanka sodijo aktivna galaktična jedra; to so središča galaksij, v katerih se skrivajo črne luknje, ki požirajo snov iz okolice. V raziskavah mednarodne kolaboracije Pierre Auger sodelujejo tudi slovenski raziskovalci z Univerze v Novi Gorici in Instituta Jožef Stefan.
Ključne besede: kozmični delci ekstremnih energij, aktivna galaktična jedra, observatorij Pierre Auger, observatorij Cherenkov Telescope Array, CTA
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.06.2021; Ogledov: 2413; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več...

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Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
A. Aab, Andrej Filipčič, Jon Paul Lundquist, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above 10[sup]16.5 eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 m[sup]2-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m[sup]2 close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m[sup]2 when far away, the necessary broad dynamic range is achieved by the simultaneous implementation of two acquisition modes in the read-out electronics: the binary mode, tuned to count single muons, and the ADC mode, suited to measure a high number of them. In this work, we present the end-to-end calibration of the muon detector modules: first, the SiPMs are calibrated by means of the binary channel, and then, the ADC channel is calibrated using atmospheric muons, detected in parallel to the shower data acquisition. The laboratory and field measurements performed to develop the implementation of the full calibration chain of both binary and ADC channels are presented and discussed. The calibration procedure is reliable to work with the high amount of channels in the UMD, which will be operated continuously, in changing environmental conditions, for several years.
Ključne besede: ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers (EAS), EAS muonic component, Pierre Auger Observatory, underground muon detector, detector calibration
Objavljeno v RUNG: 14.04.2021; Ogledov: 2734; Prenosov: 139
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo
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157.
Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array for probing cosmology and fundamental physics with gamma-ray propagation
H. Abdalla, H. Abe, Fabio Acero, A. Acharyya, R. Adam, Christopher Eckner, Samo Stanič, Serguei Vorobiov, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Marko Zavrtanik, Danilo Zavrtanik, Miha Živec, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the new-generation ground-based observatory for γ astronomy, provides unique capabilities to address significant open questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. We study some of the salient areas of γ cosmology that can be explored as part of the Key Science Projects of CTA, through simulated observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and of their relativistic jets. Observations of AGN with CTA will enable a measurement of γ absorption on the extragalactic background light with a statistical uncertainty below 15% up to a redshift z=2 and to constrain or detect γ halos up to intergalactic-magnetic-field strengths of at least 0.3 pG . Extragalactic observations with CTA also show promising potential to probe physics beyond the Standard Model. The best limits on Lorentz invariance violation from γ astronomy will be improved by a factor of at least two to three. CTA will also probe the parameter space in which axion-like particles could constitute a significant fraction, if not all, of dark matter. We conclude on the synergies between CTA and other upcoming facilities that will foster the growth of γ cosmology.
Ključne besede: Cherenkov Telescope Array, active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray experiments, axions, extragalactic magnetic fields
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.03.2021; Ogledov: 2328; Prenosov: 71
URL Povezava na celotno besedilo
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KO NAM UGANKE VESOLJA POMAGAJO SPOZNAVATI NAŠO ATMOSFERO
2020, radijska ali televizijska oddaja, podkast, intervju, novinarska konferenca

Opis: Razumevanje najbolj oddaljenih in nenavadnih pojavov v vesolju je lahko tesno povezano z razumevanjem pojavov tu na Zemlji. Iskanje odgovorov na vprašanja, ki jih znanosti denimo zastavljajo eksotični kozmični žarki visokih energij, je povezano s podrobnim razumevanjem Zemljine atmosfere, saj ima atmosfera vlogo ogromnega detektorja. Nova spoznanja ne odpirajo zgolj novih poglavij v našem razumevanju vesolja, ampak tudi vrsto novih možnosti pri razumevanju dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na naše vreme in podnebje. Tem vidikom se bomo posvetili v današnjih Podobah znanja. Naš gost je prof. dr. Samo Stanič, vodja Centra za astrofiziko in kozmologijo Univerze v Novi Gorici. Za vrhunske dosežke pri raziskavah kozmičnih delcev ekstremnih energij je skupaj s kolegoma Andrejem Filipčičem in Markom Zavrtanikom prejel Zoisovo nagrado.
Ključne besede: intervju, Zoisova nagrada, observatorij Pierre Auger, kozmični delci ekstremnih energij, atmosfera, lidar
Objavljeno v RUNG: 12.02.2021; Ogledov: 2364; Prenosov: 93
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