1. Diversity of bacteria and bacterial products as antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing drugs against pathogenic bacteriaFazlurrahman Khan, Sandra Oloketuyi, Young-Mog Kim, 2019, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: The increase in antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria has led to the development of new therapeutic approaches to inhibit biofilm formation as well as interfere quorum sensing (QS) signaling systems. The QS system is a phenomenon in which pathogenic bacteria produce signaling molecules that are involved in cell to cell communication, production of virulence factors, biofilm maturation, and several other functions. In the natural environment, several non-pathogenic bacteria are present as mixed population along with pathogenic bacteria and they control the behavior of microbial community by producing secondary metabolites. Similarly, non-pathogenic bacteria also take advantages of the QS signaling molecule as a sole carbon source for their growth through catabolism with enzymes. Several enzymes are produced by bacteria which disrupt the biofilm architecture by degrading the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as exopolysaccharide, extracellular- DNA and protein. Thus, the interference of QS system by bacterial metabolic products and enzymatic catalysis, modification of the QS signaling molecules as well as enzymatic disruption of biofilm architecture have been considered as the alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article elaborates on the diversity of different bacterial species with respect to their metabolic products as well as enzymes and their molecular modes of action. The bacterial enzymes and metabolic products will open new and promising perspectives for the development of strategies against the pathogenic bacterial infections.
Ključne besede: Bacteria, biofilm, quorum sensing, inhibition, metabolites, pathogen, virulence.
Objavljeno v RUNG: 18.01.2021; Ogledov: 2401; Prenosov: 0
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2. Antibiotics and their different application strategies in controlling the biofilm forming pathogenic bacteriaFazlurrahman Khan, Dung T N Pham, Sandra Oloketuyi, Young-Mog Kim, 2020, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Background: The establishment of a biofilm by most pathogenic bacteria has been known as one of the resistance mechanisms against antibiotics. A biofilm is a structural component where the bacterial community adheres to the biotic or abiotic surfaces by the help of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) produced by bacterial cells. The biofilm matrix possesses the ability to resist several adverse environmental factors, including the effect of antibiotics. Therefore, the resistance of bacterial biofilm-forming cells could be increased up to 1000 times than the planktonic cells, hence requiring a significantly high concentration of antibiotics for treatment.
Methods: Up to the present, several methodologies employing antibiotics as an anti-biofilm, antivirulence or quorum quenching agent have been developed for biofilm inhibition and eradication of a pre-formed mature biofilm.
Results: Among the anti-biofilm strategies being tested, the sub-minimal inhibitory concentration of several antibiotics either alone or in combination has been shown to inhibit biofilm formation and down-regulate the production of virulence factors. The combinatorial strategies include (1) combination of multiple antibiotics, (2) combination of antibiotics with non-antibiotic agents and (3) loading of antibiotics onto a carrier.
Conclusion: The present review paper describes the role of several antibiotics as biofilm inhibitors and also the alternative strategies adopted for applications in eradicating and inhibiting the formation of biofilm by pathogenic bacteria.
Ključne besede: Antibiotics, biofilm inhibition, multiple antibiotics, pathogenic bacteria, resistance mechanism, virulence factors
Objavljeno v RUNG: 14.01.2021; Ogledov: 2555; Prenosov: 0
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3. Strategies of biofilm inhibition and virulence attenuation of food borne pathogen-Escherichia coli O157:H7Sandra Oloketuyi, Fazlurrahman Khan, 2017, pregledni znanstveni članek Opis: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, a gram-negative bacteria identified as a foodborne pathogen causing severe disease is of great concern worldwide. The pathogenicity of E. coli O157:H7 is due to the presence of some virulence factors and its ability to form biofilm which resist antimicrobial compounds, withstand harsh environmental condition and protects from the host immune responses. Formation of biofilm is a multistep process such as adhesion, cellular aggregation and productions of extracellular matrix in which colonies are embedded. There are high numbers of research in the discovery of natural and synthetic compounds which can attenuate the E. coli O157:H7 biofilm formation as well as suppress virulence-related genes. The present review article focuses on the steps involved in E. coli O157:H7 biofilm formation, factors associated with virulence and attenuation.
Ključne besede: Escherichia coli, pathogen, virulence
Objavljeno v RUNG: 14.01.2021; Ogledov: 2256; Prenosov: 0
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