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Chemical composition of apple cider : a comparative study of Norwegian and French ciders
Ingunn Ovsthus, Mitja Martelanc, Tatjana Radovanović, Marko Lesica, Lorena Butinar, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Guillaume Antalick, 2023, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Norwegian apple ciders have recently gained attention at the levels of international competitiveness. Accordingly, a comparative study on the chemical composition of selected Norwegian and French apple ciders was conducted to gain knowledge on what ubiquitous chemical parameters make the Norwegian ciders different from ciders from well-established producing regions. A total of 43 ciders, 24 Norwegian and 19 French, in the category of acidic dominant ciders, were included in the study. Ethanol, individual sugars and organic acids, pH, total phenols, aroma compounds including esters, C6-alcohols, volatile phenols and terpenoids, were analysed. Norwegian ciders showed higher contents in ethanol, malic and citric acids, whereas total phenols, pH, glucose, and fructose were higher in French counterparts. Regarding the aromatic profile, no significant differences were observed for C6-alcohols. In contrast, differences were more expressed in the case of esters and volatile phenols. Norwegian ciders were characterised by higher average concentration for all the groups of esters, with the most important differences measured for higher alcohol acetates. Norwegian ciders also displayed higher contents of 4-vinylphenol and 4-vinylguaiacol while French ciders contained substantially higher levels of 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol. These results are in mutual correlation with the empirical observation reporting Norwegian apple ciders as more acidic, alcoholic and with lighter body but fruitier profile. Whereas French ciders are often perceived with more structure and animalistic profile.
Keywords: alcohol, acidity, total phenols, aroma-compounds, apple cider
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 91; Downloads: 1
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3.
High charge carrier mobility in thin films of quasi-two-dimensional polyacetylenes with sulphuric inter-chain linkers
Nadiia Pastukhova, Gvido Bratina, Egon Pavlica, 2023, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: Quasi-two-dimensional conjugated polymers (q2DCP) have been described and recognised as crystalline, one- or two-layer polymer nanosheets prepared by arranging linear conjugated polymer chains in a 2D plane via non-covalent interchain interactions.[1,2] The extension of polymer dimensionality to two dimensions improves the alignment of individual polymer layers and overcomes the limitations associated with charge carrier hopping between polymer chains in one-dimensional and crosslinked polymers [3] Compared to other two-dimensional materials such as graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides, q2DCPs offer a high degree of flexibility in chemical design and are compatible with liquid-based processing methods. Various q2DCPs have been synthesized by surface active monolayer-assisted interfacial synthesis (SMAIS) [5] The photoreaction of these materials is of particular interest due to their tunable properties such as band gap and associated wavelength-dependent photoexcitation, which enables a wide range of applications in optoelectronic devices. Using time-of-flight photoconductivity measurements (TOF-PC) [4], we investigate the charge transport properties of 2D polyacetylene prepared by the SMAIS method. A typical TOFP measurement of q2D polyacetylene is shown in Figure 1, using a focused nanosecond pulse laser at 325 nm and an electrode spacing of 250 µm. From the polarity of the bias voltage and the duration of the photocurrent, we can determine the polarity, velocity, and mobility of the photo-excited carriers as a function of the applied bias voltage and excitation wavelength. and observed electron mobility of 250 cm2/Vs, which is in the range of the most advanced organic single-crystal small-molecule semiconductors and almost an order of magnitude higher than linear polymeric semiconductors. We investigated the optical absorption and transmission on a lateral scale using scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM).
Keywords: 2D polymers, organic semiconductors, q2DPA, SNOM, time-of-flight photoconductivity
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 76; Downloads: 1
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4.
Imagination is the limit for nanobody applications : lecture at the Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Zhejiang, March 21st 2024
Ario De Marco, 2024, invited lecture at foreign university

Keywords: nanobodies
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 86; Downloads: 0
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5.
Implications of nanobody library design : lecture at the Zhejiang University, March 22nd 2024
Ario De Marco, 2024, invited lecture at foreign university

Keywords: nanobodies
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 83; Downloads: 0
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6.
The long march of nanobodies : from freak elements to biotechnology stars
Ario De Marco, 2024, unpublished conference contribution

Keywords: nanobodies
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 83; Downloads: 0
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7.
Začetne faze rasti organskih polprevodnikov na bazi tiofena na kvazi-dvodimenzionalnij polimerih poliacetilena
Volodymyr Rodin, 2023, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: organski polprevodniki, kvazi-dvodimenzionalni polimeri, poliacetilen
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 87; Downloads: 2
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8.
Polygroup objects in regular categories
Alessandro Linzi, 2024, original scientific article

Abstract:

We express the fundamental properties of commutative polygroups (also known as canonical hypergroups) in category-theoretic terms, over the category $ \mathbf{Set} $ formed by sets and functions. For this, we employ regularity as well as the monoidal structure induced on the category $ {\mathbf{Rel}} $ of sets and relations by cartesian products. We highlight how our approach can be generalised to any regular category. In addition, we consider the theory of partial multirings and find fully faithful functors between certain slice or coslice categories of the category of partial multirings and other categories formed by well-known mathematical structures and their morphisms.


Keywords: polygroup, canonical hypergroup, multiring, Krasner hyperring, regular category, relation
Published in RUNG: 25.03.2024; Views: 78; Downloads: 2
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Organic and flexible : lecture at Ženske v znanosti in za znanost, Ljubljana, 12. 2. 2024
Nadiia Pastukhova, 2024, unpublished conference contribution

Abstract: The development of organic semiconductors (OS) opens a new perspective and possibilities for novel device architectures including flexible and wearable electronics. One of the key parameters is the charge carriers' mobility. In OSs, it is affected by many factors, including molecular stacking, chemical impurities, temperature, pressure, electric field, and charge carrier density. These factors can affect the structural or energetic disorder. To overcome limitations, new polymers that extend the π-conjugation to two dimensions were developed. The two-dimensional network structure provides a high degree of structural stability and tunability of properties, while the organic molecules can be engineered to exhibit specific chemical and physical properties such as large surface area, pore size, and electronic properties. I will present our recent research, where quasi-2D polyacetylene (q2DPA) demonstrates high electron mobility along the direction of the layer, measured by the lateral time-of-flight photoconductivity (TOF) method.
Keywords: 2D polymers, time-of-flight photoconductivity, TOF, organic semiconductors
Published in RUNG: 22.03.2024; Views: 136; Downloads: 2
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