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15. VPLIV SONČNEGA OŽIGA IN DEHIDRACIJE GROZDJA V POZNEM DOZOREVANJU NA KAKOVOST GROZDJA (Vitis vinifera L.) IN VINA SORTE 'BARBERA'Kristina Cotič, 2019, diplomsko delo Opis: Venenje ali dehidracija grozdja opisuje nepovratno in progresivno izgubo vode v grozdni jagodi, opisuje izgubo vode iz parenhimskih celic v mesu jagode. Spremembe zaradi dehidracije so opazne v velikosti, masi ter zunanjemu izgledu jagode. V diplomskem delu smo želeli preučiti vpliv dehidracije in sončnih ožigov v poznem dozorevanju na nekatere količinske in kakovostne parametre grozdja in vina sorte 'Barbera' (Vitis vinifera L.). Grozdne jagode smo ustrezno razdelili na dve skupini, na dehidrirane in nedehidrirane. Vpliv dehidracije grozdnih jagod na kemične in senzorične parametre smo preučevali z mikro-vinifikacijo v treh ponovitvah.
Rezultati našega poskusa kažejo, da dehidracija v poznem dozorevanju vpliva na količino in kakovost grozdja in vina sorte 'Barbera' (Vitis vinifera L.). Ugotovili smo, da je bil primaren vzrok izgube mase jagod dehidracija grozdnih jagod v poznem dozorevanju in ne sončni ožig. Dehidracija jagod je značilno zmanjšala maso svežih jagod, kar je posledično vplivalo na manjši pridelek. Večjo vsebnost topne suhe snovi smo določili v grozdnem soku iz dehidriranih jagod. Prav tako smo v grozdnem soku iz dehidriranih jagod izmerili višje titrabilne kisline. Stopnja alkohola je bila višja v vinih, pridelanih iz dehidriranih jagod. Vina so se razlikovala tudi po vsebnosti skupnih antocianov, ti so bili višji v vinih iz dehidriranih jagod kar sovpada z izmerjenimi podatki o višji vsebnosti skupnih polifenolov v vinu iz dehidriranih jagod. Razlike smo opazili tudi v intenziteti barve vina, katera je bila višja v vinih iz dehidriranih jagod, medtem ko je bil odtenek barve višji v vinih iz nedehidriranih jagod. Senzorična analiza pridelanih vin je pokazala, da so bila vina, pridelana iz dehidriranih jagod, ocenjena kot bolj sadna (rdeče in temno sadje) in manj zelena, čeprav razlike niso bile statistično značilne.
Dehidracija grozdnih jagod v poznem dozorevanju je vplivala na pridelek, vsebnost topne suhe snovi in skupnih kislin v grozdju ter značilno vplivala na alkohol in barvne parametre vina. Razlike v senzorični zaznavi so bile manj izrazite.
Ključne besede: dehidracija jagod, sončni ožig, Vitis vinifera L. 'Barbera', indeks dehidracije, mikro-vinifikacija, kemijski parametri vina, antociani, senzorika vina
Objavljeno: 14.10.2019; Ogledov: 97; Prenosov: 7
 Polno besedilo (2,29 MB) |
16. Odvisnost koncentracije nanodelcev v zunanjem zraku od stabilnosti atmosfereAnja Petra Bencek, 2019, magistrsko delo Opis: Nanodelci v zraku škodljivo vplivajo na okolje in na človeka. Še posebej smo jim izpostavljeni v večjih mestih, kjer je njihov glavni izvor promet. Zato smo v zunanjem zraku v Ljubljani merili številčne koncentracije delcev (CN) velikosti 10 – 1083 nm z merilnikom 'Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer' proizvajalca Grimm Aerosol Technik, Nemčija, v vseh letnih časih v letu 2018. Delce smo razvrstili v dve skupini, PM0,1 in PM1,1, in spremljali njihovo odvisnost od stabilnosti atmosfere, ki smo jo določili na osnovi koncentracije radona (222Rn) v zraku. Pozimi in jeseni smo določili šest razredov stabilnosti (R1 – R6), spomladi in poleti pa pet (R1 – R5). Koncentracije delcev smo merili na Institutu "Jožef Stefan", podatke o gostoti prometa pa smo pridobili za Tržaško cesto, ki je oddaljena približno 200 m. Obdobja meritev so bila: (i) 30.12.2017 – 2.1.2018; 20. – 26.1.2018 pozimi, (ii) 12. – 18.4.2018 spomladi, (iii) 9. – 27.7.2018 poleti, in (iv) 5.9. – 6.11.2018 jeseni. Številčne koncentracije delcev so se običajno gibale v naslednjih območjih (v cm–3): (i) 2000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 5000 PM1,1 pozimi, (ii) 5000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 4000 PM1,1 spomladi, (iii) 1500 – 15000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 3000 PM1,1 poleti, in (iv) 5000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 3000 – 8000 PM1,1 jeseni. V splošnem je koncentracija PM0,1 višja za faktor 2 – 3 od koncentracije delcev PM1,1. Koncentracije delcev PM0,1 so odvisne predvsem od gostote prometa, med delovniki imamo dve izraziti konici, vezani na začetek in zaključek službe, med vikendi so koncentracije približno za polovico nižje. Skozi vse leto so njihove koncentracije v zunanjem zraku podobne, ker pa imajo krajši čas zadrževanja v ozračju, čez dan veliko bolj nihajo kot koncentracije PM1,1. Na koncentracije delcev PM1,1 vpliva promet v manjši meri, nekoliko višje koncentracije so pozimi, spomladi in jeseni, verjetno odraz kurilne sezone. Koncentracije delcev sledijo spremembam v stabilnosti atmosfere, praviloma se višajo z večanjem razreda stabilnosti. Najvišje koncentracije delcev PM1,1 so v razredu R6, to je v času dolgotrajne temperaturne inverzije. Koncentracije delcev PM0,1 se manj ujemajo z razredi stabilnosti.
Ključne besede: Nanodelec, PM1, 1 in PM0, 1, radon, stabilnost atmosfere, kontinuirna meritev, letni čas, Ljubljana
Objavljeno: 14.10.2019; Ogledov: 47; Prenosov: 2
Polno besedilo (4,92 MB) |
17. Photoactive nanocomposite thin films on glass and thermosensitive substratesNives Vodišek, 2019, doktorska disertacija Opis: Photocatalysis is a well-known process for the last few decades; it is predominantly used for water and air purification, but also for self-cleaning and antibacterial surfaces. The photocatalytic process is one of the advanced oxidation processes, where semiconductors are mainly used as photocatalysts. The most known and used semiconductor is nanosized titania, which can non-selectively decompose organic matters. One of the side effects of nano TiO2 under UV irradiation is photoinduced hydrophilicity, which furthermore improves the self-cleaning effect. The main drawback of TiO2 is that for its activation UV light is needed, which represents only 5 percent of the solar spectrum. Consequently, actinic irradiance power is low and the response of photocatalyst is limited. Novel approaches are being introduced to improve TiO2 response to visible light such as doping, coupling, modification of surface morphology and others.
The thesis consists of five principal chapters. The first chapter is focused on a short literature review and explanation of some basic terms and principles that are related to this thesis.
The aim of the research was to prepare transparent photocatalytically active thin films on glass and thermosensitive substrates. Four thermosensitive substrates were used: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foil, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sheet and polyester (PES) fabric coated with a polyvinyl and acrylic coating, with (D1) or without (D2) an additional polyvinylidene fluoride topcoat. The synthesis of films was modified with the introduction of zirconium aiming at improving the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 films, and the final films had a SiO2 phase present for increased mechanical robustness.
The third chapter is dedicated to the experimental part of the thesis. The detailed process of synthesis is described. The sol-gel process was used to prepare initial Ti-Zr sols, colloidal aqueous solutions with TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles derived from titanium and zirconium alkoxides. The four different Ti-Zr sols were prepared with 0, 5, 10 and 20 molar % of Zr according to Ti. The depositing solution was prepared by mixing Ti-Zr sol, SiO2 sol binder, 1-propanol and 2-propoxyethanol, and then thin films were deposited by dip-coating technique. After the deposition, samples did not require high-temperature calcination since the photocatalytic anatase phase was present already after drying the deposited layers. Coated glass slides were put into a furnace at 150 °C, while samples on thermosensitive substrates were just treated by a heat gun. Samples in powder and thin film form were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR-ATR and laser beam deflection spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis. One of the main aspects of the photocatalyst is its activity. Photocatalytic activity of the thin films was determined, either quantitatively by the formation of fluorescent hydroxyterephthalic acid, one of the first degradation products of terephthalic acid deposit, or qualitatively by a visual-based method where degradation of resazurin ink was observed. Two additional methods were used on glass samples, electron paramagnetic resonance, and degradation of methyl stearate by observing the change in water contact angle under UVA irradiation. Mechanical stability of films on various substrates is an essential factor, describing how successful was immobilization of the photocatalytic materials on the substrate. It was determined by the pencil hardness test, i.e., Wolff-Wilborn method.
In the fourth chapter, titled “Results and Discussion,” the most important part of the thesis is placed. Materials characterization and associated discussion of the results are divided into three major parts: i) powder samples characterization; ii) characterization of thin films on a glass substrate, and iii) characterization of films on thermosensitive substrates.
In the conclusions, the main findings of the Ph.D. research work are summarized. One of our initial hypotheses was disapproved, thin films were not more active with a higher content of zirconium. However, they were more durable. All the obtained films were transparent and photoactive, despite the low-temperature synthesis procedure. Besides commonly used glass substrate, immobilization on thermosensitive substrates was also successful.
Ključne besede: glass substrate, immobilization, nanocomposite, nanomaterials, PES, photocatalysis, PMMA, PVC, self-cleaning surfaces, silica, plastic substrates, thin films, titania, zirconia
Objavljeno: 14.10.2019; Ogledov: 16; Prenosov: 1
Polno besedilo (6,23 MB) |
18. BIBLIOGRAFIJA, RAZVRSTITEV IN OVREDNOTENJE PODLISTKOV V ČASOPISU GORICA (1899–1914)Anej Žagar, 2019, magistrsko delo Opis: Magistrska naloga obravnava rubriko podlistek v goriškem časopisu Gorica, ki izhajal
med letoma 1899 in 1914. Časopis je pripadal katoliškemu taboru. Glavni namen
magistrskega dela je bil pregledati vse časopisne izvode omenjenega časopisa in iz tega
narediti kronološki bibliografski zapis vseh podlistkov časopisa Gorica. Pri tem se je
poskušalo ugotoviti in razbrati, kdo so avtorji del v podlistku (pri prevedenih delih pa
tudi prevajalca), ki je po navadi podpisan s psevdonimom, kraticami oziroma kako
drugače, in nato ovrednotiti rezultate. Vseh številk časopisa Gorica je 1501, 1183
številk jih podlistek vsebuje, 318 številk pa je brez podlistka. Podlistki se delijo na
leposlovne podlistke in na polliterarne podlistke. V leposlovnih podlistkih se pojavljajo
vse tri literarne zvrsti. V polliterarnih podlistkih prevladujejo književne kritike in kritike
gledaliških predstav. Obravnava podlistkov časopisa Gorica v magistrskem delu prinaša
nove ugotovitve, saj se pred tem še nobeden raziskovalec ni natančneje ukvarjal s
časopisom Gorica in z omenjeno rubriko, prav tako o časopisu ni veliko napisanega v
drugih virih.
Ključne besede: časopis, Gorica, podlistek, bibliografija, leposlovje, prevodi, polliterarne objave, avtorstvo, poezija, proza, dramatika.
Objavljeno: 14.10.2019; Ogledov: 20; Prenosov: 5
Polno besedilo (285,27 KB) |
19. Vplivi transcendentalizma in filozofije Ralpha Walda Emersona v poeziji Miriam Drevmateja belina, 2019, magistrsko delo Opis: V slovensko poezijo je Emersonove ideje o iskanju človekovega mesta v svetu prenesla pesnica in pisateljica Miriam Drev. Njen pesniški subjekt ljubi premike in postanke v življenju, zaznava in izkuša realno, neolepšano podobo življenja in opaža, da je narava tista, ki deluje očiščevalno in posamezniku omogoča, da se vedno znova vrača k svoji zavesti. Drev v pesmih skozi podobe sanj in realnosti izrisuje večplastno sliko življenja, ki ga je, pravi, kljub bolečinam, vredno živeti.
Ključne besede: Emerson, narava, transcendentalizem, slovenska poezija, Miriam Drev
Objavljeno: 14.10.2019; Ogledov: 9; Prenosov: 3
Polno besedilo (1,16 MB) |
20. Variations in U concentrations and isotope signatures in two Canadian lakes impacted by U mining: A combination of anthropogenic and biogeochemical processesWei Wang, Duc Huy Dang, Breda Novotnik, R. Douglas Evans, Thai T. Phan, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Temporal and vertical variations in uranium (U) concentrations and U isotope (δ238U, ‰) signatures were
examined in sediment cores collected seven times over a one year period, from two lakes in Ontario, Canada,
which are contaminated with U by historical mining activities. Bow Lake is holomictic, experiencing seasonal
anoxia, while the sediments of meromictic Bentley Lake are permanently anoxic. Average annual peak concentrations
of U in Bow Lake subsurface sediments were approximately 300 μg L−1 and 600 μg g−1 in porewater
and bulk sediments, respectively. Similar ranges of concentrations (900 μg L−1 and 600 μg g−1, respectively)
were observed in Bentley Lake sediments. The exceedingly high levels of U observed in the porewaters of both
lakes, as well as the seasonal variability in U levels, challenge the traditional paradigm regarding U chemistry,
i.e., that reduced U(IV) should be insoluble under anoxic conditions.
The average annual δ238U ‰ values at the sediment-water interface of both lakes were similar (i.e.,
0.47 ± 0.09‰ and 0.50 ± 0.16‰, relative to IRMM-184). The deep sediments in both Bentley Lake and Bow
Lake record U isotope composition with a typical fractionation of 0.6‰ relative to the surface water, confirming
authigenic U accumulation, i.e., negligible contribution of particulate material from the tailings. Also, the δ238U
values in porewater have an average offset of ca. −0.1‰ relative to bulk sediments in anoxic zones and are
reversed in the oxic sediment layer.
Ključne besede: Uranium
Isotope composition
Uranium tailings
Biogeochemical cycling
Redox chemistry
Objavljeno: 09.10.2019; Ogledov: 121; Prenosov: 0
Polno besedilo (3,89 MB) |
