Dispersion experiments in central London: The 2007 DAPPLE project
In the event of a release of toxic gas in the center of London, emergency services personnel would need to determine quickly the extent of the area contaminated. The transport of pollutants by turbulent flow within the complex streets and building architecture of London, United Kingdom, is not straightforward, and we might wonder whether it is at all possible to make a scientifically reasoned decision. Here, we describe recent progress from a major U.K. project, Dispersion of Air Pollution and its Penetration into the Local Environment (DAPPLE; information online at www.dapple.org.uk). In DAPPLE, we focus on the movement of airborne pollutants in cities by developing a greater understanding of atmospheric flow and dispersion within urban street networks. In particular, we carried out full-scale dispersion experiments in central London from 2003 through 2008 to address the extent of the dispersion of tracers following their release at street level. These measurements complemented previous studies because 1) our focus was on dispersion within the first kilometer from the source, when most of the material was expected to remain within the street network rather than being mixed into the boundary layer aloft; 2) measurements were made under a wide variety of meteorological conditions; and 3) central London represents a European, rather than North American, city geometry. Interpretation of the results from the full-scale experiments was supported by extensive numerical and wind tunnel modeling, which allowed more detailed analysis under idealized and controlled conditions. In this article, we review the full-scale DAPPLE methodologies and show early results from the analysis of the 2007 field campaign data.
2009
2019-07-17 15:37:27
1033
Air quality, Atmospheric thermodynamics, Dispersions, Experiments
r6
Curtis R
Wood
70
Samantha J
Arnold
70
Ahmed A
Balogun
70
Janet F
Barlow
70
Stephen E
Belcher
70
Rex E
Britter
70
Hong
Cheng
70
Adrian
Dobre
70
Justin J N
Lingard
70
Damien
Martin
70
Marina K
Neophytou
70
Fredrik K
Petersson
70
Alan G
Robins
70
Dudley E.
Shallcross
70
Robert J
Smalley
70
James E
Tate
70
Alison S
Tomlin
70
Iain R.
White
70
COBISS_ID
3
5417467
DOI
15
10.1175/2009BAMS2638.1
NUK URN
18
URN:SI:UNG:REP:WPBBYVBE
RAZ_Wood_Curtis_R_i2009.pdf
18726230
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2019-07-18 08:44:44
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2019-07-17 15:37:28