61. 17-ß-Estradiol and Testosterone concentrations in claws of puppies up to 60 days of age.Jasmine Fusi, Tanja Peric, Cristina Bergamin, Maria Cristina Veronesi, 2018, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: The current 30% of canine perinatal mortality (Tonnessen et al., 2012) claims the need to deepen the knowledge about this phase, characterized by long-term hormonal and metabolic changes, that could benefit of long time-frame methods of investigation, reducing the quantity of samplings and thus respecting animal welfare (Veronesi et al., 2015). Indeed, apart from the well-known invasiveness of blood samplings, the necessary repeated collection of feces, urine and saliva, providing punctual information, could be stressful for the newborns and their mothers with negative effects on health status and maternal behavior.
Given that sexual steroid hormones were reported to have an influence on health outcomes and development already from the perinatal period (Frey et al., 2017), in this work 17-β-Estradiol (E2) and Testosterone (T) concentrations were assessed from the claws of dogs up to 60 days of age, to identify possible endogenous biomarkers.
Ten male and 10 female puppies, viable and healthy, born by elective cesarean section, were enrolled. Samplings were performed by trimming claws at birth, and the regrowth at 30 and 60 days of age after the breeder or the owner signed an informed consent. Then, E2 and T concentrations were analyzed by RIA (Veronesi et al., 2015) and a possible effect of gender evaluated by ANOVA.
All the hormonal claws concentrations showed a significant (p<0.001) drop from birth to 30 and 60 days of age, while no significant changes were observed between 30 and at 60 days of age (Table 1). No influence of the newborns’ gender was found.
Because of the higher levels of E2 and T observed at birth and at 30 days of age, it could be supposed that a source of production could be the placental and maternal compartments. However, the direct involvement of the fetus itself could not be excluded, given the reported accumulation from the nail capillary bed of those hormones (de Berker et al., 2007) and the production of sexual steroid hormones by feline fetal gonads (Braun and Jewgenow, 2017).
Ključne besede: Dog, Puppy, Claws, 17-ß-Estradiol, Testosterone.
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.04.2019; Ogledov: 3352; Prenosov: 0
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62. Hair dehydroepiandrosterone in newborn beef calves from birth up to 10 months of ageMonica Probo, Tanja Peric, Massimo Faustini, Alberto Prandi, Antonella Comin, 2018, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Although steroidogenesis in maternal, placental and fetal compartments is interdependent, the maternal and fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axes represent separate biological systems, with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) recognized as the main fetal steroid. Fetal steroids are likely to influence development and have long-term effects on HPA function. Hair analysis represents a promising methodological approach for the non-invasive measurement of steroids, allowing for a retrospective analysis of the total exposure to steroids over time, and avoiding the influence of acute events or circadian fluctuations (Schury et al. 2017, BMC Psychiatry 17:213). Hair coat DHEA (hcD) concentrations have been investigated in cows (Peric et al. 2017, Livestock Sci 202:39–43), but no studies
have been performed on newborn calves. Hair samples of 12 beef
calves (7 males, 5 females) were collected by shaving at calving (T0) and monthly up to 10 months of age (T1-T10), only on the re-growth area. Hair DHEA was analyzed by RIA2. Statistical analysis revealed that hcD concentrations in calves were influenced by age, with higher levels at T1 and T2 compared to the other samples (p < 0.05). HcD levels were not influenced by newborn gender, birth weight and Apgar score. These data demonstrate that DHEA is quantifiable in the hair coat of newborn calves, and that hcD levels are influenced by the age of calves. The higher accumulation of DHEA was detected from birth to 2 months of age, suggesting that DHEA continues to be secreted by the newborn calf also beyond birth and could be involved in the events occurring during the first months of age.
Ključne besede: hair, dehydroepiandrosterone, cattle, calf
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.04.2019; Ogledov: 3318; Prenosov: 0
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63. Maternal and fetal hair cortisol concentrations in beef cattle at deliveryTanja Peric, Monica Probo, Antonella Comin, Maria Cristina Veronesi, Marta Montillo, Alberto Prandi, 2018, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of both mother and fetus, is one of key mechanisms involved in fetal programming. Cortisol, the end-product of this axis, plays a critical role in regulating fetal and new-born metabolism and development. The aim of the study was to evaluate maternal and fetal cortisol concentrations shortly after delivery on hair samples non-invasively collected. The study was carried out on 11 pairs of beef cows and their calves (calves were 12 because of one case of twins) from the same farm and subjected to the same managerial conditions. Hair from new-born
calves and from their mothers was
collected on the day of birth shaving their withers to the level of the skin. The hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were determined by RIA as previously described (Peric et al. 2013: J Dairy Sci 96:3023–3027). The results showed that fetal and maternal HCC ranged from 16.11 to 40.43 pg/mg and from 1.88 to 15.73 pg/mg respectively, with fetal and maternal mean ± SE HCC of 23.72 ± 2.21 and 6.40 ± 1.32 pg/mg respectively (p < 0.001). Fetal HCC were on average 3.5 higher than those of mothers but this ratio differed among the pairs. These differences were also found among the twin calves. These results indicate that in beef cows-and-calves pairs, although HCC at delivery were always higher in calves than in cows, the ratio between fetal and maternal HCC differs among pairs, suggesting an individuality in the fetal programming processes that may also rely on genetic and epigenetic factors.
Ključne besede: hair, cortisol, cattle, delivery
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.04.2019; Ogledov: 3633; Prenosov: 0
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64. Elided Clausal Conjunction Is Not the Only Source of Closest‐Conjunct Agreement: A Picture‐Matching StudyBoban Arsenijević, Jana Willer-Gold, Nadira Aljović, Nermina Čordalija, Marijana Kresić, Nedžad Leko, Frane Malenica, Franc Marušič, Tanja Milićev, Nataša Milićević, Petra Mišmaš, Ivana Mitić, Anita Peti-Stantić, Branimir Stanković, Jelena Tušek, Andrew Nevins, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: A recurring hypothesis about the agreement phenomena generalized as closest‐conjunct agreement takes this pattern to result from reduced clausal conjunction, simply displaying the agreement of the verb with the nonconjoined subject of the clause whose content survives ellipsis (Aoun, Benmamoun & Sportiche 1994, 1999; see also Wilder 1997). Closest‐conjunct agreement is the dominant agreement pattern in the South Slavic languages Slovenian and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian. A natural question is whether closest‐conjunct agreement in these varieties may indeed be analyzed as entirely derived from conjunction reduction. In this article, we report on two experiments conducted to test this. The results reject the hypothesis as far as these languages are concerned, thereby upholding the relevance of models developed to account for closest‐conjunct agreement within theories of agreement.
Ključne besede: Conjunct agreement, Clausal conjunction, Experimental syntax
Objavljeno v RUNG: 08.04.2019; Ogledov: 12218; Prenosov: 136
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67. Prospects for Strongly Lensed Supernovae Behind Hubble FrontierFields Galaxy Clusters with the James Webb Space TelescopeTanja Petrushevska, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Measuring time delays from strongly lensed supernovae (SNe) is emerging as a novel andindependent tool for estimating the Hubble constant (H0). This is very important given the recent discordin the value of H0) from two methods that probe different distance ranges. The success of this techniquewill rely of our ability to discover strongly lensed SNe with measurable time delays. Here, we present themagnifications and the time delay s for the multiply-imaged galaxies behind the Hubble Frontier Fields(HFF) galaxy clusters, by using recently published lensing models. Continuing on our previous work donefor Abell 1689 (A1689) and Abell 370, we also show the prospects of observing strongly lensed SNe behindthe HFF clusters with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). With four 1-hour visits inone year, the summed expectations of all six HFF clusters are ∼0 .5 core-collapse (CC) SNe and 0.06Type Ia SNe (SNe Ia) in F115W band, while with F150W the expectations are higher, ∼0.9 CC SNeand ∼0.06 SNe Ia. These estimates match those expected by only surveying A1689, proving that theperformance of A1689 as gravitational telescope is superior. In the five HFF clusters presented here, wefind that F150W will be able to detect SNe Ia (SNe IIP) exploding in 93 (80) pairs multiply-imaged galaxieswith time delays of less than 5 years.
Ključne besede: supernovae, JWST, Hubble constant, strong lensing
Objavljeno v RUNG: 03.01.2019; Ogledov: 3084; Prenosov: 0
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68. Exploring the Universe with supernovaeTanja Petrushevska, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci (vabljeno predavanje) Opis: Supernovae have proven to be exquisite tools for a variety of astrophysics and cosmology topics. In this lecture, I will highlight a selection of dedicated tele- scopic surveys for detecting supernovae and I will report some of our interesting discoveries during the past few years. I will dedicate special attention to strongly lensed supernovae by galaxies and galaxy clusters. Under the right circumstances, multiple images of the lensed supernovae can be observed, and due to the variable nature of the objects, the difference between the arrival times of the images can be measured. Since the images have taken different paths through space before reaching us, the time-differences are sensitive to the expansion rate of the universe. Therefore, measuring time delays from strongly lensed supernovae is emerging as a novel and independent tool for estimating the Hubble constant (H0). This is very important given the recent discord in the value of H0 from two methods that probe different distance ranges: the ESA mission Planck value corresponds to 67.74 ± 0.46 km s−1 Mpc−1; [1], while a reanalysis of the local distance scale gives 73.24 ± 1.74 km s−1 Mpc−1; [2, 3], these measurements thus being inconsistent at the ≈ 3.5σ level. Therefore, the results of additional independent and high- precision techniques, which rely on different physics, are of key importance. In this context, I will report our discovery of the first resolved multiply-imaged gra- vitationally lensed supernova Type Ia [4]. Moving forward, I will discuss some of the prospects of upcoming facilities such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope and James Webb Space Telescope [5, 6].
Ključne besede: supernovae, strong lensing, neutron stars
Objavljeno v RUNG: 29.11.2018; Ogledov: 3159; Prenosov: 0
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69. Toxins in microalgae : Group project - final reportTanja Batkovič, Mojca Zotler, Meta Križaj, Jan David, Dani Bratuž, Anže Kuraj, 2017, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Opis: The aim of the project is to develop a detection system for the toxic algae Alexandrium minutum which can be than used as part of biosensor. First, we will isolate a single-domain antibody from a pre-immune library, then subclone its sequence in different vectors and produce it. Finally, we will design alternative ELISA methods and choose the most suitable to quantify the microalgae in water samples.
Ključne besede: Alexandrium minutum, mikroalge, biosenzorji ELISA
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.11.2018; Ogledov: 3893; Prenosov: 0
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