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41.
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Ligno-Cellulosic degradation products - Wood Resin Residue from Tannin Production
Gregor Draago Zupančič, Mario Panjicko, Domagoj Eršek, Goran Lukić, Žiga Velišček, Martin Gojun, 2018, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Tannin is a very versatile industrial material used for many applications. During tannin production, a residue is produced, which consists of 10 – 15 % sodium acetate solution with up to 10 % water-soluble wood resins by mass. Since it contains a high portion of acetate, it can be useful for anaerobic digestion to produce biomethane, whereas wood resins may exhibit inhibitory effects. In order to test the biodegradability of wood resin residue, several batch tests were performed with two approaches. In the first approach, co-digestion with corn-silage and animal waste was performed utilizing suspended biomass inoculum. In the second approach, co-digestion with pulp and paper wastewater was performed utilizing granular biomass inoculum. In the first approach, the results showed partial inhibition of degradation using mixtures of 25.6 % and total inhibition using 100.0 % of wood resin. Maximum biodegradability achieved was 83.4 %. In the second approach, the results showed partial inhibition of degradation using mixtures of 1.7 and 3.3 % of wood resin. Maximum biodegradability achieved was 64.3 %. Because the second approach enabled us to process larger quantities of wood resin (larger COD load), a pilot experiment of anaerobic co-digestion with pulp and paper wastewater was performed, utilising similar conditions to the considered full-scale treatment. The results showed COD degradation between 70.1 and 81.7 % and a potential increase in total produced biomethane of 36 – 39 %, with no significant adverse effects. Wood resin residue yielded 45 – 50 m3 of biomethane per tonne, which exhibits a good potential for biomethane production. If used for biomethane production in pulp and paper wastewater treatment, the valorisation value of the wood resin residue is between 54,500 € and 94,000 €, which makes the presented treatment also an economically viable option.
Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, biomethane production, wood resin residue
Published in RUNG: 11.03.2020; Views: 3126; Downloads: 0
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42.
Kružna ekonomija u prehrambenoj industriji i industriji pića, visokovrijedni proizvodi te energetsko i materijalno iskorištavanje otpada i nusproizvoda
Gregor Drago Zupančič, Mario Panjicko, Anamarija Havliček, Goran Lukić, 2019, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: Prehrambena industrija i industrija pića su s godišnjim prihodima od 1190 milijardi € među najvažnijim granama gospodarstva u EU, koje također proizvode i značajne količine nusproizvoda i otpada. Posljednjih godina, kroz uvođenje strategija kružne ekonomije, posebna pažnja posvećuje se iskorištavanju otpadnih tokova iz kojih je moguća proizvodnja visokovrijednih proizvoda. U ovom radu prikazani su primjeri iz proizvodnje hrane i pića, u kojima je iz nusproizvoda moguće proizvoditi aktivne spojeve kao npr. Resveratrol koji ima antikancerogeni učinak, različite polu proizvode kao što su fenolni spojevi, dodaci u prehrani i sl. U radu je posebna pažnja posvećena pivarskoj industriji gdje se iz nusproizvoda (pivske komine) proizvode prehrambeni proteini te i mljekarskoj industriji gdje se iz sirutke proizvode mliječne kulture, vitamini, laktoza, laktat i proteini (npr. aktoferini, laktoperoksidaze, imunoglobulini). U smislu strategije kružne ekonomije, ostatci nakon dobivanja novih proizvoda, koji više ne sadrže vrijedne tvari, moraju se zbrinuti na odgovarajući način. Najpovoljnija i najčešće upotrebljena tehnologija zbrinjavanja je anaerobna digestija. Anaerobnom digestijom moguće je otpadne tokove zbrinuti na način da se količine otpada smanje i do 90% te da se proizvedeni bioplin upotrijebi kao obnovljiv izvor energije u samom proizvodnom procesu. Time je moguće ostvariti smanjuje emisija ugljičnog dioksida do 50%.
Keywords: cirkularna ekonomija, nusproizvodi, otpad, prehrambena industrija, visokovrijedni proizvodi
Published in RUNG: 11.03.2020; Views: 3104; Downloads: 0
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43.
Uporaba biometana za transport v sistemu koto
Gregor Drago Zupančič, Mario Panjicko, Goran Lukić, Lea Lavrič, Marko Verbič, treatise, preliminary study, study

Keywords: Bioplin, Biometan, Transport
Published in RUNG: 04.03.2020; Views: 2804; Downloads: 0
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Mogućnosti proizvodnje biovodika iz otpadne hrane
Romana Marinšek-Logar, Maša Vodovnik, Petra Muri, Gregor Drago Zupančič, Mario Panjicko, 2019, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph

Keywords: otpadna hrana, biovodik, anaerobna mikrobna razgradnja
Published in RUNG: 04.03.2020; Views: 3079; Downloads: 0
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Effects of a Mixed O/F Ligand in the Tavorite-Type LiVPO4O Structure
Sorour Semsari Parapari, Jean-Marcel Ateba Mba, Elena Tchernychova, Gregor Mali, Iztok Arčon, Gregor Kapun, Mehmet Ali Gülgün, Robert Dominko, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: We report the synthesis and detailed structural and chemical characterization including electrochemical properties of a lithium vanadium oxy/fluoro-phosphate material. To the best of our knowledge, we have for the first time synthesized a LiVPO4O-type phase with a mixed O/F ligand. In the synthesis procedure, the LiVPO4O precursor compound was fluorinated via LiF incorporation, with preservation of the LiVPO4O framework structure. The operating potential of the synthesized material is increased compared to that of the LiVPO4O precursor (4.12 V vs 3.95 V versus metallic lithium, respectively). The related increase in operating potential was assigned to the effect of the intermixing O/F ligand, which is attained via the successful fluorine incorporation into the LiVPO4O structure. A characterization of the investigated materials was performed using microscale-covering XRD, XANES, and NMR techniques as well as nanoscale spatially resolved imaging and analytical STEM techniques. The obtained oxy/fluoro-phosphate phase is isostructural to LiVPO4O; however, the presence of the mixed O/F ligand promoted a higher symmetry of vanadium octahedra. These variations of the vanadium local environment along with the observed inhomogeneous distribution of the incorporated fluorine gave rise to the minor local deviations in vanadium valence. Our results clearly emphasize the connection among the fluorine ligand incorporation, its local distribution, and the electrochemical properties of the material.
Keywords: LiVPO4O, XRD, SEM, V XANES, Tavorite-Type, electrochemical properties
Published in RUNG: 17.02.2020; Views: 2849; Downloads: 0
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49.
Elucidation of Donor:Acceptor Phase Separation in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells and Its Implications on Device Performance and Charge Carrier Mobility
Sebastian F. Hoefler, Georg Haberfehlner, Thomas Rath, Andreas Keilbach, Mathias Hobisch, Alexander Dixon, Egon Pavlica, Gvido Bratina, Gerald Kothleitner, Ferdinand Hofer, Gregor Trimmel, 2019, original scientific article

Abstract: In bulk-heterojunction solar cells, the device performance strongly depends on the donor and acceptor properties, the phase separation in the absorber layer, and the formation of a bicontinuous network. While this phase separation is well explored for polymer:fullerene solar cells, only little is known for polymer:nonfullerene acceptor solar cells. The main hurdle in this regard is often the chemical similarity of the conjugated polymer donor and the organic nonfullerene acceptor (NFA), which makes the analysis of the phase separation via atomic force microscopic (AFM) phase images or conventional transmission electron microscopy difficult. In this work, we use the donor polymer PTB7-Th and the small molecule acceptor O-IDTBR as the model system and visualized the phase separation in PTB7-Th:O-IDTBR bulk-heterojunctions with different donor:acceptor ratios via scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) images and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) based elemental mapping, which resulted in a good contrast between the donor and the acceptor despite very low differences in the chemical composition. AFM as well as grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) investigations support the electron microscopic data. Furthermore, we elucidate the implications of the phase separation on the device performance as well as charge carrier mobilities in the bulk-heterojunction layers, and a high performance of the solar cells was found over a relatively broad range of polymer domain sizes. This can be related to the larger domain sizes of the acceptor phase with higher amounts of O-IDTBR in the blend, while the polymer donor phase still forms continuous pathways to the electrode, which keeps the hole mobility at a relatively constant level.
Keywords: nanomorphology bulk-heterojunction scanning transmission electron microscopy organic photovoltaics charge carrier mobility
Published in RUNG: 15.01.2020; Views: 2916; Downloads: 85
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50.
A consensus protocol for the in silico optimisation of antibody fragments
Miguel Soler, Barbara Medagli, Marta S. Semrau, Paola Storici, Gregor Bajc, Ario De Marco, Alessandro Laio, Sara Fortuna, 2019, original scientific article

Keywords: nanobodies, in silico design, Her2
Published in RUNG: 21.11.2019; Views: 3159; Downloads: 0
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