1. Time vs drought: leaf age rather than drought drives osmotic adjustment in V. vinifera cv. Pinot NoirElena Farolfi, Francesco Flagiello, Federica De Berardinis, Soma Laszlo Tarnay, Jan Reščič, Astrid Forneck, Jose Carlos Herrera, 2023, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: Global warming and increased frequency and/or severity of drought events are among the most threatening consequences of climate change for agricultural crops. In response to drought, grapevine (as many other plants) exhibits osmotic adjustment through active accumulation of osmolytes which in turn shift the leaf turgor loss point (TLP) to more negative values, allowing to maintain stomata opened at lower water potentials1. We investigated the capacity of Pinot noir leaves to modulate their osmotic potential as a function of: (i) time (seasonal osmoregulation), (ii) growing temperatures, and (iii) drought events, to enhance comprehension of the resilience of grapevines in drought conditions. We performed trails under semi-controlled field conditions, and in two different greenhouse chambers (20/15 °C vs 25/20 °C day/night). For two consecutive vegetative seasons, grafted potted grapevines (Pinot noir/SO4) were subjected to two different water regimes for at least 30 days: well-watered (WW) and water deficit (WD). Via pressure-volume (PV) curves and osmometer measurements we derived the leaf osmotic adjustment capability and TLP, while monitoring the plant gas exchange and water potential. Surprisingly, lower water potentials in WD vines throughout the season and in all situations (field and greenhouse) did not trigger osmoregulation, changes in TLP nor a modification of the modulus of elasticity. PV curves provided clear evidence that both temperature and water availability do not stimulate active osmotic adjustment in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir. Conversely, there is a clear impact of seasonal osmoregulation throughout the growing season2, decreasing the osmotic potential at full turgor by an average of 0.46 MPa in 90 days. Lack of osmotic adjustment in response to drought observed in this cultivar suggests Vitis genotypes have a broad spectrum of responses to drought and the strategy adopted to cope with it is highly dependent on the cultivar under analysis.
Keywords: grapevine, drought, osmotic adjustment, osmoregulation, turgor loss point
Published in RUNG: 21.11.2023; Views: 194; Downloads: 0
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2. Regenerativno vinogradništvoErika Jež, Jan Reščič, 2023, popular article Abstract: Potrošnniški način življenja novodobne družbe je predvsem mlajše generacije spodbudil k iskanju rešitev za ohranitev našega planeta. Vinogradništvo je kmetijska dejavnost, ki lahko pomembno prispeva k ustvarjanju boljšega sveta za prihodnje generacije. Največji potencial v vinogradu sta prav skrb za zdrava tla in ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnostni, ki sta temeljni zahtebvi za vse regenerativne vinogradnike.
Keywords: Vinogradništvo, regenerativno vinogradništvo, podnebne spremembe, agroekologija, tla
Published in RUNG: 17.11.2023; Views: 225; Downloads: 0
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5. Podnebne spremembe v vinogradih: prilagajanje na sušni stresJan Reščič, Alain Deloire, Anne Pellegrino, Katja Šuklje Antalick, 2023, unpublished conference contribution Abstract: S posledicami podnebnih sprememb se že nekaj časa soočamo tudi v slovenskem vinogradniškem prostoru. In čeprav vinska trta, zaradi globokega koreninskega sistema, velja za precej dobro prilagodljivo rastlino na pomanjkanje vode oziroma sušo, je za rast, rodnost in kakovost grozdja zelo pomembno kdaj, v kateri razvojni fazi se pojavi sušni stres ter koliko časa pomanjkanje vode traja. Prav tako, ni vsak sušni stres nujno škodljiv.
Keywords: vinska trta, sušni stres, podnebne spremembe, ukrepi
Published in RUNG: 04.09.2023; Views: 331; Downloads: 0
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9. Food chemistry1976 Published in RUNG: 22.04.2022; Views: 768; Downloads: 0
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