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11.
12.
The excess of phosphorus in soil reduces physiological performances over time but enhances prompt recovery of salt-stressed Arundo donax plants
Claudia Cocozza, Federico Brilli, Sara Pignattelli, Susanna Pollastri, Cecilia Brunetti, Cristina Gonnelli, Roberto Tognetti, Mauro Centritto, Francesco Loreto, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: Arundo donax L. is an invasive grass species with high tolerance to a wide range of environmental stresses. The response of potted A. donax plants to soil stress characterized by prolonged exposure (43 days) to salinity (+Na), to high concentration of phosphorus (+P), and to the combination of high Na and P (+NaP) followed by 14 days of recovery under optimal nutrient solution, was investigated along the entire time-course of the experiment. After an exposure of 43 days, salinity induced a progressive decline in stomatal conductance that hampered A. donax growth through diffusional limitations to photosynthesis and, when combined with high P, reduced the electron transport rate. Isoprene emission from A. donax leaves was stimulated as Na+ concentration raised in leaves. Prolonged growth in P-enriched substrate did not significantly affect A. donax performance, but decreased isoprene emission from leaves. Prolonged exposure of A. donax to + NaP increased the leaf level of H2O2, stimulated the production of carbohydrates, phenylpropanoids, zeaxanthin and increased the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophylls. This might have resulted in a higher stress tolerance that allowed a fast and full recovery following stress relief. Moreover, the high amount of ABA-glucose ester accumulated in leaves of A. donax exposed to + NaP might have favored stomata re-opening further sustaining the observed prompt recovery of photosynthesis. Therefore, prolonged exposure to high P exacerbated the negative effects of salt stress in A. donax plants photosynthetic performances, but enhanced activation of physiological mechanisms that allowed a prompt and full recovery after stress.
Keywords: Arundo donax Phosphorus Salinity Stress tolerance Biomass production
Published in RUNG: 20.04.2020; Views: 2847; Downloads: 0
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13.
Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Ligno-Cellulosic degradation products - Wood Resin Residue from Tannin Production
Gregor Draago Zupančič, Mario Panjicko, Domagoj Eršek, Goran Lukić, Žiga Velišček, Martin Gojun, 2018, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Tannin is a very versatile industrial material used for many applications. During tannin production, a residue is produced, which consists of 10 – 15 % sodium acetate solution with up to 10 % water-soluble wood resins by mass. Since it contains a high portion of acetate, it can be useful for anaerobic digestion to produce biomethane, whereas wood resins may exhibit inhibitory effects. In order to test the biodegradability of wood resin residue, several batch tests were performed with two approaches. In the first approach, co-digestion with corn-silage and animal waste was performed utilizing suspended biomass inoculum. In the second approach, co-digestion with pulp and paper wastewater was performed utilizing granular biomass inoculum. In the first approach, the results showed partial inhibition of degradation using mixtures of 25.6 % and total inhibition using 100.0 % of wood resin. Maximum biodegradability achieved was 83.4 %. In the second approach, the results showed partial inhibition of degradation using mixtures of 1.7 and 3.3 % of wood resin. Maximum biodegradability achieved was 64.3 %. Because the second approach enabled us to process larger quantities of wood resin (larger COD load), a pilot experiment of anaerobic co-digestion with pulp and paper wastewater was performed, utilising similar conditions to the considered full-scale treatment. The results showed COD degradation between 70.1 and 81.7 % and a potential increase in total produced biomethane of 36 – 39 %, with no significant adverse effects. Wood resin residue yielded 45 – 50 m3 of biomethane per tonne, which exhibits a good potential for biomethane production. If used for biomethane production in pulp and paper wastewater treatment, the valorisation value of the wood resin residue is between 54,500 € and 94,000 €, which makes the presented treatment also an economically viable option.
Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, biomethane production, wood resin residue
Published in RUNG: 11.03.2020; Views: 3128; Downloads: 0
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14.
How to react to the necessity of a sustainable animal production? The EcoLamb project.
Tanja Peric, Martina Bergant Marušič, Ario De Marco, Petra Makorič, 2019, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: EcoLamb assesses the sustainability of diverse European sheep production systems focusing on the ecological footprint, animal welfare aspects and nutrition value of lamb meat. The outcomes of these assessments will be used to understand the potential future barriers that limit the innovative capacity and development of the sector and the opportunities that may provide a future market niche against competitive products from other global markets. Farm solutions that incorporate consumer expectations for animal welfare and meat quality will enhance the competitiveness of Europe's lamb meat sector. The project engages trans-national research and industry stakeholders from 6 countries made up of Germany, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Turkey to analyse on 20 case study farms resource-efficient, competitive and low-carbon lamb production models. Direct linkage between animal welfare, meat quality and pharmaceutical use will also be determined using innovative Precision Farming techniques. The project will produce a toolbox of recommendations for productive sheep farm management, supply chain and marketing on how to improve the acceptability of lamb meat by consumers. Thus, the multidisciplinary approach and the multi-actor involvement of the EU sheep sector will assist in re-designing critical aspects to increase society acceptance and the place of lamb meat in future diets and the outcomes of the project will be used by stakeholders to promote changes in farm management, marketing and processing of meat from sheep. Additionally, results will be used by farm consultants, farmer groups and policy officers to re-design consulting approaches and plan new initiatives to make all aspects of the European sheep industry more sustainable.
Keywords: Sustainability, animal production, lamb, welfare, quality, meat, EcoLamb
Published in RUNG: 26.11.2019; Views: 3143; Downloads: 0
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15.
Scalar Implicatures
scientific monograph

Abstract: Scalar implicatures have enjoyed the status of one of the most researched topics in both theoretical and experimental pragmatics in recent years. This Research Topic presents new developments in studying the comprehension, as well as the production of scalar inferences, suggests new testing paradigms that trigger important discussions about the methodology of experimental investigation, explores the effect of prosody and context on inference rates. To a great extent the articles reflect the state of the art in the domain and outline promising paths for future research.
Keywords: Scalar implicature, Lexical scales, Scalar variability, Cross-linguistic variation, Production, Comprehension, Prosody, Context
Published in RUNG: 06.11.2019; Views: 3085; Downloads: 116
.pdf Full text (15,33 MB)

16.
17.
The effect of serum withdrawal on the protein profile of quiescent human dermal fibroblasts in primary cell culture.
Boraldi Federica, Annovi Giulia, Paolinelli Devincenzi Chiara, Tiozzo Roberta, Quaglino Daniela, 2008, original scientific article

Abstract: The effect of serum deprivation on proliferating cells is well known, in contrast its role on primary cell cultures, at confluence, has not been deeply investigated. Therefore, in order to explore the response of quiescent cells to serum deprivation, ubiquitous mesenchymal cells, as normal human dermal fibroblasts, were grown, for 48 h after confluence, in the presence or absence of 10% FBS. Fibroblast behaviour (i.e. cell morphology, cell viability, ROS production and elastin synthesis) was evaluated morphologically and biochemically. Moreover, the protein profile was investigated by 2-DE and differentially expressed proteins were identified by MS. Serum withdrawal caused cell shrinkage but did not significantly modify the total cell number. ROS production, as evaluated by the dihydroethidium (DH2) probe, was increased after serum deprivation, whereas elastin synthesis, measured by a colorimetric method, was markedly reduced in the absence of serum. By proteome analysis, 41 proteins appeared to significantly change their expression, the great majority of protein changes were related to the cytoskeleton, the stress response and the glycolytic pathway. Data indicate that human dermal fibroblasts in primary cell culture can adapt themselves to environmental changes, without significantly altering cell viability, at least after a few days of treatment, even though serum withdrawal represents a stress condition capable to increase ROS production, to influence cell metabolism and to interfere with cell behaviour, favouring the expression of several age-related features.
Keywords: Dermal fibroblasts / Primary cell culture / ROS production / Serum withdrawal
Published in RUNG: 22.07.2019; Views: 3235; Downloads: 0
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18.
In vitro and in silico approaches to obtain tailored reagents – Nanobodies as model
Ario De Marco, invited lecture at foreign university

Keywords: Immunoreagents, nanobodies, in vitro panning, recombinant antibody production
Published in RUNG: 21.09.2018; Views: 3186; Downloads: 0
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19.
Food production: wastes as potential source of bioactive compounds
Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, invited lecture at foreign university

Keywords: Food Production, lectures for students, reuse of wastes from plant processing
Published in RUNG: 11.09.2018; Views: 3278; Downloads: 0
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20.
How to react to the necessity of a sustainable animal production? The EcoLamb project
Tanja Peric, Martina Bergant Marušič, Ario De Marco, Petra Makorič, Sinan Ogun, 2018, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: EcoLamb assesses the sustainability of diverse European sheep production systems focusing on the ecological footprint, animal welfare aspects and nutrition value of lamb meat. The outcomes of these assessments will be used to understand the potential future barriers that limit the innovative capacity and development of the sector and the opportunities that may provide a future market niche against competitive products from other global markets. Farm solutions that incorporate consumer expectations for animal welfare and meat quality will enhance the competitiveness of Europe's lamb meat sector. The project engages trans-national research and industry stakeholders from 6 countries made up of Germany, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Turkey to analyse on 20 case study farms resource-efficient, competitive and low-carbon lamb production models. Direct linkage between animal welfare, meat quality and pharmaceutical use will also be determined using innovative Precision Farming techniques. The project will produce a tool-box of recommendations for productive sheep farm management, supply chain and marketing on how to improve the acceptability of lamb meat by consumers. Thus, the multidisciplinary approach and the multi-actor involvement of the EU sheep sector will assist in re-designing critical aspects to increase society acceptance and the place of lamb meat in future diets and the outcomes of the project will be used by stakeholders to promote changes in farm management, marketing and processing of meat from sheep. Additionally, results will be used by farm consultants, farmer groups and policy officers to re-design consulting approaches and plan new initiatives to make all aspects of the European sheep industry more sustainable.
Keywords: sustainable, animal production, lamb, sheep, Jezersko-Solčavska, EcoLamb
Published in RUNG: 05.09.2018; Views: 3560; Downloads: 0
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