1. An Overview of the ASKOS Campaign in Cabo VerdeEleni Marinou, Jesus Yus-Diez, Griša Močnik, 2023, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: In the framework of the ESA-NASA Joint Aeolus Tropical Atlantic Campaign (JATAC), the ASKOS experiment was implemented during the summer and autumn of 2021 and 2022. ASKOS comprised roughly 9 weeks of measurements in the Saharan dust outflow towards the North Atlantic, with operations conducted from the Cabo Verde Islands. Through its unprecedented dataset of synergistic measurements in the region, ASKOS will allow for the calibration and validation of the aerosol/cloud product from Aeolus and the preparation of the terrain for EarthCARE cal/val activities. Moreover, ASKOS marks a turning point in our ability to study Saharan dust properties and the processes affecting its atmospheric transport, as well as the link to other components of the Earth’s system, such as the effect of dust particles on cloud formation over the Eastern Atlantic and the effect of large and giant particles on radiation. This is possible through the synergy of diverse observations acquired during the experiment, which include intense 24/7 ground-based aerosol, cloud, wind, and radiation remote sensing measurements, and UAV-based aerosol in situ measurements within the Saharan air layer, up to 5.3 km altitude, offering particle size-distributions up to 40 μm as well as sample collection for mineralogical analysis. We provide an outline of the novel measurements along with the main scientific objectives of ASKOS. The campaign data will be publicly available by September of 2023 through the EVDC portal (ESA Validation Data Center).
Keywords: experimental campaign, remote sensing, lidar, radar, radiosondes, radiation, desert dust, in-situ, aerosol, optical properties, scattering, absorption, ASKOS
Published in RUNG: 25.09.2023; Views: 66; Downloads: 2
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2. Monitoring of the particles above the unpaved road by lidar techniqueUrška Koren Likar, William Eichinger, 2011, original scientific article Abstract: Basic concepts of laser-based technique LIDAR (LIght Detection and Ranging) are discussed in
this article as well as advantages and disadvantages. Presented are measurements of relative
particulate concentrations above an unpaved road which were performed in a rural area near the
Iowa City, Iowa, USA. The LIDAR system used in these measurements is a small, scanning LIDAR
that uses elastic backscattering to obtain information on the amount of atmospheric aerosols. In
the elastic LIDAR, light scattered back towards the LIDAR system from molecules and particles in
the atmosphere is collected by a telescope and is detected with a photodiode. A Big Sky Laser
model CFR-200 Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.064 microns is used to generate the LIDAR's
outgoing signal. The laser is attached directly to the top of a 26 cm, f/10 Cassegrian telescope. A
series of pulses are summed to make a single scan. A series of scans is used to build up a two-
dimensional map of relative atmospheric aerosol concentrations. With a maximum range of about
6-8 km, a range resolution of 2.5 m, and a time resolution of 30 s, the LIDAR is capable of very
detailed mapping of aerosols.
Keywords: LIDAR technique, particulate concentration, traffic emissions
Published in RUNG: 12.07.2023; Views: 255; Downloads: 1
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3. Observation of the Cumbre Vieja volcano plume above the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos with the Barcelona Raman LIDARMiha Živec, Otger Ballester, Oscar Blanch, Juan Boix, Paolo G. Calisse, Anna Campoy Ordaz, Michele Doro, Lluis Font, Rafael Garcia, Markus Gaug, Roger Grau, Manel Martinez, David Roman, Samo Stanič, Santiago Ubach Ramírez, Marko Zavrtanik, 2022, published scientific conference contribution Keywords: lidar, remote sensing, CTA, CTAO, Cumbre Vieja, atmospheric monitoring, volcano
Published in RUNG: 13.02.2023; Views: 508; Downloads: 10
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5. Investigation of the effective transmittance of Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the multi-longitudinal-mode high-spectral-resolution lidarFei Gao, Fengjia Gao, Xiao Yang, Gaipan Li, Li Wang, Meng Wang, Dengxin Hua, Griša Močnik, Samo Stanič, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Effective transmittance is an important parameter of Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the retrieval of aerosol optical properties using the multi-longitudinal-mode high-spectral-resolution lidar, which is a function of the complex degree of coherence. In this paper, we retrieve the parameter of the complex degree of coherence for the multi-longitudinal-mode laser from the theoretical analysis, optical simulation and experimental measurements, which are 0.726, 0.678 and 0.453 using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer with the optimal optical path difference of two times of laser optical cavity length (∼1000 mm) and under the light illumination of the high power Nd:YAG laser with the mode number of 101 and mode interval of 300 MHz under the condition of laser linewidth of 1 cm−1 (30 GHz). The preliminary measurement results of aerosol optical properties using the constructing multi-longitudinal-mode high-spectral-resolution lidar show that the difference of the complex degree of coherence retrieved from the presented methods results in the relative error of 40% in the aerosol backscattering coefficient with thin cloud layer and 90% with the presence of dense aerosol layer.
Keywords: effective transmittance, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Multi-logitudinal-mode laser, High-spectral-resolution lidar
Published in RUNG: 20.09.2022; Views: 817; Downloads: 0
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6. Investigation of Aerosol Types and Vertical Distributions Using Polarization Raman Lidar over Vipava ValleyLonglong Wang, Marija Bervida Mačak, Samo Stanič, Klemen Bergant, Asta Gregorič, Luka Drinovec, Zhenping Yin, Yang Yi, Detlef Müller, Xuan Wang, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Aerosol direct radiative forcing is strongly dependent on aerosol distributions and aerosol types. A detailed understanding of such information is still missing at the Alpine region, which currently undergoes amplified climate warming. Our goal was to study the vertical variability of aerosol types within and above the Vipava valley (45.87◦ N, 13.90◦ E, 125 m a.s.l.) to reveal the vertical impact of each particular aerosol type on this region, a representative complex terrain in the Alpine region which often suffers from air pollution in the wintertime. This investigation was performed using the entire dataset of a dual-wavelength polarization Raman lidar system, which covers 33 nights from September to December 2017. The lidar provides measurements from midnight to early morning (typically from 00:00 to 06:00 CET) to provide aerosol-type dependent properties, which include particle linear depolarization ratio, lidar ratio at 355 nm and the aerosol backscatter Ångström exponent between 355 nm and 1064 nm. These aerosol properties were compared with similar studies, and the aerosol types were identified by the measured aerosol optical properties. Primary anthropogenic aerosols within the valley are mainly emitted from two sources: individual domestic heating systems, which mostly use biomass fuel, and traffic emissions. Natural aerosols, such as mineral dust and sea salt, are mostly transported over large distances. A mixture of two or more aerosol types was generally found. The aerosol characterization and statistical properties of vertical aerosol distributions were performed up to 3 km.
Keywords: valley air pollution, aerosol vertical distributions, lidar remote sensing, aerosol identification
Published in RUNG: 21.07.2022; Views: 875; Downloads: 23
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7. Bioaerosol partitioning between the interstitial and condensed phase in mixed-phase clouds : lecture NOSA Symposium 2021, March 16th 2021, onlineTina Šantl Temkiv, Miha Živec, Mojca Benčina, Samo Stanič, Griša Močnik, 2021, unpublished conference contribution Keywords: bioaerosol, aerosol, mixed-phase clouds, LIDAR
Published in RUNG: 22.11.2021; Views: 1328; Downloads: 43
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8. Bora flow characteristics in a complex valley environmentMarija Bervida, Samo Stanič, Griša Močnik, Longlong Wang, Klemen Bergant, Xiaoquan Song, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: This paper complements the existing studies of Bora flow properties in the Vipava valley with the study of Bora turbulence in a lower region of the troposphere. The turbulence characteristics of Bora flow were derived from high resolution Doppler wind lidar measurements during eight Bora wind episodes that occurred in November and December 2019. Based on the vertical profiles of wind velocity, from 80 to 180 m above the valley floor, the turbulence intensity related to all three spatial directions and the along-wind integral length scales related to three velocity components were evaluated and compared to the approximations given in international standards. The resulting turbulence characteristics of Bora flow in a deep mountain valley exhibited interesting behaviour, differing from the one expected and suggested by standards. The intensity of turbulence during Bora episodes was found to be quite strong, especially regarding the expected values for that particular category of terrain. The specific relationship between along-wind, lateral and vertical intensity was evaluated as well. The scales of turbulence in the along-wind direction were found to vary widely between different Bora episodes and were rather different from the approximations given by standards, with the most significant deviations observed for the along-wind length scale of the vertical velocity component. Finally, the periodicity of flow structures above the valley was assessed, yielding a wide range of possible periods between 1 and 10 min, thus confirming some of the previous observations from the studies of Bora in the Vipava valley.
Keywords: doppler wind lidar, Bora wind, turbulence intensity, complex terrain, turbulence integral length scale
Published in RUNG: 05.11.2021; Views: 1490; Downloads: 41
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9. Kanarski otoki v plamenihUroš Slak, Samo Stanič, Natalija Švab, radio or television event Abstract: Intervju o izbruhu ognjenika Cumbre Vieja na La Palmi, Kanarski otoki, Španjia, ter o raziskavah v okviru projekta Polje Čerenkovih teleskopov (CTA), ki potekajo na observatoriju Roque de los Muchachos.
Keywords: ognjenik, izbruh, astrofizika, gama žarki visokih energij, atmosfera, lidar
Published in RUNG: 04.10.2021; Views: 1624; Downloads: 0
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10. KO NAM UGANKE VESOLJA POMAGAJO SPOZNAVATI NAŠO ATMOSFERO2020, radio or television broadcast, podcast, interview, press conference Abstract: Razumevanje najbolj oddaljenih in nenavadnih pojavov v vesolju je lahko tesno povezano z razumevanjem pojavov tu na Zemlji. Iskanje odgovorov na vprašanja, ki jih znanosti denimo zastavljajo eksotični kozmični žarki visokih energij, je povezano s podrobnim razumevanjem Zemljine atmosfere, saj ima atmosfera vlogo ogromnega detektorja. Nova spoznanja ne odpirajo zgolj novih poglavij v našem razumevanju vesolja, ampak tudi vrsto novih možnosti pri razumevanju dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na naše vreme in podnebje. Tem vidikom se bomo posvetili v današnjih Podobah znanja. Naš gost je prof. dr. Samo Stanič, vodja Centra za astrofiziko in kozmologijo Univerze v Novi Gorici. Za vrhunske dosežke pri raziskavah kozmičnih delcev ekstremnih energij je skupaj s kolegoma Andrejem Filipčičem in Markom Zavrtanikom prejel Zoisovo nagrado.
Keywords: intervju, Zoisova nagrada, observatorij Pierre Auger, kozmični delci ekstremnih energij, atmosfera, lidar
Published in RUNG: 12.02.2021; Views: 1922; Downloads: 92
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