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Opis: Over the past decade the multi-messenger astrophysics has emerged as a distinct discipline, providing unique insights into the properties of high-energy phenomena in the Universe. The Pierre Auger Observatory, located in Malargüe, Argentina, is the world’s largest cosmic ray detector sensitive to photons, neutrinos, and hadrons at ultra-high energies. Using its data, stringent limits on photon and neutrino fluxes at EeV energies have been obtained. The collaboration uses the excellent angular resolution and the neutrino identification capabilities of the Observatory for follow-up studies of events detected in gravitational waves or other messengers, through cooperation with global multi-messenger networks. We present a science motivation together with an overview of the multi-messenger capabilities and results of the Pierre Auger Observatory.
Ključne besede: high-energy cosmic phenomena, multi-messenger astrophysical studies, cosmic rays, gamma-rays, neutrinos, Pierre Auger Observatory
Objavljeno v RUNG: 06.05.2022; Ogledov: 997; Prenosov: 0
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Ključne besede: Statistične metode, Čerenkov detektor, kalibracije in metode prilagajanja, Observatorij Pierre Auger
Objavljeno v RUNG: 19.07.2021; Ogledov: 1848; Prenosov: 624
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Ključne besede: ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), UHECR energy spectrum, Pierre Auger Observatory, Telescope Array
Objavljeno v RUNG: 10.05.2021; Ogledov: 1537; Prenosov: 63
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Opis: To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above 10[sup]16.5 eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 m[sup]2-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m[sup]2 close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m[sup]2 when far away, the necessary broad dynamic range is achieved by the simultaneous implementation of two acquisition modes in the read-out electronics: the binary mode, tuned to count single muons, and the ADC mode, suited to measure a high number of them. In this work, we present the end-to-end calibration of the muon detector modules: first, the SiPMs are calibrated by means of the binary channel, and then, the ADC channel is calibrated using atmospheric muons, detected in parallel to the shower data acquisition. The laboratory and field measurements performed to develop the implementation of the full calibration chain of both binary and ADC channels are presented and discussed. The calibration procedure is reliable to work with the high amount of channels in the UMD, which will be operated continuously, in changing environmental conditions, for several years.
Ključne besede: ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers (EAS), EAS muonic component, Pierre Auger Observatory, underground muon detector, detector calibration
Objavljeno v RUNG: 14.04.2021; Ogledov: 2158; Prenosov: 137
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Ključne besede: extensive air showers (EAS), muon density measurements in EAS, EAS-MSU array, IceCube neutrino observatory, KASCADE-Grande, NEVOD-DECOR, Pierre Auger Observatory, SUGAR, Telescope Array, Yakutsk EAS array
Objavljeno v RUNG: 22.12.2020; Ogledov: 1797; Prenosov: 76
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