61. Analysis of mechanosensing in human cardiac stem cellsElisa Mazzega, Eliana Pomarè, Angela Caragnano, Sebastian Martewicz, Nicola Elvassore, Antonio Paolo Beltrami, Ugo Livi, 2015, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Objectives: We have shown that age and pathology impair the biological properties of stem cells isolated from human hearts (CSC) and functional assays showed differences between CSC isolated from normal (DCSC) and end-stage failing (ECSC) hearts. As alterations of mechanical properties of the myocardium, such as stiffening and increased wall stress, are crucial features of cardiac remodeling, this work addresses the biological effects exerted on CSC by mechanical stimuli. Materials and methods: DCSC and ECSC were cultured under defined conditions to mimic specific features of the pathologic condition: increased mechanical loading (up to 15%, cyclic at 1 Hz), differential substrate stiffness (ranging from 1 to 231 kPa), differential cell densities. After 24, 48 and 72 h, cells were fixed and stained for analysis of proliferation and subcellular localization of YAP or lysed for RT-PCR analysis.Results: Cyclic stretch was significantly associated with both increased proliferation of DCSC (n = 6, p<0.0001) and ECSC (n = 4, p = 0.003), and with a significant reduction of nuclear localized YAP (nYAP) as a function of time (p<0.05). However, while significant correlation between cell density and decreased nYAP (p = 0.003, r2 = 0.37) characterized ECSC, this was not evident for unstretched DCSC, suggesting a less stringent regulation of contact inhibition in DCSC. These data were further confirmed by seeding cells at differential density. As opposed to what previously shown for epithelial cell lines, DCSC did not reduce nYAP positivity as a function of cell density, when grown in serum containing medium, suggesting that soluble factors present in the serum could maintain the nuclear localization of YAP, independently from the cell density. In line, serum significantly increased the nYAP expressing cells in DCSC, while a significant positive correlation between cell density and nYAP positivity can be demonstrated in DCSC cultured in serum free medium. RT-PCR for YAP-regulated targets confirmed immuno- fluorescence data. Furthermore, independently from the pathologic status, cyclic stretch was significantly associated with a persistent YAP signaling at high cell density. Besides, tension and assembly of cytoskeletal network, induced by increasing substrate stiffness, correlates with nYAP (p<0.05) and YAP transcriptional activation (p<0.05). Conclusions: D- and ECSC differ in their mechanosensing properties. However, in the first cell type, nYAP localization is dictated by the combined action of paracrine factors and cytoskeletal tension, thus reducing the contact inhibition effect. This finding is in line with a more primitive phenotype of SC isolated from normal hearts.
Ključne besede: Stem cells, human cardiac stem cells, mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, heart failure, YAP
Objavljeno v RUNG: 21.03.2017; Ogledov: 4346; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
62. Ex Vivo Molecular Rejuvenation Improves the Therapeutic Activity of Senescent Human Cardiac Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Myocardial InfarctionElisa Avolio, Giuseppe Gianfranceschi, Angela Caragnano, Emmanouil Athanasakis, Rajesh Katare, Daniela Cesselli, Marco Meloni, Anita Palma, Arianna Barchiesi, Carlo Vascotto, Barbara Toffoletto, Elisa Mazzega, Nicoletta Finato, Giuseppe Aresu, Ugolino Livi, Costanza Emanueli, Giacinto Scoles, Carlo Alberto Beltrami, Paolo Madeddu, Antonio Paolo Beltrami, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Cardiac stem cells (CSC) from explanted decompensated hearts (E-CSC) are, with respect to those obtained from healthy donors (D-CSC), senescent and functionally impaired. We aimed to identify alterations in signaling pathways that are associated with CSC senescence. Additionally, we inves- tigated if pharmacological modulation of altered pathways can reduce CSC senescence in vitro and enhance their reparative ability in vivo. Measurement of secreted factors showed that E-CSC release larger amounts of proinflammatory cytokine IL1b compared with D-CSC. Using blocking antibodies, we verified that IL1b hampers the paracrine protective action of E-CSC on cardiomyo- cyte viability. IL1b acts intracranially inducing IKKb signaling, a mechanism that via nuclear factor-jB upregulates the expression of IL1b itself. Moreover, E-CSC show reduced levels of AMP protein kinase (AMPK) activating phosphorylation. This latter event, together with enhanced IKKb signaling, increases TORC1 activity, thereby impairing the autophagic flux and inhibiting the phos- phorylation of Akt and cAMP response element-binding protein. The combined use of rapamycin and resveratrol enhanced AMPK, thereby restoring downstream signaling and reducing IL1b secretion. These molecular corrections reduced E-CSC senescence, re-establishing their protective activity on cardiomyocytes. Moreover ex vivo treatment with rapamycin and resveratrol improved E-CSC capacity to induce cardiac repair upon injection in the mouse infarcted heart, leading to reduced cardiomyocyte senescence and apoptosis and increased abundance of endog- enous c-Kit1 CSC in the peri-infarct area. Molecular rejuvenation of patient-derived CSC by short pharmacologic conditioning boosts their in vivo reparative abilities. This approach might prove useful for refinement of CSC-based therapies.
Ključne besede: Stem cells, Myocardial infarction, Cellular senescence, Heart failure
Objavljeno v RUNG: 21.03.2017; Ogledov: 4040; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
63. Digital and social ICT in the interpretation of Cultural Heritage: a new paradigm for valorisation?Guendalina Ciancimino, 2016, magistrsko delo Opis: Today it is widely acknowledged by international institutions, national and local
administrations, and the civic society at large, that the whole of Cultural Heritage
(CH), in its tangible and intangible forms, is part of our individual and collective
memory, a marker of cultural identity and at the same time a demonstration of
social heterogeneity and complexity. This has led to a progressive recognition of the
importance of not only protecting, but also valorising CH, through its promotion and
the facilitation of its fruition.
Benefiting from CH depends on what and how is done to promote it and also to create
a competitive advantage for the ‘cultural economy’ which is based on its reproduction.
Tourism is an industry which uses CH and to some extent achieves the objective of
its valorisation, widening the market for its fruition and the significance of heritage
for different ‘publics’, but only to the extent that it is sustainable in its widest sense.
This sets a number of challenges regarding how the heritage is offered, explained, and
made accessible to visitors.
In this sense, the valorisation of CH is at the core of value generation in tourism,
and the use of ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) is the channel
through which increasingly cultural resources are experienced in competitive and
sustainable way. New ICT tools restructure the relationship between image and
word, leading to new ways to imagine and interpret CH, and offer great potential
for value creation in tourism whereby perception and visual processing are essential
elements of communication and experience. Interpretation, which can be informative,
inspirational and entertaining, spurs understanding and appreciation, and ultimately
engages visitors in CH. Besides, online social networks have a central place in the
shaping of experience of the contemporary visitor and offer potential for a smart
marketing approach.
This Master thesis aims to demonstrate that managing the flows of information through
the new technologies may indeed enhance CH valorisation, and that the introduction
of digital devices and virtual technologies should follow a visitor-centred approach.
It also intends to acknowledge that the application of ICTs can have a significant return
in terms of economic income, stimulating and generating a stronger understanding
among cultural and public institutions and organizations.
The first section of this work reviews the relationship between CH and its social
dimension, presenting CH as a lever to enhance social and economic development;
it presents ICT and their relation with cultural tourism, illustrating the ongoing
transformation of visitors into active actors in the valorisation of CH.
The second section presents two case studies of digital devices applied to CH
valorisation in different contexts; the impacts of the two projects in relation to heritage
itself, its users and the territory are carefully analised.
The research represents a starting point for more work encased in contemporary studies
on the management of CH, as well as in the developing area of digital interpretation,
towards a more general development of a model of sustainable CH tourism.
Ključne besede: CH management, cultural tourism, ICT, interpretation, CH experience
Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.03.2017; Ogledov: 5183; Prenosov: 229
 Celotno besedilo (2,87 MB) |
64. |
65. Fast-Response Photonic Device Based on Organic-Crystal Heterojunctions Assembled into a Vertical-Yet-Open Asymmetric ArchitectureLei Zhang, Egon Pavlica, Zhong, Xiaolan, Liscio Fabiola, LI Songlin, Gvido Bratina, Orgiu Emanuele, Samori Paolo, 2017, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: organski polprevodniki, merjenja časa preleta, organski fotodetektorji
Objavljeno v RUNG: 24.01.2017; Ogledov: 4226; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
66. Graphene-induced enhancement of n-type mobility in perylenediimide thin filmsGvido Bratina, Egon Pavlica, Srinivasa Rao Pathipati, Andrea Schlierf, Mirella El Gemayel, Paolo Samorì, Vincenzo PALERMO, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: grafen, transportne lastnosti, organski tankoslojni tranzistorji, tok fotovzbujenih nosilcev naboja
Objavljeno v RUNG: 16.06.2016; Ogledov: 4898; Prenosov: 134
 Povezava na celotno besedilo |
67. |
68. EFFECT OF TIMING OF LEAF REMOVAL ON YIELD PARAMETERS, GRAPE AND WINE QUALITY OF VITIS VINIFERA L. CV. 'SAUVIGNON BLANC' Daniela MARKOVICDaniela Markovic, 2016, diplomsko delo Opis: Z odstranjevanjem listov v predelu grozdov se lahko spremeni mikroklima grozdov, ki lahko izzove spremembe v sekundarnem metabolizmu vinske trte, ki so odvisne tudi od časa izvedbe ukrepa. Uravnavanje sinteze aromatskih komponent je zanimivo pri belih sortah kot je sorta 'Sauvignon blanc', kjer so metoksipirazini in tioli tisti, ki oblikujejo značilno aromo vina te sorte.
Eksperiment diplomske naloge smo zastavili na Oslavju (Gorica, Italija) v vinogradu sorte grozdja 'Sauvignon blanc' (Vitis vinifera L.). Želeli smo preveriti vpliva odstranjevanja listov v predelu grozdja pred in po cvetenju na količino in kakovost pridelka ter aromatske lastnosti grozdja in vina.
Količinski parametri pridelka so pokazali majhne vplive izvedenih ukrepov razlistanja; pozno razlistanje na količino pridelka ni vplivalo, v nasprotju z razlistanjem pred cvetenjem, kjer smo opazili rahlo zmanjšanje pridelka po trsu in mase grozdov. Tudi pri osnovnih zrelostnih parametrih smo opazili manjše spremembe, predvsem večje vsebnosti topne suhe snovi pri razlistanju pred cvetenjem.
Pri aromatskih komponentah smo zaznali vpliv razlistanja pred cvetenjem na količino prekurzorjev tiolov tako v grozdju kot tudi vinu; večjo vsebnost 4-merkapto-4-metilpentan-2-on (4MMP) in nižje koncentracije 3-merkaptoheksan-1-ol (3MH). S poznejšim odstranjevanjem listov smo zmanjšali koncentracije 4MMP, na vsebnost 3MH ta ukrep ni vplival.
Tudi s senzorično oceno vina smo potrdili pomembne vplive razlistanja pred in po cvetenju na določene note v aromi vina 'Sauvignon blanc'.
Leaf removal changes cluster microclimate, and thus modifications in the secondary metabolism are triggered, but differently as regard to the timing of application. In case of white grape varieties, the interest on the modification of aroma characteristics is searched, and in case of 'Sauvignon blanc', the shift in concentration of methoxypyrazines and thiols is responsible for the bouquet of the wines.
An experimental trial was set up in Oslavia (Gorizia, Italy) with the aim to evaluate how pre-flowering and post-flowering leaf removal applied on 'Sauvignon blanc' vines could change the aromatic occurrence in grapes and wines.
The yield parameters were slightly affected by the treatments of leaf removal; while late leaf removal did not impact on production, pre-flowering leaf removal slightly promoted a reduction on yield and cluster weight. Also basic maturation parameters were slightly changed, mainly higher soluble solids in case of pre-flowering leaf removal.
As regard aromatics, both thiol precursors in grapes and thiols in wines revealed to be shifted in case of pre-flowering leaf removal, with higher values of 4-mercapto-4-methyl-pentan-2-one and lower values of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol. In case of late leaf removal lower concentration of 4MMP were revealed and similar of 3MH.
Also the degustation of the wines revealed some peculiarities of pre-flowering and late leaf removal treatments for some important sensorial notes of 'Sauvignon blanc' wines.
Ključne besede: Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Sauvignon blanc', razlistanje pred cvetenjem, razlistanje po cvetenju, aromatske komponente, tioli, LC-MS
Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Sauvignon blanc', pre-flowering leaf removal, post-flowering leaf removal, aromatic compounds, thiols, LC-MS
Objavljeno v RUNG: 14.01.2016; Ogledov: 7934; Prenosov: 303
Celotno besedilo (1,30 MB) |
69. Vpliv vinogradniških tehnologij na vsebnost metabolitov v grozdju sorte ‘Modra frankinja’Ana Marija Tomše, 2015, diplomsko delo Opis: V grozdju sorte ‘Modra frankinja’ (Vitis vinifera L.), vinorodni okoliš Dolenjska, smo
leta 2013 preučevali vpliv vinogradniških tehnologij: odstranjevanja listov v predelu
grozdja (razlistanja) pred fazo cvetenja in redčenja grozdja v fazi vèraison v primerjavi
s kontrolo. Grozdje smo vzorčili teden pred trgatvijo, v času trgatve in teden po tem. V
svežem grozdnem soku smo določili vsebnost suhe snovi, skupnih titrabilnih kislin in
pH-vrednost. Vsebnost in profil antocianov smo določili v metanolnih ekstraktih
grozdnih kožic s pomočjo tekočinske kromatografije visoke ločljivosti. Redčenje
grozdja v fazi vèraison je vplivalo na statistično značilno večje povprečne: mase kožic,
vsebnosti suhe snovi in pH-vrednosti v primerjavi z razlistanjem pred fazo cvetenja ob
času trgatve in teden po tem, medtem ko se kontrola ni statistično značilno razlikovala
od redčenja grozdja. Razlike v povprečni masi grozdja in vsebnosti skupnih titrabilnih
kislin med tehnologijami niso bile statistično značilne ob nobenem terminu vzorčenja.
Povprečna vsebnost skupnih monomernih antocianov v grozdju je bila ob času trgatve
največja pri redčenju grozdja v fazi vèraison, vendar razlike med tehnologijami niso bile
statistično značilne. Malvidin 3-glukozid je najbolj zastopan antocian pri sorti ‘Modra
frankinja’. Lastnost sorte je tudi manjša vsebnost acilatov od kumaratov. Redčenje
grozdja v fazi vèraison je najbolj vplivalo na izboljšano kakovost grozdja glede na
spremljane parametre.
Ključne besede: ‘Modra frankinja’ (Vitis vinifera L.), odstranjevanje listov pred fazo
cvetenja, redčenje grozdja v fazi vèraison, antociani, profil antocianov.
Objavljeno v RUNG: 15.09.2015; Ogledov: 7782; Prenosov: 308
Celotno besedilo (3,95 MB) |
70. Biological role of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) in winegrowing region of Northern PrimorskaAnastazija Jež Krebelj, 2015, doktorska disertacija Opis: Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) represent one of the most important crops in the world in terms of both production and economic importance. Grapevines are exposed to many types of abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, flooding, low and high temperature, salinity) and biotic stresses (e.g., viruses, bacteria, phytoplasma, fungal disease) during their life-cycle. Therefore, grapevines elicit the appropriate defence mechanisms.
In the first part of this study, we monitored the occurrence of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) infection, which causes progressive decline of infected grapevines and lowers their yield. Grapevines were also tested for the presence of other viruses important for grapevines: Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine leafroll associated virus (GLRaV)-1, -2, -3, -4, -9, Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) in this study; and by Cigoj (2015): Grapevine virus B (GVB), Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), Grapevine chrome mosaic virus (GCMV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV), Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV), and Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV). Using ELISA, the presence of the following grapevine viruses were detected: GFLV, (GFkV), (GVA), and Grapevine leafroll associated viruses- 1, -2, -3,.
A wide range of GFLV symptoms caused by grapevine fanleaf disease in naturally infected vineyards were observed, including leaf, shoot and cluster malformations and leaf yellowing. GFLV is disseminated by its biological vector X. index, and through vegetative propagation of virus-infected material. The spread of GFLV in the vineyards was investigated here.
We constructed a spatio-temporal study of the GFLV titres during the seasons and throughout the grapevine, for its distribution in different grapevine organs through the season. This study shows that young leaves have high virus titres through the whole vegetative period, while mature leaves, tendrils and flower/ berry clusters only have high titres at the beginning of the vegetative period. The seeds retain high virus titres after berry colouring. Phloem scrapings were shown to contain lower virus titres during the vegetative period, with an increase outside and at the beginning of the vegetative period. In flower/ berry clusters, mature leaves and tendrils, the GFLV titres decrease significantly over the vegetative period. Additionally, different GFLV titres were shown in five different cultivars, and different combinations of mixed infections with other grapevine viruses influenced the GFLV titre differently. Finally, correlation between the magnitude of symptom appearance and GFLV titres was analysed.
Grapevines adapt to abiotic stresses and biotic stresses by the expression of a wide range of stress-responsive genes, which are thought to have key roles in stress tolerance and survival.
SWP of the infected grapevines through the season was lower than SWP measured for healthy grapevines. For both seasons, there were significant differences in SWP measurements between healthy and GFLV-infected grapevines of ‘Schioppettino’ trained using the single Guyot training system.
SWP and RHC of the GFLV-infected grapevines were reduced compared to the healthy controls. The water deficit triggered the production of ABA, which induced the expression of the stress-related gene RD22. Additionally, this study shows that the WRKY gene that is involved in the ABA signalling network is regulated by water deficit. Plant defence responses to water stress also included up-regulation of the F3H2 and LDOX genes, which are involved in anthocyanins synthesis. GFLV infection significant impacted upon the expression of genes involves in ABA biosynthesis, as NCED1 and NCED2, and upon two genes involved in the early stages of anthocyanins synthesis, as CHS2 and F3H1. We also showed that the combination of grapevine cultivar, training system, and environmental conditions impacts on gene expression
Ključne besede: Vitis vinifera L., grapevine, Grapevine fanleaf virus, GFLV, grapevine disease, virus titre, distribution, fluctuation, ELISA, qPCR, ABA, drought, water status, water deficit, SWP, RHC, anthocyanins, gene expression
Objavljeno v RUNG: 27.07.2015; Ogledov: 8389; Prenosov: 415
Celotno besedilo (4,19 MB) |
