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11.
Monocular and hybrid analysis for TA×4 fluorescence detectors
Yuki Kusumori, R. U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Yasuhiko Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, 2023, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: The TA×4 project is an extension of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, aimed at clarifying the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays. It has deployed 4 fluorescence detectors (FDs) and 130 surface detectors (SDs) at the northeast lobe of the original TA array and 8 FDs and 127 SDs at the southeast lobe of the original TA array, expanding the detection area about four times larger than the TA experiment. This expansion enables us to sample larger data. The TA×4 has been collecting data to obtain solid evidence of the excess of events in the arrival direction distribution, known as the TA hotspot, reported in 2014 by the TA experiment. The north and south observations began in 2018 and 2019, respectively, and are ongoing except for a hiatus from February to June 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this presentation, we will report the details of TA×4 FD monocular analysis.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, TAx4, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.10.2023; Ogledov: 558; Prenosov: 6
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12.
Cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition with the TALE fluorescence detector
T. Abu-Zayyad, R. U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, M. Allen, Yasuhiko Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2023, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: The Telescope Array (TA) cosmic rays detector located in the State of Utah in the United States is the largest ultra high energy cosmic rays detector in the northern hemisphere. The Telescope Array Low Energy Extension (TALE) fluorescence detector (FD) was added to TA in order to lower the detector's energy threshold, and has succeeded in measuring the cosmic rays energy spectrum down to PeV energies, by making use of the direct Cherenkov light produced by air showers. In this contribution we present the results of a measurement of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum and mass composition using TALE FD data collected over a period of ∼8 years. This contribution provides an update to results on the cosmic-ray energy spectrum and mass composition presented at this conference in 2021. The update includes data collected during 16 additional months of observation and an updated detector simulation sets.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, TALE, low energy extension, indirect detection, hybrid detection
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.10.2023; Ogledov: 498; Prenosov: 5
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13.
A study of the systematic effects on the energy scale for the measurement of UHECR spectrum by the TA SD array
Keitaro Fujita, R. U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Yasuhiko Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2023, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: We evaluated the systematic deviation of energy scales for the energy spectrum of the highest energy cosmic rays observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector array due to differences in atmospheric fluorescence yield and missing energy estimation. The energy dependence on the energy scales is also investigated and observationally confirmed by the constant intensity cut method analysis. The results of these studies will be presented.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, indirect detection, surface detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, fluorescence yield, missing energy, systematics
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.10.2023; Ogledov: 606; Prenosov: 4
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14.
Measurement of the Proton-Air Cross Section with Telescope Arrays Black Rock, Long Ridge, and Surface Array in Hybrid Mode.
R. Abbasi, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) detectors have been reporting on the proton-air cross section measurement beyond the capability of particle accelerators since 1984. The knowledge of this fundamental particle property is vital for our understanding of high energy particle interactions and could possibly hold the key to new physics. The data used in this work was collected over eight years using the hybrid events of Black Rock (BR) and Long Ridge (LR) fluorescence detectors as well as the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD). The proton-air cross section is determined at s√=73~TeV by fitting the exponential tail of the Xmax distribution of these events. The proton-air cross section is then inferred from the exponential tail fit and from the most updated high energy interaction models. σ^inel_p−air is observed to be 520.1±35.8 [Stat.] +25.3−42.9 [Sys.] mb. This is the second proton-air cross section work reported by the Telescope Array collaboration.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, Xmax, proton-air cross-section, high energy particle interaction
Objavljeno v RUNG: 04.10.2023; Ogledov: 607; Prenosov: 4
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15.
Observation of Variations in Cosmic Ray Shower Rates During Thunderstorms and Implications for Large-Scale Electric Field Changes
R. Abbasi, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: This work presents the first observation by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) of the effect of thunderstorms on the development of the cosmic ray showers. Observations of variations in the cosmic ray showers, using the TASD, allows us to study the electric field inside thunderstorms on a large scale without dealing with all the limitation of narrow exposure in time and space using balloons and aircraft detectors. In this work, observations of variations in the cosmic ray shower intensity (ΔN/N) using the TASD, was studied and found to be on average at the (1−2)% level. These observations where found to be both negative and positive in polarity. They were found to be correlated with lightning but also with thunderstorms. The size of the footprint of these variations on the ground ranged from (4-24) km in diameter and lasted for 10s of minutes. Dependence of (ΔN/N) on the electric field inside thunderstorms, in this work, is derived from CORSIKA simulations.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, indirect detection, surface detection, ground array, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, shower profile, lightning, atmospheric electric fields
Objavljeno v RUNG: 04.10.2023; Ogledov: 488; Prenosov: 5
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16.
Cosmic Ray Composition in the Second Knee Region as Measured by the TALE Hybrid Detector
R. Abbasi, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: The Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) experiment is a hybrid air shower detector for the observation of air showers induced by cosmic rays with energy above 10^16 eV. The TALE detector consists of a Fluorescence Detector (FD) station with 10 FD telescopes located at the TA Middle Drum FD Station (itself made up of 14 FD telescopes), and a Surface Detector (SD) array made up of 80 scintillation counters, including 40 with 400 m spacing and 40 with 600 m spacing. A triggering system for the TALE-SD using an external trigger from the TALE-FD, a so-called hybrid trigger, allows for a lower energy threshold. The TALE hybrid trigger system has been working since 2018. Here we present an estimate of the performance of hybrid detection using a Monte Carlo simulation, and a first measurement of the cosmic ray composition and spectrum using the TALE-Hybrid detector.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, TALE, low energy extension, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, cerenkov light, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.10.2023; Ogledov: 593; Prenosov: 5
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17.
Highlights from the Telescope Array experiment
Grigory I. Rubtsov, R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Yasuhiko Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci (vabljeno predavanje)

Opis: The Telescope Array (TA) is the largest cosmic ray observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. It is designed to measure the properties of cosmic rays over a wide range of energies. TA with it's low energy extension (TALE) observe cosmic-ray induced extensive air showers between 2 PeV and 100 EeV in hybrid mode using multiple instruments, including an array of scintillator detectors at the Earth's surface and telescopes to measure the fluorescence and Cerenkov light. The statistics at the highest energies is being enhanced with the ongoing construction of the TAx4 experiment which will quadruple the surface area of the detector. We review the present status of the experiments and most recent physics results on the cosmic ray anisotropy, chemical composition and energy spectrum. Notable highlights include a new feature in the energy spectrum at about 10^19.2 eV, and a new clustering of events in the direction of Perseus-Pisces supercluster above this energy. We also report on updated diffuse photon flux limits and new spectrum and composition results in the lower energy range from the TALE extension.
Ključne besede: Telescope Array, TALE, low energy extension, TAx4, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, Cherenkov light, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition, anisotropy
Objavljeno v RUNG: 26.09.2023; Ogledov: 601; Prenosov: 5
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18.
Search for large-scale anisotropy on arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays observed with the telescope array experiment
R. U. Abbasi, Mitsuhiro Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Motivated by the detection of a significant dipole structure in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above 8 EeV reported by the Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger), we search for a large-scale anisotropy using data collected with the surface detector array of the Telescope Array Experiment (TA). With 11 yr of TA data, a dipole structure in a projection of the R.A. is fitted with an amplitude of 3.3% ± 1.9% and a phase of 131° ± 33°. The corresponding 99% confidence-level upper limit on the amplitude is 7.3%. At the current level of statistics, the fitted result is compatible with both an isotropic distribution and the dipole structure reported by Auger.
Ključne besede: cosmic rays, ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, cosmic ray sources, cosmic ray showers, cosmic ray detectors, cosmic ray astronomy, extragalactic astronomy
Objavljeno v RUNG: 05.02.2021; Ogledov: 2308; Prenosov: 0
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19.
Evidence for a supergalactic structure of magnetic deflection multiplets of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
R. U. Abbasi, Mitsuhiro Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Evidence for a large-scale supergalactic cosmic-ray multiplet (arrival directions correlated with energy) structure is reported for ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) energies above 1019 eV using 7 years of data from the Telescope Array (TA) surface detector and updated to 10 years. Previous energy–position correlation studies have made assumptions regarding magnetic field shapes and strength, and UHECR composition. Here the assumption tested is that, because the supergalactic plane is a fit to the average matter density of the local large-scale structure, UHECR sources and intervening extragalactic magnetic fields are correlated with this plane. This supergalactic deflection hypothesis is tested by the entire field-of-view (FOV) behavior of the strength of intermediate-scale energy–angle correlations. These multiplets are measured in spherical cap section bins (wedges) of the FOV to account for coherent and random magnetic fields. The structure found is consistent with supergalactic deflection, the previously published energy spectrum anisotropy results of the TA (the Hotspot and Coldspot), and toy-model simulations of a supergalactic magnetic sheet. The seven year data posttrial significance of this supergalactic structure of multiplets appearing by chance, on an isotropic sky, is found by Monte Carlo simulation to be 4.2σ. The 10 years of data posttrial significance is 4.1σ. Furthermore, the starburst galaxy M82 is shown to be a possible source of the TA Hotspot, and an estimate of the supergalactic magnetic field using UHECR measurements is presented.
Ključne besede: extragalactic magnetic fields, ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, cosmic rays, high energy astrophysics, astrophysical magnetism, cosmic ray astronomy, cosmic ray sources
Objavljeno v RUNG: 05.02.2021; Ogledov: 2416; Prenosov: 125
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20.
Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array's Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors, and surface array in hybrid mode
R. U. Abbasi, Mitsuhiro Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, Douglas R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Ultra high energy cosmic rays provide the highest known energy source in the universe to measure proton cross sections. Though conditions for collecting such data are less controlled than an accelerator environment, current generation cosmic ray observatories have large enough exposures to collect significant statistics for a reliable measurement for energies above what can be attained in the lab. Cosmic ray measurements of cross section use atmospheric calorimetry to measure depth of air shower maximum (Xmax), which is related to the primary particle’s energy and mass. The tail of the Xmax distribution is assumed to be dominated by showers generated by protons, allowing measurement of the inelastic proton-air cross section. In this work the proton-air inelastic cross section measurement, σ_inel_p−air, using data observed by Telescope Array’s Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors and surface detector array in hybrid mode is presented. σ_inel_p−air is observed to be 520.1 ± 35.8 [Stat.] +25.0 −40 [Sys.] mb at √s = 73 TeV. The total proton-proton cross section is subsequently inferred from Glauber formalism and is found to be σ_tot_pp = 139.4 +23.4−21.3[Stat.] +15.0−24.0[Sys.] mb.
Ključne besede: cosmic rays, astroparticles, proton-air cross section
Objavljeno v RUNG: 04.02.2021; Ogledov: 2274; Prenosov: 0
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