1. A sublexicon approach to the paradigm cell filling problem : lecture at the 5th American International Morphology Meeting, 29. 8. 2021, on-lineGuy Tabachnick, 2001, prispevek na konferenci brez natisa Opis: How do learners figure out an inflected form of a word when they haven’t seen it before and a language allows for more than one option? In some cases, learners can make generalizations about a word’s phonological form (e.g. English verbs ending in [ɪŋ] like sting often have past tenses with [ʌŋ]). In others, as Ackerman et al. (2009) and Ackerman and Malouf (2013) show, knowing some of a word’s inflected forms often allows one to efficiently solve the Paradigm Cell Filling Problem—that is, predicting an additional form. They argue for a morphological model in which the paradigm is a fundamental unit of structure.
I propose a model for how learners may use some forms of a word to predict others outside a paradigm-based formal system. In particular, I extend the sublexicon model (Gouskova et al., 2015; Becker and Gouskova, 2016), used for capturing phonological generalizations, to include dependencies between morphophonological behaviors. This can account for Hungarian possessive allomorphy, in which a noun’s choice of possessive suffix can be substantially, but not entirely, predicted both by its phonological characteristics and its membership in a certain morphological class. Ključne besede: lexically specified allomorphy, rules of exponence, Paradigm Cell Filling Problem, sublexicons, morphological learning Objavljeno v RUNG: 04.03.2024; Ogledov: 1260; Prenosov: 4 Povezava na datoteko Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
2. Paradigm uniformity in Czech prefix vocalizationGuy Tabachnick, 2019, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: The nature of inflectional paradigms in morphology is controversial, with some (e.g. Bobaljik, 2008) arguing that some supposed paradigmatic effects are instead due to morphosyntactic properties. I look at Czech prefix vocalization, a phenomenon in which consonant-final prefixes sometimes require a vowel (in Czech, this is always [ɛ]) at their end when attaching to a root. I analyze it as morphophonologically driven epenthesis and show that it overapplies across an inflectional paradigm, arguing that the paradigm is a meaningful linguistic unit. I account for prefix vocalization with Optimal Paradigms (McCarthy, 2005). Ključne besede: Czech, prefix vocalization, paradigm uniformity, verbal morphology, allomorphy Objavljeno v RUNG: 04.03.2024; Ogledov: 1277; Prenosov: 5 Povezava na datoteko Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
3. Categorical Perception of a vowel contrast in native speakers and second language learners.Alessandra Zappoli, 2022, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: The perceptual space of a speaker is shaped in infancy according to the phonological inventory of the L1. Phonological categories correlate with Categorical Perception (CP) and Perceptual Magnet (PM) effects, lowering the discrimination rate between the same category’s sounds and increasing it at the Category Boundaries (Liberman et al., 1967; Kuhl et al., 1992).
Second Language (L2) learning in adulthood requires creating new categories, some overlapping with the existing ones. When L2 and L1 categories overlap, the PM and CP effects might block the creation of the target L2 sounds, linked to Foreign Accented speech.
In this study, I investigate with the CP paradigm, the categorization, and discrimination of two German words: ʃɔːn] (‘already’) vs. [ʃøːn] (‘beautiful’) distinguished by a vowel contrast existing in German but not in Italian. I tested: i) 20 L1 speakers of German (L1); 34 L2 learners of German, L1 speakers of Italian – ii) 14 exposed to native speech (Tandem); iii) 18 not exposed to it; iv) 20 L1 speakers of Italian (Naïve). The oddball discrimination task presented the stimuli in 6 orders: AAB, ABA, ABB, BAA, BAB, BBA. L2 learners performed the LEXTALE in German (Lemhöfer & Broersma, 2012).
Results show that the categorization and discrimination performance linearly increase with language proficiency. Categorization only correlates with LEXTALE. Exposure to native speech is relevant. The presence of CP - as classically reported in the literature - is affected by the order of presentation of the stimuli in the oddball paradigm, emerging with BAB, ABA, BBA orders. Ključne besede: vowel categorization, speech categorization, naive listeners, native speakers, L2 learners, categorical perception paradigm, perceptual space Objavljeno v RUNG: 30.08.2022; Ogledov: 2397; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
4. Regular and honorary membership: on two kinds of deverbal nouns in Serbo-CroatianMarko Simonović, Boban Arsenijević, 2014, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Serbo-Croatian deverbal nouns in -VV.je show a striking dichotomy along three apparently unrelated dimensions - productivity, semantic transparency and prosodic faithfulness to the base. Nominalisations from imperfective verbs display full productivity, semantic transparency, and a prosodic pattern attested in the paradigm of the verb. Those from perfective verbs are derived only from a subset of S-C perfective verbs, semantically non-transparent, and display a prosodic pattern unattested in the paradigm of the verb. We argue that this match across different dimensions has a role in delimiting the domain of the paradigm of the verbal lexeme, and, consequently, in delimiting the verbal domain. We show that a prosodic pattern different from all the patterns attested in the verb's paradigm marks that the morphological complex containing the stem of the verb is a new separate lexeme. Our analysis has consequences for the theory of paradigms. We employ Lexical Conservatism (Steriade 1997) to model different levels of relatedness in the lexicon, making clear predictions on how forms converge and diverge overtime. Our model derives a coconut-like architecture of the lexicon, whose soft core contains paradigmatic derivations, and the outer layers involve the domains of increasingly constrained productivity, idiosyncratic semantics and new prosodic shapes. Ključne besede: Deverbal Nominalisations, Lexical Conservatism, Paradigm, Productivity, Prosodic Faithfulness, Semantic Transparency.
Link do revije: https://www.rivisteweb.it/doi/10.1418/78407# Objavljeno v RUNG: 07.02.2018; Ogledov: 4679; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |