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Determination of biogenic amine-forming potential of naturally occuring lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from the grapes of Vitis vinifera cv. Refošk grape variety
Jelena Topić, Lorena Butinar, Martina Bergant Marušič, Dorota Korte, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, 2020, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: Biogenic amines are naturally occurring compounds that have been reported in variety of food, such as fish, meat, cheese, vegetables, and wines. When biogenic amines are formed by microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) they may have adverse effect on human health. The most common biogenic amines found in foodstuff are histamine, tyramine, putrescine and cadaverine. LAB are used as starters in the production of several foods and beverages. In wines they are used in malolactic fermentation, where the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid occurs. The aim of this work was to determine biogenic amine-forming capacity of indigenous LAB strains isolated from grapes which were PCR positive and screening medium positive for biogenic amines. Three methods for the confirmation of LAB biogenic amine-forming potential were developed and compared: HPLC-DAD and TLC methods both using derivatization agent dansyl chloride and enzymatic method using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and diamine oxidase (DAO) enzymes. The applicability of methods was tested on the three known biogenic amine-producing LAB strains: 0006, 9809, 9906 (IOEB, France). The limit of detection (LOD) of the methods was <1 mg/L for HPLC-DAD, 5 mg/L for TLC and 25 mg/L for enzymatic method. Although the LODs between the proposed methods differed, all of the three methods confirmed BA-forming potential of the three strains. Furthermore, the proposed methods were applied for the analysis of three indigenous strains: MKBT-282 (BA+), MKBT-307 (BA-) and MKBT-325 (BA+). The positive or negative BA-forming potential was confirmed with all of the three proposed methods.
Ključne besede: lactic acid bacteria, biogenic amines, histamine, grape
Objavljeno v RUNG: 10.07.2020; Ogledov: 2907; Prenosov: 0
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Occurence of biogenic amine - producing lactic acid bacteria in Refošk grape and wine
Jelena Topić Božič, Jan Reščič, Martina Bergant Marušič, Darja Lisjak, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Lorena Butinar, 2019, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are naturally present in grapes, musts and wines. During malolactic fermentation, besides the beneficial conversion of L-malic to L-lactic acid, LAB can form also other compounds like biogenic amines (BAs). BAs are formed through decarboxylation of corresponding amino acids, through the action of enzymes. Consumption of food containing BAs can lead to food poisoning such as histamine poisoning. Histamine, the most studied BA, is known to cause headaches, oedema, vomiting. In the last years, BAs associated pathways have been described as strain dependent and not as species dependent. Because of the high variability of microorganisms to decarboxylase amino acids, the detection of bacteria that have the possibility to transform precursor amino acid into BAs is very important in order to estimate the risk of BAs accumulation in wines. Since in previous years during project AGROTUR I we detected the higher BA content in some wines, we decided to focus on the presence of BA-producing LAB in Refošk grapes and wines. Therefore, during AGROTUR II project LAB collection of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria was set-up by isolating LAB from Refošk grapes and wines, originated from the grape growing cross-border region Karst (Slovenia). Over 600 isolates were obtained using MRS medium with added cycloheximide and 2% tomato juice. In parallel, also selective enrichment was performed using MRS medium described above with additionally added 5% ethanol. BA-producing LAB were primarily detected in microtiter-plate format using the decarboxylase screening medium with added amino acids (histidine, lysine, ornithine or tyrosine), which enable us to identify histamine-, cadaverine-, ornithine and tyrosine-producing LAB. Selected representatives from each BA-producing LAB groups were further on confirmed with chromatographic analysis (HPLC) and molecular methods (multiplex PCR method). BA-producing LAB were in majority represented by thyramin-producers, thereafter followed cadaverine-producers, with putrescine and histamine producers being the least presented. This screening of the BA-producing LAB is also incorporated in our on-going accurate selection of LAB starters for potential production of Refošk wines.
Ključne besede: biogenic amines, lactic acid bacteria, refošk, grape, wine
Objavljeno v RUNG: 22.01.2020; Ogledov: 3250; Prenosov: 0
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Controlling grape aromatic maturity in the context of global warming
Guillaume Antalick, Katja Suklje, vabljeno predavanje na konferenci brez natisa

Ključne besede: Wine style, grape maturity, berry shrivelling, berry sugar loading, fresh mass, sequential harvest
Objavljeno v RUNG: 19.09.2018; Ogledov: 3089; Prenosov: 0
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Polyphenol, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of six different white and red wine grape processing leftovers : /
Kajetan Trošt, Anja Klančnik, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Melita Sternad Lemut, Katja Jug, Peter Raspor, Sonja Smole Možina, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: BACKGROUND During winemaking, grape polyphenols are only partly extracted, and consequently unexploited. The main aim was to characterise the phenolic content of freeze-dried grape skin and seed (FDSS) extracts obtained from Slovenian and international grape varieties and evaluate their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-adhesive activities. RESULTS FDSS of six Vitis vinifera L. grapevine cultivars from Vipava Valley region (Slovenia) underwent extraction and sonification under different conditions. Flavonols were the predominant content of extracts from white ‘Zelen’ and ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ grape varieties, with strong antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria. ‘Pinot Noir’ FDSS extracted with 50% aqueous ethanol extraction produced a high phenolic content in the final extract, which was further associated with strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against all tested bacteria. Bacterial adhesion to stainless steel surfaces with minimal and maximal surface roughness was significantly inhibited (up to 60%) across a wide FDSS concentration range, with lower concentrations also effective with two types of stainless steel surfaces. CONCLUSION FDSS extracts from winery by-products show interesting phenolic profiles that include flavonols, catechins, anthocyanins, and hydroxycinnamic acids, with yields influenced by grapevine cultivar and extraction conditions. The antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities of 50% aqueous ethanol ‘Pinot Noir’ FDSS extract reveals potential applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for these bioactive residues.
Ključne besede: grape skins and seeds, extraction solvents, phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, anti-adhesion activity to stainless steel
Objavljeno v RUNG: 08.08.2016; Ogledov: 5028; Prenosov: 0
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