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1.
A multi-level approach to the analysis of narrative language in aphasia
Andrea Marini, Sara Andreetta, Silvana Del Tin, Sergio Carlomagno, 2011, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Several studies have shown that traditional standardised aphasia tests may not be sensitive enough to adequately assess linguistic deficits and recovery patterns in persons with aphasia. As a result, both functional and structural methods for the ana- lysis of connected language samples from people with aphasia have been devised (see Armstrong, 2000; Prins & Bastiaanse, 2004). The present article focuses on our attempt to provide a comprehensive, multi-level procedure for both structural and functional analysis of narrative discourse produced by speakers with brain damage. Accordingly, we will describe a method for analysis of connected language samples elicited on single picture and cartoon story description tasks. This method has proven sensitive in the assessment of language deficits in many neurogenic populations. A comprehensive description of the language production sys- tem, a thorough discussion of the different approaches to discourse analysis in persons with aphasia, and the procedure for the analysis of narrative discourse are detailed. The characteristics of the eliciting stimuli, the procedures for their administration and the transcription of the language samples are carefully explained. The analysis focuses on four main aspects of linguistic processing: productivity, lexical and grammatical pro- cessing, narrative organisation, and informativeness. To further illustrate the analytic procedure, two case reports and an appendix with the analysis of a narrative sample are provided. We will provide direct evidence of the usefulness of the multi-level procedure for discourse analysis for assessing changes in discourse performance of two persons with fluent aphasia, with different aetiologies, that were not captured by tradi- tional standardised aphasia tests. The method of analysis presented in this paper has strong grounds in linguistic and psychological theories of linguistic structure and functioning. It also has the advantage of being both quantitative and functional as it captures selective aspects of linguistic processing, and can provide relevant information about the person's communicative and informative skills.
Ključne besede: aphasia, language, narrative analysis
Objavljeno v RUNG: 07.03.2016; Ogledov: 4312; Prenosov: 1
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2.
Patterns of impairment of narrative language in mild traumatic brain injury
Valentina Galetto, Sara Andreetta, Marina Zettin, Andrea Marini, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents a condition whose cognitive and behavioral sequelae are often underestimated, even when it exerts a profound impact on the patients’ every-day life. The present study aimed to analyze the features of narrative discourse impairment in a group of adults with mTBI. 10 mTBI non-aphasic speakers (GCS > 13) and 13 neurologically intact participants were recruited for the experiment. Their cognitive, linguistic and narrative skills were thoroughly assessed. The group of mTBIs exhibited normal phonological, lexical and grammatical skills. However, their narratives were characterized by the pres- ence of frequent interruptions of ongoing utterances, derailments and extraneous utterances that at times made their discourse vague and ambiguous. They produced more errors of global coherence [F (1; 21)1⁄424.242; p1⁄4.000; h2p1⁄40. 536] and fewer Lexical Information Units [F (1; 21) 1⁄4 7.068; p 1⁄4 .015; h2p 1⁄4 .252]. The errors of global coherence correlated negatively with non- perseverative errors on the WCST (r 1⁄4 1⁄4.755; p < .012). The mac- rolinguistic problems made their narrative samples less informa- tive than those produced by the group of control participants. These disturbances may reflect a deficit at the interface between cognitive and linguistic processing rather than a specific linguistic disturbance. These findings suggest that also persons with mild forms of TBI may experience linguistic disturbances that may hamper the quality of their every-day life.
Ključne besede: mild traumatic brain injury, narrative analysis, neurolinguistics, neuropsychology
Objavljeno v RUNG: 07.03.2016; Ogledov: 4671; Prenosov: 1
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