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11.
Two arguments for the Performative Hypothesis : lecture at the Universität Göttingen, 22. 6. 2023
Tue Trinh, 2023, predavanje na tuji univerzi

Ključne besede: performatives, pronouns, speech acts
Objavljeno v RUNG: 10.01.2025; Ogledov: 248; Prenosov: 0
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12.
Three ways of referring to discourse participants in Vietnamese
Tue Trinh, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: This note discusses the fact that in Vietnamese, speakers and hearers can refer to themselves by pronouns, proper names, or relational nouns. This makes Vietnamese different from English and many other languages which require discourse participants to refer to themselves by pronouns only. We sketch an account for this difference which involves a syntactically represented speech act level, a parameterization of Rule I with respect to its candidate set, and a well-formedness principle concerning the structure of bound nominals.
Ključne besede: pronouns, names, binding, speech acts
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.01.2025; Ogledov: 244; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (366,81 KB)
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13.
Certainly but not certain : the expression of subjective and objective probability
Kazuko Yatsushiro, Tue Trinh, Marzena Żygis, Stephanie Solt, Anton Benz, Manfred Krifka, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: This paper investigates the interpretation of the epistemic modal adjectives possible, certain and their adverbial counterparts possibly, certainly, taking the perspective that the former express objective modality, whereas the latter express subjective modality. In support of this view, we report on two experiments that assess speakers’ acceptance of possible, certain, possibly, certainly in different contexts. Our results extend those of Lassiter (2016) in demonstrating a difference in interpretation between the adjectival and adverbial modals, with possibly less acceptable than possible but conversely certainly more acceptable than certain in the same situations. Furthermore, the results of our experiments suggest a new insight, namely that these differences depend, to some extent, on the probability of the eventuality in question and polarity of the prejacent sentence.
Ključne besede: modals, adjectives, adverbs, probability, speech acts
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.01.2025; Ogledov: 277; Prenosov: 3
.pdf Celotno besedilo (3,45 MB)
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14.
Excursive questions
Tue Trinh, Itai Bassi, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: We present novel observations about types of questions which occur quite frequently in natural discourse but which have so far remained unanalyzed. These are questions about a question act. We then propose an account which derives the observations. Our account relies crucially on the assumption that speech acts are grammatically represented.
Ključne besede: questions, speech acts, performative hypothesis
Objavljeno v RUNG: 09.01.2025; Ogledov: 334; Prenosov: 2
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15.
A note on speech act recursion
Tue Trinh, 2024, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Opis: I present novel observations about iterated questions, i.e. questions about questions, and propose an analysis. The conclusions I argue for are the following: (i) speech acts are represented in the grammar; (ii) speech act recursion is possible but is limited to at most two levels; (ii) declarative questions are questions about an assertion act. I also show that assuming speech acts in the grammar can help systematize some puzzling differences between matrix and embedded sentences with respect to their pronunciation.
Ključne besede: questions, speech acts, recursion, performative hypothesis
Objavljeno v RUNG: 08.01.2025; Ogledov: 326; Prenosov: 0
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16.
Prosody and discourse structure in native and second language : hands on research using PRAAT
Alessandra Zappoli, 2022, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: This course focuses on the interplay between the speech sciences and the cognitive sciences, addressing the processing and acquisition of prosodic contours in Second Language (L2) Learning. We will introduce the theoretical framework of Autosegmental Metric Theory of Intonation and ToBI annotation, and we will cover the key notions of signal processing and speech analysis with a hands-on-research practical session, adopting the open-source software PRAAT. Furthermore, we will present studies targeting the cross-linguistic production of prosodic contours, focusing on the production of native speakers and L2 learners. Finally, we will address the behavioral and neurophysiological cognitive studies on the auditory processing of prosodic contours, targeting native speakers and L2 learners, and targeting the linguistic and paralinguistic function of pitch in speech. It is suggested to have a laptop and headphones, and to download the software PRAAT at one of the following links: windows: http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/download_win.html macintosh: http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/download_mac.html linux: http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/download_linux.html
Ključne besede: speech, cognitive sciences, PRAAT, prosody, second language acquisition, autosegmental metric theory of intonation, hands-on research, multilingualism
Objavljeno v RUNG: 30.08.2022; Ogledov: 2266; Prenosov: 9
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17.
Categorical Perception of a vowel contrast in native speakers and second language learners.
Alessandra Zappoli, 2022, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Opis: The perceptual space of a speaker is shaped in infancy according to the phonological inventory of the L1. Phonological categories correlate with Categorical Perception (CP) and Perceptual Magnet (PM) effects, lowering the discrimination rate between the same category’s sounds and increasing it at the Category Boundaries (Liberman et al., 1967; Kuhl et al., 1992). Second Language (L2) learning in adulthood requires creating new categories, some overlapping with the existing ones. When L2 and L1 categories overlap, the PM and CP effects might block the creation of the target L2 sounds, linked to Foreign Accented speech. In this study, I investigate with the CP paradigm, the categorization, and discrimination of two German words: ʃɔːn] (‘already’) vs. [ʃøːn] (‘beautiful’) distinguished by a vowel contrast existing in German but not in Italian. I tested: i) 20 L1 speakers of German (L1); 34 L2 learners of German, L1 speakers of Italian – ii) 14 exposed to native speech (Tandem); iii) 18 not exposed to it; iv) 20 L1 speakers of Italian (Naïve). The oddball discrimination task presented the stimuli in 6 orders: AAB, ABA, ABB, BAA, BAB, BBA. L2 learners performed the LEXTALE in German (Lemhöfer & Broersma, 2012). Results show that the categorization and discrimination performance linearly increase with language proficiency. Categorization only correlates with LEXTALE. Exposure to native speech is relevant. The presence of CP - as classically reported in the literature - is affected by the order of presentation of the stimuli in the oddball paradigm, emerging with BAB, ABA, BBA orders.
Ključne besede: vowel categorization, speech categorization, naive listeners, native speakers, L2 learners, categorical perception paradigm, perceptual space
Objavljeno v RUNG: 30.08.2022; Ogledov: 2614; Prenosov: 0
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18.
Prosodia e Foreign Accent - Prosody and Foreign Accent : Prominenza accentuale e deaccentazione in Italiano e Tedesco come lingue seconde
Alessandra Zappoli, 2012, magistrsko delo

Opis: This thesis investigates the production and acquisition of prosodic contours in Italian learners of German, and German learners of Italian as second languages (L2). The thesis compares speech production in L2 with speech production in the native language (L1). The goal is to verify whether the speech production in L2 is affected by Transfer phenomena that are linked to the phonological properties of the L1. The thesis also tests, in light of the Markedness Differential Hypothesis, whether the direction of acquisition - the acquisition of German as L2, being an L1 speaker of Italian vs. the acquisition of Italian as L2, being an L1 speaker of German – can predict a production in L2 connotated by Foreign Accent (FA). The thesis describes: i) the current state of the art of acquisitional theories of an L2 in adulthood; ii) the theoretical description of the patterns of prosodic prominence in Italian and German within the Autosegmental Theory of Intonation framework; iii) the interaction of the phonological structure with the Information Packaging of the Discourse Structure that differently affects the realization of prosodic patterns in Germanic and Romance languages. Finally, the thesis reports the preliminary results of a production experiment that adopts the paradigm of Swerts et. al (2002) in which participants utter a sequence of Noun-Phrases composed by a Noun and Adjective in which the Information Status rotates between the conditions of New, Given, and Contrastive information. The data highlight the presence of H+L* as the most frequently used Pitch Accent in the production of Italian speakers, that emerges also in the production of the German L2 speakers of Italian; in contrast, the data show the presence of Deaccentuation in the production of L1 speakers of German in correlation with the Given information status of a referent that is not successfully acquired by Italian L1 speakers of German as L2. The data indicate that it appears to be easier to successfully acquire the Italian prosodic system, being a native speaker of German, than vice-versa, supporting the MDH. The facilitatory effect is explainable by the less relevant role of the Discourse Structure in guiding the prominence patterns in Italian, which more heavily relies on the phonological structure, resulting in a less marked prosodic system compared to the prosodic system of German.
Ključne besede: pitch accents, prosody, foreign accent, prominence, second language acquisition, german, Italian, markedness, speech production
Objavljeno v RUNG: 06.12.2021; Ogledov: 3084; Prenosov: 0
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19.
Indirect speech acts in high functioning autism.
Eleonora Marocchini, Simona Di Paola, Greta Mazzaggio, Filippo Domaneschi, prispevek na konferenci brez natisa

Ključne besede: autism, speech acts, requests
Objavljeno v RUNG: 23.09.2021; Ogledov: 2670; Prenosov: 0
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20.
Understanding indirect requests for information in high-functioning autism
Eleonora Marocchini, Simona Di Paola, Greta Mazzaggio, Filippo Domaneschi, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Opis: Few works have addressed the processing of indirect requests in High-Functioning Autism (HFA), and results are conflicting. Some studies report HFA individuals’ difficulties in indirect requests comprehension; others suggest that it might be preserved in HFA. Furthermore, the role of Theory of Mind in understanding indirect requests is an open issue. The goal of this work is twofold: first, assessing whether comprehension of indirect requests for information is preserved in HFA; second, exploring whether mind-reading skills predict this ability. We tested a group of (n = 14; 9–12 years) HFA children and two groups of younger (n = 19; 5–6 years) and older (n = 28; 9–12 years) typically developing (TD) children in a semi-structured task involving direct, indirect and highly indirect requests for information. Results suggested that HFA can understand indirect and highly indirect requests, as well as TD children. Yet, while Theory of Mind skills seem to enhance older TD children understanding, this is not the case for HFA children. Therefore, interestingly, they could rely on different interpretative strategies.
Ključne besede: autism, indirect requests, speech acts, pragamtics
Objavljeno v RUNG: 22.09.2021; Ogledov: 2568; Prenosov: 0
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