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2. Lactic acid bacteria and Brettanomyces bruxellensis in Teran wine : impact on biogenic amines and volatile phenolsTatjana Radovanović Vukajlović, Shanique Walker, Julija Šupljika, Mitja Martelanc, Jan Reščič, Melita Sternad Lemut, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Dejan Bavčar, Klemen Lisjak, Lorena Butinar, 2025, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the main microorganisms involved in wine production, responsible for alcoholic fermentation and malolactic fermentation (MLF), respectively. During MLF, LAB convert L-malic acid into L-lactic acid, which primarily leads to biological deacidification but also results in changes to the wine’s aroma and microbiological stability. While LAB generally improve wine quality, certain strains can cause spoilage and are linked to the production of biogenic amines (BAs)—nitrogenous compounds such as histamine, tyramine, and putrescine. At elevated levels, BAs may pose health risks, especially for sensitive individuals, potentially causing headaches, hypertension, and digestive issues. Likewise, the yeast Dekkera/ Brettanomyces bruxellensis is considered a spoilage organism due to its ability to produce volatile phenolic compounds (e.g., 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-ethylphenol), which impart off-flavors resembling bandages, sweat, and smoke. As part of the AGROTUR+ project, we monitored LAB and B. bruxellensis populations, as well as BA and volatile phenol content, during MLF in Teran - a protected wine made from Refošk grapes in the Karst wine-producing region. The goal was to assess the presence of spoilage-related compounds and support improvements in microbiological quality of this traditional wine. A total of 26 Teran wine samples from the 2024 vintage were analyzed. Volatile phenols were analyzed using HS-SPME-GC-MS, and BAs were determined via HPLC–UV following sample derivatization. Basic quality physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods. LAB and B. bruxellensis populations were estimated through conventional microbiological techniques and flow cytometry. Regarding BA content, histamine was the most abundant (average 21.9 mg/L), followed by putrescine (3.7 mg/L) and cadaverine (1.6 mg/L). No correlation was observed between total LAB counts and BA levels, indicating the need for further analysis of LAB strain composition. For volatile phenols, 4-ethylphenol was found at concentrations below its sensory threshold (600 µg/L), while 4-ethylguaiacol exceeded its threshold (110 µg/L) in three samples. In these, B. bruxellensis was detected using the CyFlow™ BrettCount flow cytometry kit (Sysmex Partec), though no colonies were observed on selective Dekkera/Brettanomyces differential medium (DBDM). Flow cytometry proved to be a rapid and specific method for detecting spoilage yeasts like B. bruxellensis, with strong potential for early intervention and spoilage prevention in winemaking.
Ključne besede: lactic acid bacteria, biogenic amines, Teran
Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.06.2025; Ogledov: 50; Prenosov: 0
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3. Microbiological screening of dried fruits and table grape present on Slovenian marketTatjana Radovanović Vukajlović, Melitta Buzás, Anej Colja, Anuša Skušek, Katarina Mukhina, Laura Smolnikar Štrukelj, Valentina Ratoša, Sara Gregorc, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, Lorena Butinar, 2025, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Dried fruits are a popular snack due to their high fiber content, but their production may pose microbiological risks, due to the nature of the processing methods, which can allow various microorganisms and their metabolic byproducts to persist. Among these byproducts are mycotoxins—such as ochratoxin A, patulin, and griseofulvin—which are of particular concern due to their potentially harmful effects on human health (Shahidi (2013)). In this study, samples from raisins, dried apricots, and table grapes available on the Slovenian market were analyzed to assess microbial contamination and potential mycotoxin production. Dried fruits and table grape samples were inoculated on MEA, WL, and PDA media and incubated to isolate yeasts and moulds. Morphological identification was performed using CREA and CYA media. For mycotoxin screening, selected mould cultures were extracted and analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), with standards for ochratoxin A, patulin, and griseofulvin. TLC plates were examined under UV light at 254 nm and 365 nm wavelength. DNA from isolates was also extracted and sent for sequencing to confirm species identification. The results showed that Aspergillus spp. were the predominant moulds in raisin samples, while Penicillium spp. were isolated from table grapes and various yeast strains from dried apricots. TLC analysis suggested the presence of griseofulvin in Aspergillus isolates, and possible traces of patulin and ochratoxin A in Penicillium samples. These findings are consistent with literature data ((Narayana (2021), Tournas et al. (2015)) on typical contaminants of dried fruits. Future studies using quantitative methods such as HPLC are needed to confirm and measure mycotoxin concentrations.
Ključne besede: mycotoxins, dried fruits, Slovenian market
Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.06.2025; Ogledov: 45; Prenosov: 0
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4. Encoding hypercompositional structures through binary stringsEnrico Talotti, 2025, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: We propose a novel computational framework for implementing and analyzing hypercompositional structures using Boolean algebras and associated isomorphisms. This approach enables the representation of the hypercomposition table as integer valued matrices, facilitating their manipulation and structural analysis using native binary operations, such as AND, OR, and bit shifts, available in all modern programming languages. Our goal is to create a library written in Rust that enables the generation of algebraic hypercompositional structure, as well as the identification of some specific structure like (semi)hypergroups, transposition hypergroups, quasi-caonical and canonical hypergroups etc, and the investigation of the corresponding substructures. We also implement the identification of specific elements such as scalar elements, identities, scalar identities, etc.
Ključne besede: algebrai hypercompositional structures, Boolean algebras, algorithms
Objavljeno v RUNG: 13.06.2025; Ogledov: 237; Prenosov: 4
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7. Application of Chelex-100 and SPR-IDA resin in combination with the optimized beam deflection spectrometry for high sensitivity determination of iron species in sediment porewaterHanna Budasheva, Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Arne Bratkič, Dorota Korte, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: iron species, sediment porewater, diffusive gradients in thin film, resins, photothermal, beam deflection spectrometry
Objavljeno v RUNG: 12.06.2025; Ogledov: 333; Prenosov: 3
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8. Čezmejna didaktika čezmejne literature : predavanje na èStoria, XXI Festival Internazionale della Storia, Gorizia, 29 5. 2025Ana Toroš, 2025, prispevek na konferenci brez natisa Opis: Prispevek razpira sodobne izzive in predlaga možne izboljšave pri poučevanju literature na čezmejnih območjih, s poudarkom na čezmejnem slovensko-italijanskem območju.
Ključne besede: večjezičnost, večkulturnost, identiteta, Gorica, Trst, Videm, Istra
Objavljeno v RUNG: 11.06.2025; Ogledov: 371; Prenosov: 0
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9. O razvrščanju nikalnice v goriških govorihJaka Brezavšček, Franc Marušič, Nejc Pavlin, Rok Žaucer, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: V članku obravnavamo zahodnoslovensko ločevanje stavčne nikalnice od osebne glagolske oblike (npr. ... da ne slučajno zamudiš). Predstavljamo raziskavo, ki je z velikovzorčnim preverjanjem sprejemljivostnih sodb ugotavljala posplošenost pojava v različnih slovničnih vzorcih. Rezultati kažejo, da je pojav skladenjsko bolj posplošen, kot bi sledilo iz nekaterih omemb v literaturi. Sodbe zahodnoslovenskih govorcev so primerjane z osrednjeslovenskim vzorcem.
Ključne besede: zanikanje, nikalnica, osebna glagolska oblika, zahodna slovenščina
Objavljeno v RUNG: 11.06.2025; Ogledov: 345; Prenosov: 8
Celotno besedilo (1,98 MB)
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