41. On the Cost of Scalar Implicatures : An Eye-Tracking StudyGreta Mazzaggio, Anne Reboul, Chiara Caretta, Mélody Darblade, Jean-Baptiste van der Henst, Anne Cheylus, Penka Stateva, 2019, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: scalar implicature, reaction time, eye-tracking, sentence evaluation task
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.09.2019; Ogledov: 4387; Prenosov: 0
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42. Editorial: Scalar ImplicaturesAnne Reboul, Penka Stateva, 2019, drugi znanstveni članki Opis: In 1975, Grice introduced the notion of implicature, arguing that it was more appropriate to account for a class of apparent lexical ambiguities through pragmatic processes than by multiplying lexical meanings (Modified Ockham's razor: Do not multiply meanings beyond necessity; Grice, 1975). For the past 20 years, experimental approaches have superseded purely theoretical ones, with mixed results. Paradigms using verification tasks on infelicitous sentences, with rate of pragmatic answers and reaction time as measures, have generally concluded in favor of the post-Gricean views (Bott and Noveck, 2004; Noveck and Reboul, 2008). However, some recent studies discuss additional factors affecting implicature processing and have introduced new paradigms which suggest a different conclusion (Katsos and Bishop, 2011; Breheny et al., 2013; Degen and Tanenhaus, 2015; Foppolo and Marelli, 2017; Bill et al.; Jasbi et al.; Sikos et al.). In addition, current research has shown that lexical scales may play a role in the process in keeping with neo-Gricean views. This Frontiers topic is a collection of 12 contributions in experimental pragmatics focusing on different aspects of child and adult processing of implicatures, factors affecting their rate, relevance of testing paradigms, scale diversity, cross-linguistic differences, and variation in triggers.
Ključne besede: scalar implicature, experimental pragmatics, neo-Gricean pragmatics, post-Gricean pragmatics, grammatical theory of implicatures
Objavljeno v RUNG: 31.07.2019; Ogledov: 4652; Prenosov: 98
 Celotno besedilo (181,24 KB) |
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45. Quantifiers and pragmatic enrichmentPenka Stateva, vabljeno predavanje na konferenci brez natisa Opis: One of the most studied scales in the literature on scalar implicatures is the quantifier scale. While the truth of 'some' is entailed by the truth of 'all', 'some' is felicitous only when 'all' is false. This opens the possibility that 'some' would be felicitous if, e.g., almost all of the objects in the restriction of the quantifier have the property ascribed by the nuclear scope. This prediction from the standard theory of quantifier interpretation clashes with native speakers’ intuitions. In Experiment 1 we report a questionnaire study on the perception of quantifier meanings in English, French, Slovenian and German which points to a cross-linguistic variation with respect to the perception of numerical bounds of the existential quantifier. In Experiment 2, using a picture choice task, we further examine whether the numerical bound differences correlate with differences in pragmatic interpretations of the quantifier 'some' in English and 'quelques' in French and interpret the results as supporting our hypothesis that 'some' and its cross-linguistic counterparts are subjected to different processes of pragmatic enrichment.
Ključne besede: quantifier, cross-linguistic variation, experimental pragmatics, picture choice task
Objavljeno v RUNG: 15.05.2019; Ogledov: 4594; Prenosov: 0
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46. Cross-Linguistic Variation in the Meaning of Quantifiers : Implications for Pragmatic EnrichmentPenka Stateva, Arthur Stepanov, Viviane Déprez, Ludivine Dupuy, Anne Reboul, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: One of the most studied scales in the literature on scalar implicatures is the quantifier scale. While the truth of some is entailed by the truth of all, some is felicitous only when
all is false. This opens the possibility that some would be felicitous if, e.g., almost all of the objects in the restriction of the quantifier have the property ascribed by the nuclear scope. This prediction from the standard theory of quantifier interpretation clashes with native speakers’ intuitions. In Experiment 1 we report a questionnaire study on the perception of quantifier meanings in English, French, Slovenian, and German which points to a cross-linguistic variation with respect to the perception of numerical bounds
of the existential quantifier. In Experiment 2, using a picture choice task, we further examine whether the numerical bound differences correlate with differences in pragmatic
interpretations of the quantifier some in English and quelques in French and interpret the results as supporting our hypothesis that some and its cross-linguistic counterparts are
subjected to different processes of pragmatic enrichment.
Ključne besede: quantifier, numerical bound, scalar implicature, R/I-implicature, M-implicature
Objavljeno v RUNG: 15.05.2019; Ogledov: 4500; Prenosov: 174
Celotno besedilo (3,30 MB) |
47. Anomaly detection in processing of complex syntax by early L2 learnersArthur Stepanov, Sara Andreetta, Penka Stateva, Adam Zawiszewski, Itziar Laka, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: This study investigates the processing of long-distance syntactic dependencies by native speakers of Slovenian (L1) who are advanced learners of Italian as a second language (L2), compared with monolingual Italian speakers. Using a self-paced reading task, we compare sensitivity of the early-acquired L2 learners to syntactic anomalies in their L2 in two empirical domains: (1) syntactic islands, for which the learners’ L1 and L2 grammars provide a converging characterization, and (2) verb–clitic constructions, for which the respective L1 and L2 grammatical descriptions diverge. We find that although our L2 learners show native-like processing patterns in the former, converging, grammatical domain, they may nevertheless perform non-native-like with respect to syntactic phenomena in which the L1 and L2 grammars do not align, despite the early age of L2 acquisition. Implications for theories of L2 acquisition and endstate are discussed.
Ključne besede: bilingualism, clitic, Italian, sentence processing, Slovenian, syntactic island
Objavljeno v RUNG: 21.02.2019; Ogledov: 5046; Prenosov: 115
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49. ТЕОРЕТИЧНИ И ПСИХОЛИНГВИСТИЧНИ АСПЕКТИ НА БРОЙНАТА ФОРМА В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИКPetya Barkalova, Penka Stateva, Arthur Stepanov, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Статията съдържа преглед на произхода и употребата на бройната форма на съществителните в българския език. Представят се резултатите от експериментално проучване, включващо 49 участници, за които българският език е роден. То изследва ролята
на структурната дистанция между съгласуващите се категории в
рамките на именните конституенти, съдържащи числително. Разработката е продължение на изследователската програма
на Статева и Степанов (Stateva, Stepanov 2016), включваща корпусно изследване, в което се твърди, че структурното, а
не линейното разстояние влияе върху съотношението на грешките
при употребата на бройната форма. Въпреки че корпусното изследване установи като ясна отличителна черта ролята на структурното разстояние, текущият психолингвистичен експеримент не повтаря тези резултати. Предлагаме обяснение на резултатите, което взема предвид изчислителна сложност, натоварването на
работната памет и образователния статус на участниците.
Ključne besede: бройна форма, грешки в съгласуването, предписваща и описваща
граматика
Objavljeno v RUNG: 03.01.2019; Ogledov: 4112; Prenosov: 0
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50. Usvajanje načela maksimiziranja predpostavke v kontekstu slovenskih glagolov 'misliti' in 'vedeti'Manca Mušič, 2018, magistrsko delo Opis: Magistrsko delo se osredotoča na pragmatično načelo maksimiziranja predpostavke (Maximize Presupposition). Uporabljeni so bili rezultati eksperimentalne študije, ki je vključevala slovenska glagola misliti in vedeti. Glavni cilj raziskave je bil preveriti, pri kateri starosti je možno pri otrocih zaslediti poznavanje načela maksimiziranja predpostavke, njihovo zmožnost izračuna sklepov, ki jih načelo sproži, in izbire optimalne alternative. V eksperimentu sta sodelovali skupini otrok v starosti 5 in 7 let. Uporabljena metodologija in gradivo sta temeljila na referenčni študiji Stateve in drugih (2017), ki je proučevala vlogo dvojezičnosti na usvajanje načela. Rezultati magistrskega dela napeljujejo na obstoj razvojne osi usvajanja načela pred sedmim letom ter odpirajo vprašanja glede usvajanja faktivnega glagola vedeti pri petih letih.
Ključne besede: pragmatika, jezikoslovje, usvajanje jezika, psiholingvistika, slovenščina
Objavljeno v RUNG: 27.09.2018; Ogledov: 6406; Prenosov: 168
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