21. Estimating the Depth of Shower Maximum using the Surface Detectors of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryCarlos José Todero Peixoto, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Keywords: Pierre Auger Observatory, ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), extensive air showers, Auger Surface Detector (SD) array, depth
of shower maximum
Published in RUNG: 21.12.2020; Views: 3329; Downloads: 69
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22. The muon component of extensive air showers above 10[sup]17.5 eV measured with the Pierre Auger ObservatoryFederico Sánchez, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Keywords: ultra-high energy cosmic rays, Pierre Auger Observatory, extensive air showers, muon shower component
Published in RUNG: 29.11.2020; Views: 3775; Downloads: 0
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23. Studies on the response of a water-Cherenkov detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to atmospheric muons using an RPC hodoscopeA. Aab, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, Pierre Auger Observatory, water Cherenkov detectors, detector calibration, hodoscope-based calibration
Published in RUNG: 11.09.2020; Views: 4275; Downloads: 120
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24. Direct measurement of the muonic content of extensive air showers between 2 × 10[sup]17 and 2 × 10[sup]18 eV at the Pierre Auger ObservatoryA. Aab, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), extensive air showers, Pierre Auger Observatory, underground muon detectors, hybrid detection, muonic content in air showers
Published in RUNG: 24.08.2020; Views: 3756; Downloads: 75
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25. Air-Shower Reconstruction at the Pierre Auger Observatory based on Deep LearningJonas Glombitza, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Keywords: Pierre Auger Observatory, extensive air showers, event reconstruction, deep learning
Published in RUNG: 16.06.2020; Views: 3690; Downloads: 83
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26. Highlights from the Pierre Auger ObservatoryAntonella Castellina, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Keywords: ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, Pierre Auger Observatory
Published in RUNG: 16.06.2020; Views: 4609; Downloads: 108
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27. New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experimentH. Tokuno, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.
Keywords: Ultra high energy cosmic rays, Extensive air showers, Air fluorescence light detectors
Published in RUNG: 19.05.2020; Views: 3529; Downloads: 0
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28. Constraints on the diffuse photon flux with energies above 10^18 eV using the surface detector of the Telescope Array experimentR.U. Abbasi, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: We present the results of the search for ultra-high-energy photons with nine years of data from the Telescope Array surface detector. A multivariate classifier is built upon 16 reconstructed parameters of the extensive air shower. These parameters are related to the curvature and the width of the shower front, the steepness of the lateral distribution function, and the timing parameters of the waveforms sensitive to the shower muon content. A total number of two photon candidates found in the search is fully compatible with the expected background. The 95% CL limits on the diffuse flux of the photons with energies greater than 10^18.0, 10^18.5, 10^19.0, 10^19.5 and 10^20.0 eV are set at the level of 0.067, 0.012, 0.0036, 0.0013, correspondingly.
Keywords: Ultra-high-energy photons, Telescope array experiment, Extensive air showers
Published in RUNG: 30.04.2020; Views: 4294; Downloads: 0
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29. Mass composition of cosmic rays with energies from 10^17.2 eV to 10^20 eV using surface and fluorescence detectors of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryGašper Kukec Mezek, 2018, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are highly energetic particles with EeV energies, exceeding the capabilities of man-made colliders. They hold information on extreme astrophysical processes that create them and the medium they traverse on their way towards Earth. However, their mass composition at such energies is still unclear, because data interpretation depends on our choice of high energy hadronic interaction models. With its hybrid detection method, the Pierre Auger Observatory has the possibility to detect extensive air showers with an array of surface water-Cherenkov stations (SD) and fluorescence telescopes (FD). We present recent mass composition results from the Pierre Auger Collaboration using observational parameters from SD and FD measurements. Using the full dataset of the Pierre Auger Observatory, implications on composition can be made for energies above 10^17.2 eV.
Keywords: astroparticle physics, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, mass composition, Pierre Auger Observatory, fluorescence telescopes, water-Cherenkov stations
Published in RUNG: 24.05.2019; Views: 4471; Downloads: 114
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30. Mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays at the Pierre Auger ObservatoryGašper Kukec Mezek, 2019, doctoral dissertation Abstract: Cosmic rays with energies above 10^18 eV, usually referred to as ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), have been a mystery from the moment they have been discovered. Although we have now more information on their extragalactic origin, their direct sources still remain hidden due to deviations caused by galactic magnetic fields. Another mystery, apart from their production sites, is their nature. Their mass composition, still uncertain at these energies, would give us a better understanding on their production, acceleration, propagation and capacity to produce extensive air showers in the Earth's atmosphere. Mass composition studies of UHECR try to determine their nature from the difference in development of their extensive air showers.
In this work, observational parameters from the hybrid detection system of the Pierre Auger Observatory are used in a multivariate analysis to obtain the mass composition of UHECR. The multivariate analysis (MVA) approach combines a number of mass composition sensitive variables and tries to improve the separation between different UHECR particle masses. Simulated distributions of different primary particles are fitted to measured observable distributions in order to determine individual elemental fractions of the composition. When including observables from the surface detector, we find a discrepancy in the estimated mass composition between a mixed simulation sample and the Pierre Auger data. Our analysis results from the Pierre Auger data are to a great degree independent on hadronic interaction models. Although they differ at higher primary masses, the different models are more consistent, when combining fractions of oxygen and iron. Compared to previously published results, the systematic uncertainty from hadronic interaction models is roughly four times smaller. Our analysis reports a predominantly heavy composition of UHECR, with more than a 50% fraction of oxygen and iron at low energies. The composition is then becoming heavier with increasing energy, with a fraction of oxygen and iron above 80% at the highest energies.
Keywords: astroparticle physics, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, extensive air showers, mass composition, Pierre Auger Observatory, machine learning, multivariate analysis
Published in RUNG: 03.04.2019; Views: 6649; Downloads: 196
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