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1.
Raspredelenie predprinimatel'skih sposobnostej i migracija : struktura zanjatosti, neravenstvo dohodov i blagosostojanie
D. A. Pokrovskij, Alexander Shapoval, 2015, original scientific article

Abstract: The authors define a general equilibrium model with heterogeneous individuals who are endowed with identical preferences, given by the utility function with constant elasticity of substitution (CES), and with heterogeneous entrepreneurial skills. We find that scale effects linked to migration can be analyzed within the framework of the constructed model because the migration changes the market size together with a market structure. A population growth due to immigration of low-qualified individuals ambiguously affects the share of reciprocal to entrepreneurial   and the inequality in the economy. If the distribution of the inverse entrepreneurial skills has an increasing (decreasing, constant) elasticity, then   decreases (increases, and does not change) and the Gini coefficient increases (decreases and does not change).
Keywords: monopolistic competition, heterogeneous consumers, entrepreneurship, migration, income inequality, welfare
Published in RUNG: 10.06.2021; Views: 1741; Downloads: 0
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2.
Effective inclusion of citizens through e-governance services : case study of direct benefit transfer in India
Rajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, 2020, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Traditional Government of any country does not include citizens as a part of the system leading to low trust levels. To eradicate this practice, E-Governance has been introduced which helps in efficient and transparent functioning of the government. The transformation from traditional governance to E-Governance is important and has been studied in the paper through the Case of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in India. Before the implementation of DBT, India was suffering from malpractices like delay in funds transfer, pilferage practices in government departments, act of corruption by government officials, fake identity of users claiming the amount, and mental/physical harassment to the citizens, for the various types of funds transfer and social welfare schemes. But after effective roll out of DBT, there was a reduction of approximately USD 20 Billion reported on fake accounts in seven years cumulatively across multiple schemes in India. This has led to a good economic growth of the country and has also improved the trust level of citizens on the government of India. It has also led to increase in enrolment of girl child in schools or higher education, reduction of grievances of pensioners, and reduction of false claims. Other nations can learn from this case of effective inclusion of citizens.
Keywords: direct benefit transfer, e-governance, India, social welfare schemes, fraud accounts, money leakage, fake profile
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 1817; Downloads: 58
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3.
Industry equilibrium and welfare in monopolistic competition under uncertainty
Alexander Shapoval, V. M. Goncharenko, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: This paper offers a new theory that describes the influence of uncertainty on economic fundamentals. This theory posits that uncertainty can improve social welfare. We argue that in an economy, where spending of the customers for the differentiated good correlates with larger substitutability of its varieties, the equilibrium output decreases and the prices increase when uncertainty appears. Alternatively, if such spending and substitutability anti-correlate, the predictions for the price and output changes are reversed. The arguments are based on general equilibrium modeling with the monopolistic competition of firms which produce varieties of the differentiated good under limited information regarding the consumer demand. The impact of uncertainty on the equilibrium is assessed by using the relationship between the weighted elasticity of substitution between varieties, the elasticity of the consumer utility, and the income share spent on the differentiated good.
Keywords: monopolistic competition, uncertain demand, general utility, consumer welfare
Published in RUNG: 22.03.2021; Views: 1934; Downloads: 0
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4.
Beyond Neoliberalism : Social Analysis after 1989
Gal Kirn, Marian Burchardt, 2017, scientific monograph

Abstract: This book explores how changes that occurred around 1989 shaped the study of the social sciences, and scrutinizes the impact of the paradigm of neoliberalism in different disciplinary fields. The contributors examine the ways in which capitalism has transmuted into a seemingly unquestionable, triumphant framework that globally articulates economics with epistemology and social ontology. The volume also investigates how new narratives of capitalism are being developed by social scientists in order to better understand capitalism’s ramifications in various domains of knowledge. At its heart, Beyond Neoliberalism seeks to unpack and disaggregate neoliberalism, and to take readers beyond the analytical limitations that a traditional framework of neoliberalism entails.
Keywords: neoliberalism, end of socialism, end of "end of history", transition discourse, end of welfare state, privatisation, deregulation
Published in RUNG: 19.08.2020; Views: 2285; Downloads: 0
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5.
How to react to the necessity of a sustainable animal production? The EcoLamb project.
Tanja Peric, Martina Bergant Marušič, Ario De Marco, Petra Makorič, 2019, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: EcoLamb assesses the sustainability of diverse European sheep production systems focusing on the ecological footprint, animal welfare aspects and nutrition value of lamb meat. The outcomes of these assessments will be used to understand the potential future barriers that limit the innovative capacity and development of the sector and the opportunities that may provide a future market niche against competitive products from other global markets. Farm solutions that incorporate consumer expectations for animal welfare and meat quality will enhance the competitiveness of Europe's lamb meat sector. The project engages trans-national research and industry stakeholders from 6 countries made up of Germany, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and Turkey to analyse on 20 case study farms resource-efficient, competitive and low-carbon lamb production models. Direct linkage between animal welfare, meat quality and pharmaceutical use will also be determined using innovative Precision Farming techniques. The project will produce a toolbox of recommendations for productive sheep farm management, supply chain and marketing on how to improve the acceptability of lamb meat by consumers. Thus, the multidisciplinary approach and the multi-actor involvement of the EU sheep sector will assist in re-designing critical aspects to increase society acceptance and the place of lamb meat in future diets and the outcomes of the project will be used by stakeholders to promote changes in farm management, marketing and processing of meat from sheep. Additionally, results will be used by farm consultants, farmer groups and policy officers to re-design consulting approaches and plan new initiatives to make all aspects of the European sheep industry more sustainable.
Keywords: Sustainability, animal production, lamb, welfare, quality, meat, EcoLamb
Published in RUNG: 26.11.2019; Views: 3141; Downloads: 0
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6.
Qualitative behaviour assessment in intensively and extensively reared lambs
Raul Bodas, Tanja Peric, 2019, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: Qualitative behaviour assessment (QBA, from the AWIN welfare assessment protocol for sheep) relies on the ability of humans to integrate perceived details of behaviour into descriptors with emotional connotation that can be scaled and added to other quantitative indicators. The complete AWIN protocol was performed in 14 groups (6 extensive, 2 semi-intensive and 6 intensive rearing system) of 15 young lambs (2 months of age) participating in the EcoLamb project (ERA-Net SusAn funded), which aims to holistically evaluate lamb production sustainability (meat quality, ecological footprint and animal welfare). Data on QBA (items were being scaled from 0 –absence- to 10 -all the animals fully expressed the evaluated item-), familiar approach and fleece quality tests were subjected to descriptive statistics analyses and showed herein. Extensively reared lambs scored higher in descriptors such as aggressive, defensive, physically uncomfortable or apathetic, whereas intensively reared lambs showed higher values in descriptors such as agitated and fearful but also in other as active, sociable, vigorous, subdued, calm, inquisitive and assertive. Semi-intensively reared lambs scored in between. All the animals ruminated to some extent (when observed), the quality of the fleece was always acceptable and no stereotypes were recorded. Minor lameness problems were observed in one extensive farm. Regarding familiar approach, all animals (except in one farm) voluntarily approached to human, despite a flight distance of 2 to 4 m was observed at the beginning. Although animal welfare is a real complex matter to be assessed, do animals from different rearing systems express different degree of positive emotional state?
Keywords: welfare, behaviour, lambs, sheep
Published in RUNG: 16.09.2019; Views: 3198; Downloads: 0
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7.
Hair cortisol concentrations in New Zealand white rabbits subjected to surgery
Tanja Peric, Antonella Comin, Mirco Corazzin, Marta Montillo, Federico Canavese, Marco Stebel, Alberto Prandi, 2018, original scientific article

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess hair cortisol concentrations in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that were subjected to relocation and surgery to evaluate HPA-axis activity; in addition, we used this marker of cortisol secretion to evaluate the allostatic load of animals undergoing surgery. After a period of acclimatisation, which lasted 40 days from their arrival at the enclosure, 19 rabbits were subjected to T1–T12 dorsal arthrodesis (RS), 19 were sham-operated (SS), and 19 were non-operated (CON). Hair samples were collected at the time of arrival (ST1) at the animal facility, and seven other sets of hair samples were collected at 40-day intervals from the same area of skin for a period of 240 days as re-shaved hair (anagen phase): immediately before surgery (ST2) and after the surgery (ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, and ST8). The transition from the rabbitry to the animal breeding facility led to a significant increase in cortisol concentration (ST2) in all of the groups. At ST3, the RS group presented higher cortisol concentrations than those of the SS group and the CON group. At ST4, the experimental groups showed similar values that remained constant until ST8. The results show that the management of rabbits undergoing surgery should be evaluated very carefully, and hair cortisol concentrations may provide a means of avoiding the dangerous cumulative effects of additional stressors close to surgery.
Keywords: animal welfare, cortisol, hair, HPA axis, rabbit, surgery
Published in RUNG: 09.02.2018; Views: 3972; Downloads: 0
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