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Naslov: Odvisnost koncentracije nanodelcev v zunanjem zraku od stabilnosti atmosfere Avtorji: ID Vaupotič, Janja (Mentor) Več o mentorju... ID Bencek, Anja Petra (Avtor) Datoteke: Anja_Petra_Bencek.pdf (4,92 MB) MD5: 035E0B9BFA75887965A700BAD23107AD   Jezik: Slovenski jezik Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo Organizacija: FZO - Fakulteta za znanosti o okolju Opis: Nanodelci v zraku škodljivo vplivajo na okolje in na človeka. Še posebej smo jim izpostavljeni v večjih mestih, kjer je njihov glavni izvor promet. Zato smo v zunanjem zraku v Ljubljani merili številčne koncentracije delcev (CN) velikosti 10 – 1083 nm z merilnikom 'Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer' proizvajalca Grimm Aerosol Technik, Nemčija, v vseh letnih časih v letu 2018. Delce smo razvrstili v dve skupini, PM0,1 in PM1,1, in spremljali njihovo odvisnost od stabilnosti atmosfere, ki smo jo določili na osnovi koncentracije radona (222Rn) v zraku. Pozimi in jeseni smo določili šest razredov stabilnosti (R1 – R6), spomladi in poleti pa pet (R1 – R5). Koncentracije delcev smo merili na Institutu "Jožef Stefan", podatke o gostoti prometa pa smo pridobili za Tržaško cesto, ki je oddaljena približno 200 m. Obdobja meritev so bila: (i) 30.12.2017 – 2.1.2018; 20. – 26.1.2018 pozimi, (ii) 12. – 18.4.2018 spomladi, (iii) 9. – 27.7.2018 poleti, in (iv) 5.9. – 6.11.2018 jeseni. Številčne koncentracije delcev so se običajno gibale v naslednjih območjih (v cm–3): (i) 2000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 5000 PM1,1 pozimi, (ii) 5000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 4000 PM1,1 spomladi, (iii) 1500 – 15000 PM0,1 in 1000 – 3000 PM1,1 poleti, in (iv) 5000 – 20000 PM0,1 in 3000 – 8000 PM1,1 jeseni. V splošnem je koncentracija PM0,1 višja za faktor 2 – 3 od koncentracije delcev PM1,1. Koncentracije delcev PM0,1 so odvisne predvsem od gostote prometa, med delovniki imamo dve izraziti konici, vezani na začetek in zaključek službe, med vikendi so koncentracije približno za polovico nižje. Skozi vse leto so njihove koncentracije v zunanjem zraku podobne, ker pa imajo krajši čas zadrževanja v ozračju, čez dan veliko bolj nihajo kot koncentracije PM1,1. Na koncentracije delcev PM1,1 vpliva promet v manjši meri, nekoliko višje koncentracije so pozimi, spomladi in jeseni, verjetno odraz kurilne sezone. Koncentracije delcev sledijo spremembam v stabilnosti atmosfere, praviloma se višajo z večanjem razreda stabilnosti. Najvišje koncentracije delcev PM1,1 so v razredu R6, to je v času dolgotrajne temperaturne inverzije. Koncentracije delcev PM0,1 se manj ujemajo z razredi stabilnosti. Ključne besede: Nanodelec, PM1, 1 in PM0, 1, radon, stabilnost atmosfere, kontinuirna meritev, letni čas, Ljubljana Kraj izida: Nova Gorica Leto izida: 2019 PID: 20.500.12556/RUNG-4774-ac914624-dda9-21a7-ef3b-2c7d656ad483  COBISS.SI-ID: 5461243  NUK URN: URN:SI:UNG:REP:MSMQDXWC Datum objave v RUNG: 14.10.2019 Število ogledov: 5255 Število prenosov: 149 Metapodatki:    Citiraj gradivo Navadno besedilo BibTeX EndNote XML EndNote/Refer RIS ABNT ACM Ref AMA APA Chicago 17th Author-Date Harvard IEEE ISO 690 MLA Vancouver : Kopiraj citat

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Sekundarni jezik

Jezik:	Angleški jezik
Naslov:	Nanoparticle concentrations in ambient air in relation to atmospheric stability
Opis:	Nanoparticles can have a negative impact on the environment and human health, especially in cities with high traffic density. Traffic is proven to be the largest contributor to urban outdoor nanoparticle concentrations. In Ljubljana we measured number concentrations (CN) of nanoparticles in the range of 10 – 1083 nm, in different periods of time in all seasons of 2018, using 'Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer' of Grimm Aerosol Technik, Germany. We classified nanoparticles into two groups, PM0.1 and PM1.1, and observed the dependence of their number concentrations on the level of atmospheric stability, which was determined based on radon (222Rn) concentrations in outdoor air. In autumn and winter six stability classes (R1 – R6), and in spring and summer five (R1 – R5), were obtained. The measurements have been conducted at the Jožef Stefan Institute, central part of Ljubljana. Particle concentrations were related to traffic density on a high traffic road, called ‘Tržaška cesta’, in a distance of around 200 m from the measurement point. The measurements were conducted in each season, in the following periods: (i) 30.12.2017 – 2.1.2018 and 20. – 26.1.2018 in winter, (ii) 12. – 18.4.2018 in spring, (iii) 9. – 27.7.2018 in summer, and (iv) 5.9. – 6.11.2018 in autumn. In general, number concentrations (CN in cm–3) of particles in each season ranged: (i) 2000 – 20000 PM0.1 and 1000 – 5000 PM1.1 in winter, (ii) 5000 – 20000 PM0.1 and 1000 – 4000 PM1.1 in spring, (iii) 1500 – 15000 PM0.1 and 1000 – 3000 PM1.1 in summer, and (iv) 5000 – 20000 PM0.1 and 3000 – 8000 PM1.1 in autumn. Concentrations of PM0.1 showed a high correlation with traffic. It was noticed that their concentrations increase with high traffic density during workdays, and decrease approximately for a half during weekends. The concentrations of PM0.1 are in similar range throughout the year, showing large fluctuations within a single day. In contrary, PM1.1 are less traffic correlated and thus their diurnal changes are not so much pronounced. PM1.1 concentrations follow changes in atmospheric stability, generally increasing with increasing stability class and vice versa. The highest PM1.1 concentration is in the class R6, which represents persistent temperature inversion. Their concentrations were higher in winter, spring and autumn, most probably because of heating season. PM0.1 concentrations show less correlation with atmospheric stability classes.
Ključne besede:	Nanoparticle, PM1.1 and PM0.1, radon, atmospheric stability, continuous measurement, yearly season, Ljubljana

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