21. Another look at *numeral N-lAr : lecture at the Boğaziçi University, Department of Linguistics, Istanbul, Turkey, June 11th 2024Elena Guerzoni, 2024, invited lecture at foreign university Abstract: In this talk I will present work in progress that I am conducting in collaboration with Furkan Dikmen and Penka Stateva. In this study, we develop a novel account for the ban of Turkish -lAr with numerals. This view builds on the pragmatic theories of the interpretation of the plural as an anti-singularity inference (see Sauerland 2003, Spector 2007, and Sauerland 2008) and presents the following advantages over Martí (2020)’s and Scontras (2022)’s previous accounts: it preserves the “at least” interpretation of Turkish numerals and at the same time it predicts the lack of plurality inferences in DE contexts, first reported in Sağ 2019.
Research funded by the ARIS project J6-3130- PI Prof. Artur Stefanov, University of Nova Gorica, Slovenia
References
Martí, L. 2020. Numerals and the theory of number. Semantics and Pragmatics 13.
Sağ, Y. 2019. The Semantics of Number Marking: Reference to Kinds, Counting, and Optional Classifiers. Rutgers University Doctoral Dissertation.
Sauerland, U. 2003. A new semantics for number. In Young, R. and Zhou, Y. (eds.) Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) 13.
Sauerland, U. 2008. Implicated presuppositions. In Steube, A. (ed.), The Discourse Potential of Underspecified Structures, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 581-600.
Scontras, G. 2022 On the semantics of number morphology, Linguistics and Philosophy 45.5.
Spector, B. 2007. Aspects of the pragmatics of plural morphology: On higher-order implicatures. In Stateva, P. and Sauerland, U. (eds.) Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics.
Keywords: Turkish, Number Marking
Published in RUNG: 31.07.2024; Views: 333; Downloads: 2
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22. When tense shifts expressive presuppositions: hani and monstrous semantics : lecture at the Department of Comparative and General Linguistics, Linguistic Circle, University of Ljubljana, June 3rd 2024Furkan Dikmen, Elena Guerzoni, Ömer Demirok, 2024, other performed works Abstract: I will present a study I conducted with Furkan Dikmen and Ömer Demirok on the semantic and pragmatic properties of the Turkish ‘discourse partıcle’ hani. On the one hand, the function of hani is merely pragmatic, on the other hand, it is subject to the truth-conditional effect of other constituents at LF. In this study, we introduce the first formal semantic and pragmatic treatment of clauses containing hani. Unlike previous accounts (see Erguvanlı-Taylan (Studies on Turkish and Turkic languages; proceedings of the ninth international conference on Turkish linguistics, 133–143, 2000), Akar et al. (Discourse meaning, 57–78, 2020), and Akar and Öztürk (Information-structural perspectives on discourse particles, 251–276, 2020), we claim that hani can have one of the following two major pragmatic functions: making salient a proposition in the Common Ground or challenging one in a past Common Ground, therefore requiring a Common Ground revision. Despite its variety of occurrences, we argue that hani has a uniform interpretation and provide a compositional analysis of the different construals that it is associated with. Furthermore, we show that a formally explicit and accurate characterization of hani-clauses requires operating on indexical parameters, in particular the context time. Therefore, if our proposal is on the right track, hani clauses may provide indirect empirical evidence in favour of the existence of “monstrous” phenomena, adding to the accumulating cross-linguistic evidence in this domain (see Schlenker in Linguistics and Philosophy 26(1):29–120, 2003 and much work since then). The definition of monsters is intended as in Kaplan (Themes from Kaplan, 481–563, 1989).
Keywords: Semantics, Turkish, Discourse Particle, Temporal Shift
Published in RUNG: 31.07.2024; Views: 327; Downloads: 0
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23. Stress and morphology in the Italian verbsElena Guerzoni, 2024, other monographs and other completed works Abstract: In this paper I present an analysis of stress in Italian verbs. A preliminary observation reveals that
inflection affects stress position on verbs in an apparently unpredictable fashion. Although, at first
sight, the variability of stress placement in Italian verbs seems to preclude a systematic account, this
paper shows that once the morphological complexity of verbs is factored in, it is in fact the one and
the same algorithm that assigns stress in this entire word class.
Keywords: Italian verb, tense, stress, phonology, morphology
Published in RUNG: 31.07.2024; Views: 313; Downloads: 0
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24. Initial oxidation of low index Mg surfaces investigated by SCLS and DFTZhe Xing, Mattia Fanetti, Sandra Gardonio, Elsebeth Schröder, Dmytro Orlov, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: oxidation mechanism, surface core level shift, density functional theory, surface reconstruction, magnesium oxidation
Published in RUNG: 25.07.2024; Views: 445; Downloads: 2
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26. Urinary extracellular vesicles as a readily available biomarker source : a simplified stratification methodLidija Filipović, Milica Spasojević Savković, Radivoje Prodanović, Suzana Matijašević Joković, Sanja Stevanović, Ario De Marco, Maja Kosanović, Goran Brajušković, Milica Popovic, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: nanobodies, extracellular vesicles, immunoaffinity purification
Published in RUNG: 23.07.2024; Views: 382; Downloads: 3
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27. Functional characterisation of surfactant protein A as a novel prophylactic means against oncogenic HPV infectionsSinead Carse, Tim Reid, Jens Madsen, Howard Clark, Artur Kirjakulov, Martina Bergant Marušič, Georgia Schäfer, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection poses a significant health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where limited healthcare access and awareness hinder vaccine accessibility. To identify alternative HPV targeting interventions, we previously reported on surfactant protein A (SP-A) as a novel molecule capable of recognising HPV16 pseudovirions (HPV16-PsVs) and reducing infection in a murine cervicovaginal HPV challenge model. Building on these findings, our current study aimed to assess SP-A’s suitability as a broad-spectrum HPV-targeting molecule and its impact on innate immune responses. We demonstrate SP-A’s ability to agglutinate and opsonise multiple oncogenic HPV-PsVs types, enhancing their uptake and clearance by RAW264.7 murine macrophages and THP-1 human-derived immune cells. The SP-A opsonisation of HPV not only led to increased lysosomal accumulation in macrophages and HaCaT keratinocytes but also resulted in a decreased infection of HaCaT cells, which was further decreased when co-cultured with innate immune cells. An analysis of human innate immune cell cytokine profiles revealed a significant inflammatory response upon SP-A exposure, potentially contributing to the overall inhibition of HPV infection. These results highlight the multi-layered impact of SP-A on HPV, innate immune cells and keratinocytes and lay the basis for the development of alternative prophylactic interventions against diverse HPV types.
Keywords: surfactant protein A, SP-A, human papillomavirus, HPV, pseudovirus, cervical cancer, HPV prophylactic, low- and middle-income countries, LMIC
Published in RUNG: 22.07.2024; Views: 393; Downloads: 4
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28. Strategies to overcome particle size limitations in covalent organic frameworks for bioimaging and delivery : lecture at the 9th International Conference on Metal-Organic Frameworks and Open Framework Compounds (MOF2024), Singapore, 15th-19th July 2024Tina Škorjanc, 2024, unpublished conference contribution Abstract: Particle size is an important physical parameter in any nanomaterial designed for biomedical applications. It critically influences the biological fate of nanoparticles. It is generally believed that a range between 10 and 200 nm is most relevant to physical and biochemical targeting through both intravascular and site-specific deliveries.1
High porosity, purely organic nature, structural tunability and the ability to gradually release therapeutically-relevant cargo have rendered covalent organic frameworks (COFs) promising materials in biomedical research. While several COF-based drug delivery systems have been reported, particle aggregation and the associated particle size pose a significant barrier to real-life implementation of these systems.2 In the current talk, two strategies to address these issues will be presented as they have been applied to biosensing and delivery applications.
Firstly, prolonged ultrasonication has proven an effective method of reducing the COF particle size while maintaining the material’s chemical properties.3 A fluorescent COF, that was post-synthetically modified to incorporate a hypoxia-targeting nitroimidazole moiety, was exposed to prolonged ultrasonication which effectively reduced the particle size from several µm to <170 nm.4 The ultrasonication treatment did not significantly hamper the material’s physical or chemical properties, such as crystallinity, and it even enhanced its fluorescence signal by overcoming aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). The material and its constituent building blocks were shown to have minimal or no cytotoxicity. The COF’s internalization was monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy, and it preferentially accumulated in cells exposed to hypoxic environment, thus serving as a fluorescent biosensor for hypoxia.
Another strategy of limiting the COF particle size is to grow the material on nano-sized substrates. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been shown as effective intracellular sensors5 and single-cell endoscopic tools.6 We have prepared AgNWs with diameters below 200 nm and have employed various synthetic methods to coat them with thiol-functionalized COFs. Favorable coordination bonds that form between Ag and the thiol functional group in the COF linkers drive the assembly process. Both bottom-up synthetic approaches, where the COF is grown on the surface of AgNWs, and top-down strategies, where pre-synthesized COF particles are attached onto AgNWs surface have been successful. The inorganic-organic hybrid materials were characterized by various techniques, including electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. All characterizations combined suggest that the diameter of the COF-coated AgNWs remains well in the nanometer-size regime.
References:
(1) Hickey, J. W.; Santos, J. L.; Williford, J.-M.; Mao, H.-Q. Control of Polymeric Nanoparticle Size to Improve Therapeutic Delivery. J. Control. Release 2015, 219, 536–547.
(2) Esrafili, A.; Wagner, A.; Inamdar, S.; Acharya, A. P. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 2021, 10 (6), 2002090.
(3) Skorjanc, T.; Heinrich, J.; Makuc, D.; Kulak, N.; Valant, M. Sustained Delivery of Cu(II)-Based DNA Intercalators by Nanometer-Sized Cyclodextrin-Based Porous Polymers. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2023, 6 (22), 21162–21168.
(4) Skorjanc, T.; Shetty, D.; Kumar, S.; Makuc, D.; Mali, G.; Volavšek, J.; Bergant Marušič, M.; Valant, M. Nitroreductase-Sensitive Fluorescent Covalent Organic Framework for Tumor Hypoxia Imaging in Cells. Chem. Commun. 2023, 59 (38), 5753–5756.
(5) Zhang, Q.; Inose, T.; Ricci, M.; Li, J.; Tian, Y.; Wen, H.; Toyouchi, S.; Fron, E.; Ngoc Dao, A. T.; Kasai, H.; Rocha, S.; Hirai, K.; Fortuni, B.; Uji-i, H. Gold-Photodeposited Silver Nanowire Endoscopy for Cytosolic and Nuclear PH Sensing. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2021, 4 (9), 9886–9894.
(6) Ricci, M.; Fortuni, B.; Vitale, R.; Zhang, Q.; Fujita, Y.; Toyouchi, S.; Lu, G.; Rocha, S.; Inose, T.; Uji-I, H. Gold-Etched Silver Nanowire Endoscopy: Toward a Widely Accessible Platform for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Based Analysis in Living Cells. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93 (12), 5037–5045.
Keywords: covalent organic frameworks, imaging, delivery, nanoendoscopy, nanowire
Published in RUNG: 22.07.2024; Views: 387; Downloads: 1
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29. Agreement switch in verb-echo answers : evidence for distributed ellipsisGesoel Mendes, Marta Ruda, Jana Willer-Gold, Boban Arsenijević, Bojana Ristić, Nermina Čordalija, Nedžad Leko, Frane Malenica, Franc Marušič, Petra Mišmaš, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: In this article, we claim that syntactic objects undergoing ellipsis can be targeted by both narrow syntactic and PF operations. We base this conclusion on experimental evidence from the interaction between single conjunct agreement and verb-echo answers in South Slavic, which we show to be derived via verb-stranding VP ellipsis. Adopting the view that Vocabulary Insertion replaces Q-variables on lexical heads (Halle 1991) and ellipsis is a syntactic operation which deletes Q-variables (Saab 2022), we demonstrate that constituents properly included in the ellipsis site can undergo Internal Merge in the narrow syntax, and can participate in PF processes from the derived position. The interaction between ellipsis, Internal Merge and Agree-Copy that accounts for these patterns of data follows naturally within the Distributed Ellipsis approach.
Keywords: ellipsis, agreement, South Slavic, syntax, verb
Published in RUNG: 19.07.2024; Views: 451; Downloads: 12
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30. "Materni jezik ni nujno jezik matere" : sodelovanje v oddaji Radiosfera, Prvi program Radia Slovenija, 21. 2. 2024Maja Melinc Mlekuž, 2024, radio or television event Abstract: Leta 1999 je Unesco 21. februar dan razglasil za mednarodni dan maternih jezikov, ki letos poteka pod geslom “Večjezično izobraževanje je steber medgeneracijskega učenja”. V tokratni Radiosferi smo zato pri dr. Maji Melinc Mlekuž, raziskovalki na Centru za kognitivne znanosti jezika in predavateljici na Fakulteti za humanistiko Univerze v Novi Gorici, preverili, ali lahko materinščino pozabimo in ali lahko naenkrat osvojimo dve.
Keywords: prvi jezik, drugi jezik, večjezičnost
Published in RUNG: 18.07.2024; Views: 455; Downloads: 2
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