71. Učinki herbicida glifosata v čisti obliki in v pripravku na deževnike (Eisenia andrei)Sandra Dukić, 2016, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Zaradi naraščanja svetovnega prebivalstva prihaja do vse večjih potreb po pridelavi hrane, posledično pa so tla izpostavljena vse večjim pritiskom izrabe ter različnim onesnaževalom, med katerimi prevladujejo pesticidi. Najbolj razširjen razred pesticidov v kmetijstvu so herbicidi, od katerih je najpogosteje uporabljen glifosat. Ker imajo pesticidi mnogokrat učinke na netarčne organizme, se zanje izvajajo ocene tveganj. Učinke na organizme se preverja s standardiziranimi ekotoksikološkimi testi. V okviru sledečega diplomskega dela se je raziskovalo oziroma primerjalo učinke dveh različnih oblik glifosata na deževnike vrste Eisenia andrei, Bouché, 1972. Uporabljen je bil glifosat v pripravku ter glifosat v obliki čiste aktivne učinkovine. Po podatkih iz literature naj bi bili pripravki zaradi vsebnosti pomožnih sredstev za talne organizme bolj strupeni. Pri ugotavljanju vpliva na rast deževnikov je prišlo do ugotovitve, da je glifosat v pripravku res bistveno bolj vplival na spremembo mas živali, saj so se v mnogih primerih znižale. Medtem so se pri čistem glifosatu povečale pri vseh uporabljenih koncentracijah pesticida. Na umrljivost v obeh primerih ni bilo vpliva, saj so preživele vse živali. Pri ugotavljanju vpliva na razmnoževanje je bil test s čistim glifosatom po kriterijih OECD neveljaven, zato ni bilo mogoče primerjati rezultatov. Vseeno je iz vseh dobljenih rezultatov mogoče sklepati, da glifosat za deževnike ni zelo strupen.
Keywords: Glifosat, pesticidi, deževniki, Eisenia andrei, strupenost, ekotoksikologija
Published in RUNG: 15.09.2016; Views: 6582; Downloads: 327
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72. Diclofenac removal by simulated solar assisted photocatalysis using TiO2-based zeolite catalyst; mechanisms, pathways and environmental aspectsSubhan Salaeh, Daria Juretic Perisic, Martina Biosic, Hrvoje Kušić, Sandra Babich, Urška Lavrenčič Štangar, Dionysios D. Dionysiou, Ana Lončarić Božić, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: The study explores the potential of immobilized TiO2-based zeolite composite photocatalyst (TiO2-FeZ)
made of commercial AEROXIDE TiO2 P25 and iron-exchanged zeolite of ZSM5 type (FeZ), for solar assisted
treatment of diclofenac (DCF), pharmaceutical included in the ‘‘watch list” during last prioritization in
water legislation by EU.
In this study the efficiency of applied photocatalytic treatment, solar/TiO2-FeZ/H2O2, of DCF water
solution was evaluated on basis of DCF removal and conversion kinetics, as well as the changes of
common parameters for assessing water quality. Hence, the changes in the removal and mineralization
of overall organic content, biodegradability, toxicity to Vibrio fischeri, dechlorination of DCF and
its formed by-products, were monitored during the treatment. The obtained data were correlated with
the evolution of DCF by-products, identified and monitored during the treatment by HPLC/MSMS
analysis. In order to estimate the influence of water matrix, all experiments were performed in the
presence of chloride or sulphate as counter ions. The obtained data revealed that degradation
mechanism of DCF by applied treatment process using immobilized TiO2-FeZ includes the adsorption
onto photocatalyst surface and consequent degradation. The contribution of homogeneous Fenton
reaction due to leached iron ions was found to be negligible. The adsorption and degradation pathway of DCF were influenced by the type of counter ions, which was reflected in the observed changes of
water quality parameters.
Keywords: Solar photocatalysis, TiO2-FeZ catalyst, Diclofenac, Degradation pathway, Biodegradability, Toxicity
Published in RUNG: 21.07.2016; Views: 5553; Downloads: 0
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