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1.
17β-Estradiol and testosterone amniotic concentrations in at term born puppies: preliminary results
Jasmine Fusi, Tanja Peric, 2019, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: The study of fetal sexual steroid hormones production during pregnancy deserve scientific interest in both humans and animals, to better understand the normal sexual development, but also in the recently investigated impact on the future health outcomes (Kuijper et al, 2013). Many studies reported the early production of testosterone by the testes during the fetal stage of development; however, also estrogens were recognized to play a role in developing programming. Because of the scarce knowledge about this topic in the dog, the present study was aimed to assess the 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) amniotic concentrations at birth in normal newborn dogs. The study was conducted on 31 normal puppies, 16 males and 15 females, born by 10 healthy bitches belonging to several breeds, submitted to elective Caesarean section at term, with litter-size ranging between 1 to 5. Amniotic fluid from each puppy was collected (Meloni et al, 2014) and immediately stored at - 20 ° C until analysis by RIA. Amniotic E2 concentrations in male and female puppies were 124±66.82 pg/ml and 109±42.15 pg/ml, respectively; while amniotic T concentrations were 124±91.24 pg/ml and 114±71.72 pg/ml, in male and female puppies, respectively, without significant differences between the two genders. These preliminary results showed that both E2 and T were detectable in canine amniotic fluid, but without differences between male and female puppies. The wide standard deviations found deserve further investigations on a larger number of subjects, to identify possible causes, such as the effect played by the bitch. Kuijper EA, Ket JC, Caanen MR, Lambalk CB. Reproductive hormone concentrations in pregnancy and neonates: a systematic review. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 27:33-63; Meloni T, Comin A, Rota A, Peric T, Contri A, Veronesi MC. IGF-I and NEFA concentrations in fetal fluids of term pregnancy dogs. Theriogenology 2014;8:1307-11.
Keywords: 17β-Estradiol, testosterone, amniotic fluid, fetal fluid, dog, puppy
Published in RUNG: 29.08.2019; Views: 3096; Downloads: 0
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2.
17-ß-Estradiol and Testosterone concentrations in claws of puppies up to 60 days of age.
Jasmine Fusi, Tanja Peric, Cristina Bergamin, Maria Cristina Veronesi, 2018, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: The current 30% of canine perinatal mortality (Tonnessen et al., 2012) claims the need to deepen the knowledge about this phase, characterized by long-term hormonal and metabolic changes, that could benefit of long time-frame methods of investigation, reducing the quantity of samplings and thus respecting animal welfare (Veronesi et al., 2015). Indeed, apart from the well-known invasiveness of blood samplings, the necessary repeated collection of feces, urine and saliva, providing punctual information, could be stressful for the newborns and their mothers with negative effects on health status and maternal behavior. Given that sexual steroid hormones were reported to have an influence on health outcomes and development already from the perinatal period (Frey et al., 2017), in this work 17-β-Estradiol (E2) and Testosterone (T) concentrations were assessed from the claws of dogs up to 60 days of age, to identify possible endogenous biomarkers. Ten male and 10 female puppies, viable and healthy, born by elective cesarean section, were enrolled. Samplings were performed by trimming claws at birth, and the regrowth at 30 and 60 days of age after the breeder or the owner signed an informed consent. Then, E2 and T concentrations were analyzed by RIA (Veronesi et al., 2015) and a possible effect of gender evaluated by ANOVA. All the hormonal claws concentrations showed a significant (p<0.001) drop from birth to 30 and 60 days of age, while no significant changes were observed between 30 and at 60 days of age (Table 1). No influence of the newborns’ gender was found. Because of the higher levels of E2 and T observed at birth and at 30 days of age, it could be supposed that a source of production could be the placental and maternal compartments. However, the direct involvement of the fetus itself could not be excluded, given the reported accumulation from the nail capillary bed of those hormones (de Berker et al., 2007) and the production of sexual steroid hormones by feline fetal gonads (Braun and Jewgenow, 2017).
Keywords: Dog, Puppy, Claws, 17-ß-Estradiol, Testosterone.
Published in RUNG: 09.04.2019; Views: 3132; Downloads: 0
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