1. Power-aware Traffic Grooming in WDM Optical Mesh Networks for Bandwidth Wastage Minimization: A Genetic Algorithm-based ApproachSoumen Atta, Anirban Mukhopadhyay, 2012, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The cost of optical backbone network has increased nowadays. So we need to reduce this cost. One of the major contributory costs is the power consumed by the underlying network. Power may also be consumed by different network equipments viz. add-drop multiplexers (ADM), Network Interface Device (NID), Optical Network Terminal (ONT), electrical-to-optical-to-electrical (EOE) conversion etc. In this article we have only considered the power consumption by EOE conversion in a mesh network. We have proposed a genetic algorithm to minimize the EOE conversions needed for a mesh network to satisfy all the traffic requests for a given physical topology. We have also considered the amount of wavelength wastages for our solution and we have minimized these wastages below a user given value. The results have been demonstrated on two optical mesh networks.
Keywords: Optical Network, WDM, Traffic Grooming, Network Components, Green Optical Network, Genetic Algorithm
Published in RUNG: 05.06.2023; Views: 851; Downloads: 0
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2. Cost-effective Green Synthesis of Boron rich Carbide Coatings for IR Windows and Night Vision OpticsMohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: The increasing demand for infrared (IR) window materials for various applications in optical imaging systems necessitates the development of cost-effective green techniques. Herein, the synthesis of refractory boron carbide (BC) using castor oil, as carbon precursor, and the preparation of IR transparent films by thermal vapor deposition technique is reported. Films are prepared with 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5 ratios of boric acid and castor oil, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) analyses reveal the structure of films prepared to be BC. The morphology of the films is analyzed by the atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique, and its dependence on precursor’s ratio is also studied. The spectroscopic characterization by the ultraviolet–visible–near IR (UV–vis–NIR) transmittance study reveals the potential of the films for IR window applications. The bandgap energy of the BC films determined from the Tauc plot yields a value of 2.33 eV. The absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, dissipation factor, and optical conductivity are also studied from the reflectance and transmittance data.
Keywords: Green Synthesis, Boron rich Carbide, coatings, IR Windows
Published in RUNG: 05.07.2022; Views: 1059; Downloads: 0
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3. Boron carbide Nanowires from castor oil for optronic applications: A low-temperature greener approachMohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The development of one-dimensional nanostructures has revolutionized electronic and photonic industries because of their unique properties. The present paper reports the low-temperature green synthesis of boron carbide nanowires, of diameter 14 nm and length 2 lm, by the condensation method using castor oil as the carbon precursor. The nanowires synthesized exhibit beaded chain morphology, and bandgap energy of 2.08 eV revealed through the Tauc plot analysis. The structure of boron carbide nanowires is revealed by micro-Raman, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The thermogravimetric analysis of the sample reveals the excellent thermal stability. The photoluminescence study reveals the nanowire’s blue light emission capability under ultraviolet excitation, which is substantiated by the CIE plot suggesting its potential in photonic applications.
Keywords: Boron carbide, Nanowires, castor oil, green synthesis
Published in RUNG: 04.07.2022; Views: 1056; Downloads: 0
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4. Boron‑rich boron carbide from soot : a low-temperature green synthesis approachMohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, H. V. Saritha Devi, Sankaranarayana Iyer Sankararaman, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Boron carbide is a promising super-hard semiconducting material for refractory applications ranging from the nuclear industry to spacecraft. The present work is the frst report of not only turning futile soot, containing carbon allotropes in varying
composition, into boron-rich boron carbide (BC), but also developing it by a low-cost, low-temperature, and green synthesis
method. The BC synthesised from gingelly oil soot is subjected to structural, morphological, and optical characterisations.
The feld emission scanning electron microscope shows beautiful fower-like morphology, and the thermogravimetric analysis reveals the high-temperature stability of the sample synthesised. The Tauc plot of the sample indicates a 2.38 eV direct
bandgap. The formation of BC and boron-rich carbide evidenced by X-ray difraction studies is confrmed through Raman
and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic signatures of B–C and C–B–C bonds. The fuorescence, power spectrum, and
CIE analyses carried out suggest the blue light emission for excitation at 350 nm
Keywords: boron carbide, soot, carbon nanoparticle, refractory, allotropes, green synthesis
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1213; Downloads: 0
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5. Der Trend geht zu Austerität und MauerbauGal Kirn, 2019, polemic, discussion, commentary Keywords: austerity, Tsipras, EU, new walls, right populism, oxi, problems of green capitalism, individualisation of collective politics
Published in RUNG: 22.09.2020; Views: 2419; Downloads: 0
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7. Importance of pedestrianization for urban regeneration. Assessing new bridge solutions for the Golden Horn : Pedestrianization in Golden HornPinar Özge Gezer, 2020, master's thesis Abstract: The Golden Horn (in Turkish Halic means Gulf or Altın Boynuz "Golden Horn") is a historic inlet of the Bosphorus dividing the city of İstanbul and forming the natural harbor that has sheltered Ottoman and other ships for thousands of years. It is a scimitar-shaped estuary that joins the Bosphorus just at the point where that strait enters the Sea of Marmara, thus forming a peninsula the tip of which is "Old İstanbul".
This thesis work focuses on design proposal for the pedestrian bridge for Golden Horn Dis-trict, which links the royal and later historical peninsula to the rest of the city. The main challenge of the thesis is creation of continuous pedestrian network to guarantee uninter-rupted pedestrian connectivity as well as systematic activation of social and environmental urban regeneration.
Keywords: bridge, pedestrianization, walkability, Golden Horn, historical penninsula, connection, transportation, cultural park, green areas, attraction points, İstanbul, Leonardo Da Vinci
Published in RUNG: 28.02.2020; Views: 3246; Downloads: 111
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10. Facile synthesis, structure, biocompatibility and antimicrobial property of gold nanoparticle composites from cellulose and keratinChieu D. Tran, Franja Prosenc, Mladen Franko, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: A novel, one-pot method was developed to synthesize gold nanoparticle composite from cellulose (CEL), wool keratin (KER) and chloroauric acid. Two ionic liquids, butylmethylimmidazolium chloride and ethylmethylimmidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide were used to dissolve CEL, KER and HAuCl4. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron results show that Au3+ was completely reduced to Au0NPs with size of (5.5 ± 1) nm directly in the composite with NaBH4. Spectroscopy and imaging results indicate that CEL and KER remained chemically intact and were homogeneously distributed in the com- posites with Au0NPs. Encapsulating Au0NPs into [CEL+KER] composite made the composite fully biocom- patible and their bactericidal capabilities were increased by the antibacterial activity of Au0NPs. Specifically, the [CEL+KER+Au0NPs] composite exhibited up to 97% and 98% reduction in growth of antibi- otic resistant bacteria such as vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and was not cytotoxic to human fibroblasts. While [CEL+KER] composite is known to possess some antibacterial activity, the enhanced antibacterial observed here was due solely to added Au0NPs. These results together with our previous finding that [CEL+KER] composites can be used for con- trolled delivery of drugs clearly indicate that the [CEL+KER+Au0NPs] composites possess all required properties for successful use as dressing to treat chronic ulcerous infected wounds.
Keywords: Ionic liquid
Green
Sustainable
Polysaccharide
Keratin
Wound dressing
Gold nanoparticles Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Published in RUNG: 27.09.2017; Views: 4353; Downloads: 0
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