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44. Teorija jezika skozi prizmo usvajanja nejezikovnih prvin – pilotna študijaTjaša Popović, 2017, diplomsko delo Opis: V središču diplomske naloge je možnost, da bi lahko temelje za univerzalno hierarhijo funkcijskih projekcij, ki jo opazujemo v jeziku, iskali v splošni kogniciji (Žaucer 2015). Če taki temelji obstajajo, lahko pričakujemo, da obstaja tudi povezava med vrstnim redom funkcijskih projekcij, v katerih se v samostalniški zvezi pojavljajo pridevniki, in vrstnim redom usvajanja konceptov, ki jih pridevniki v ustrezni funkcijski projekciji izražajo. Na podlagi preteklih raziskav (Radford 1996) pričakujemo, da bodo otroci koncepte, ki so v hierarhiji postavljeni nižje, usvojili prej in tiste, ki so višje, kasneje. V diplomskem delu so zato predstavljene kartografske raziskave, ki kažejo, da obstaja v samostalniški zvezi univerzalna hierarhija pridevnikov. Sledeč Scottu (2002)preverjamo, ali slovenščina potrjuje univerzalno hierarhijo, ki je bila predlagana predvsem na podlagi angleščine. Pri tem je posebna pozornost posvečena pridevnikom, ki poimenujejo velikost, obliko in barvo. Sklenemo, potrjujoč Scottove (2002) trditve, da si ti sledijo v zaporedju velikost → oblika → barva. V nadaljevanju so predstavljeni rezultati pilotne študije, s pomočjo katere smo pri otrocih preverjali razumevanje konceptov velikosti, oblike in barve. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov ne moremo sklepati o vrstnem redu usvajanja konceptov velikosti, oblike in barve, saj se je pokazalo, da so otroci, ki so nalogo razumeli, že usvojili vse tri raziskovane koncepte.
Ključne besede: Univerzalna hierarhija funkcijskih projekcij, pridevniki, samostalniška zveza, usvajanje jezika, koncepti, velikost, oblika, barva.
Objavljeno v RUNG: 25.05.2017; Ogledov: 5893; Prenosov: 282
 Celotno besedilo (1,02 MB) |
45. The Modal Cycle vs. Negation in SlovenianFranc Marušič, Rok Žaucer, 2016, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji Opis: One of the possible ways of expressing possibility in affirmative
sentences in Slovenian is with a modal adverb that combines with a finite verb. Under negation, a modal auxiliary must be used instead of the modal adverb. The pattern with a modal adverb that combines with a finite verb is a peculiarity among other Slavic languages as well as European languages more generally (Hansen 2005, Olmen & Auwera, in press). Looking at diachronic data, which reveal an earlier stage without the modal adverb as well as a subsequent stage with cooccurrence of the modal adverb and the modal auxiliary, we propose that the change be analyzed in terms of the linguistic cycle (van Gelderen 2011), with the modal adverb originating as a reinforcer of the modal auxiliary and then grammaticalizing into a modal. The modal-adverb strategy could not generalize to contexts with sentential negation because of the hierarchical order of the relevant functional projections and the characteristics of the negative particle.
Ključne besede: Modal adverb, modal cycle, linguistic cycle, Slovenian
Objavljeno v RUNG: 12.12.2016; Ogledov: 4436; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
46. Formal Studies in Slovenian Syntax : In honor of Janez Orešnik2016, znanstvena monografija Opis: Although in the early days of generative linguistics Slovenian was rarely called on in the development of theoretical models, the attention it gets has subsequently grown, so that by now it has contributed to generative linguistics a fair share of theoretically important data. With 13 chapters that all build on Slovenian data, this book sets a new milestone. The topics discussed in the volume range from Slovenian clitics, which are called on to shed new light on the intriguing Person-Case Constraint and to provide part of the evidence for a new generalization relating the presence of the definite article and Wackernagel clitics, to functional elements such as the future auxiliary and possibility modals, the latter of which are discussed also from the perspective of language change. Even within the relatively well-researched topics like wh-movement, new findings are presented, both in relation to the structure of the left periphery and to the syntax of relative clauses.
Ključne besede: Slovenian, Slavic syntax, syntax, Theoretical linguistics
Objavljeno v RUNG: 12.12.2016; Ogledov: 4448; Prenosov: 0
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47. Introduction with a State of the Art in Generative Slovenian SyntaxFranc Marušič, Rok Žaucer, 2016, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji Opis: Although in the early days of generative linguistics Slovenian was rarely
called on in the development of theoretical models, the attention it gets has
subsequently grown, so that by now it has contributed to generative
linguistics a fair share of theoretically important data. Some of the topics
where Slovenian data played a prominent role include the feel-like
construction, imperative embedding, closest conjunct agreement
phenomena, double applicatives, etc. In this Introduction, we outline some
of these topics to demonstrate how Slovenian has been brought to bear on
issues in generative syntax, and then briefly introduce individual chapters,
some of which touch on the above-mentioned topics and some of which
address new topics where Slovenian data prove relevant for the study of a
particular linguistic phenomenon, such as relativization, modality, and
clitics.
Ključne besede: Generative linguistics, Slovenian, syntax
Objavljeno v RUNG: 12.12.2016; Ogledov: 4293; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
48. Svojilni pridevniki iz samostalnikov 2. moške sklanjatveAna Cukjati, 2016, diplomsko delo Opis: V diplomski nalogi preverjam, katera končnica prevladuje pri svojilnih pridevnikih iz samostalnikov 2. moške sklanjatve v dejanski rabi. Glede na Slovensko slovnico (Toporišič 2000: 196) naj bi to bila končnica -ov-/-ev-, vendar se v rabi pojavlja tudi končnica -in-. V diplomski nalogi raziskujem svojilne pridevnike iz tistih samostalnikov 2. moške sklanjatve, ki jih kot primere podskupin te sklanjatve omenja Plesničarjeva (2012) – zanima me namreč, ali podskupine, ki jih omenja, vplivajo na izbiro končnice svojilnih pridevnikov. Le-te najprej preverjam v korpusu Gigafida, in sicer najprej v vseh korpusnih besedilih, nato pa samo v internetnih besedilih v Gigafidi. Izbiro končnice svojilnih pridevnikov iz samostalnikov 2. moške sklanjatve preverjam tudi s sestavljenim vprašalnikom, na katerega je odgovarjalo 50 ljudi. Korpusni rezultati kažejo, da pri svojilnih pridevnikih iz samostalnikov 2. moške sklanjatve večinoma prevladuje končnica -ov-/-ev-, podobno kažejo tudi rezultati vprašalnika, le da se tu končnica -in- relativno pojavlja večkrat. Rezultati celotne raziskave kažejo, da se končnica -in- večkrat pojavlja na samostalnikih 1. skupine 2. moške sklanjatve, kar posredno dodatno upravičuje postulacijo podskupin, ki jih odkriva Plesničarjeva (2012). Pri pridevnikih iz samostalnikov 1. skupine 2. moške sklanjatve torej prihaja do kar velikega razkoraka med rabo in normo, ki zapoveduje, naj imajo vsi samostalniki moškega spola svojilnopridevniško končnico -ov-/-ev- (Toporišič 2000: 196).
Ključne besede: 2. moška sklanjatev, svojilni pridevniki, oblikoslovje, korpus, vprašalnik.
Objavljeno v RUNG: 30.11.2016; Ogledov: 7758; Prenosov: 306
Celotno besedilo (1,12 MB) |
49. Does Grammatical Structure Accelerate Number Word Learning? Evidence from Learners of Dual and Non-Dual Dialects of SlovenianFranc Marušič, Rok Žaucer, Vesna Plesničar, Tina Razboršek, Jessica Sullivan, David Barner, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: How does linguistic structure affect children’s acquisition of early number word meanings? Previous studies have tested this question by comparing how children learning languages with different grammatical representations of number learn the meanings of labels for small numbers, like 1, 2, and 3. For example, children who acquire a language with singular-plural marking, like English, are faster to learn the word for 1 than children learning a language that lacks the singular-plural distinction, perhaps because the word for 1 is always used in singular contexts, highlighting its meaning. These studies are problematic, however, because reported differences in number word learning may be due to unmeasured cross-cultural differences rather than specific linguistic differences. To address this problem, we investigated number word learning in four groups of children from a single culture who spoke different dialects of the same language that differed chiefly with respect to how they grammatically mark number. We found that learning a dialect which features “dual” morphology (marking of pairs) accelerated children’s acquisition of the number word two relative to learning a “non-dual” dialect of the same language.
Ključne besede: števila, številke, slovnično število, dvojina, narečja, usvajanje, učenje, slovenščina, angleščina, numbers, grammatical number, dual, dialects, acquisition, learning, Slovenian, English
Objavljeno v RUNG: 10.08.2016; Ogledov: 4952; Prenosov: 242
Celotno besedilo (1,38 MB) |
50. Beyond Knower Levels: Early partial knowledge of number wordsKatie Wagner, Franc Marušič, Vesna Plesničar, Tina Razboršek, Jessica Sullivan, Rok Žaucer, David Barner, 2015, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Opis: Although both syntax and number words can indicate quantity, only numbers can specify large exact quantities. Do children use
syntax to bootstrap preliminary meanings of number words before mastering precise meanings? We compared errors across
languages on a Give-a-Number task in non-knowers (who have adult meanings for no number words) and subset knowers (who
have adult meanings for fewer than five number words). Participants included learners of English, Spanish, French, and two
dialects of Slovenian. One dialect, Central Slovenian, has rich number morphology including singular, dual, small plural, and large
plural (for 5+). In all languages, subset knowers and some non-knowers demonstrated better than random responding for at least 2
number words beyond the largest number word they comprehended precisely. Additionally, Central Slovenian-learning non- and 1-
knowers responded more accurately to requests for higher numbers than their counterparts in other languages, suggesting that rich
plural marking may bootstrap number word meanings.
Ključne besede: knower level, grammatical number, acquisition of number words, bootstrapping
Objavljeno v RUNG: 21.03.2016; Ogledov: 4862; Prenosov: 0
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
