1. A hyperstructural approach to semisimplicityErgül Türkmen, Burcu Nİşancl Türkmen, Hashem Bordbar, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: In this paper, we provide the basic properties of (semi)simple hypermodules. We show that if a hypermodule M is simple, then (End(M), ·) is a group, where End(M) is the set of all normal endomorphisms of M. We prove that every simple hypermodule is normal projective with a zero singular subhypermodule. We also show that the class of semisimple hypermodules is closed under internal direct sums, factor hypermodules, and subhypermodules. In particular, we give a characterization of internal direct sums of subhypermodules of a hypermodule.
Ključne besede: direct sum, simple hypermodule, semisimple hypermodule
Objavljeno v RUNG: 31.01.2024; Ogledov: 413; Prenosov: 4
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2. Analysis Result of the High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from the ISS-CREAM ExperimentG. Choi, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) experiment successfully recorded the data for about 539 days from August 2017 to February 2019. In this talk, we report the measurement of the cosmic-ray proton energy spectrum from the ISS-CREAM experiment in the energy range of 2.5 TeV - 650 TeV. For the analysis, we used the silicon charge detector (SCD) placed at the top of the ISS-CREAM payload to identify the incoming cosmic-ray charge. The SCD is finely segmented to minimize charge misidentification due to backscatter effects. The four-layer SCD consists of 10,752 silicon pixels, each of which is 1.37×1.57×0.05 cm^3 in size. The calorimeter (CAL) consists of 20 layers of tungsten/scintillating fibers preceded by carbon targets. It provided cosmic-ray tracking, energy determination, and the high-energy trigger. The Top and Bottom Counting detectors (T/BCD) are above and below the CAL, respectively, and provided the low energy trigger. Each T/BCD is composed of an array of 20×20 photodiodes on plastic scintillators. The measured proton spectral index of 2.67±0.02 between 2.5 and 12.5 TeV is consistent with prior CREAM measurements. The spectrum softens above ∼10 TeV consistent with the bump-like structure as reported by CREAM-I+III, DAMPE, and NUCLEON, but ISS-CREAM extends measurements to higher energies than those prior measurement
Ključne besede: ISS-CREAM, silicon charge detector, calorimeter, direct detection, cosmic rays, protons, energy spectrum
Objavljeno v RUNG: 26.09.2023; Ogledov: 602; Prenosov: 6
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3. Results from the Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) experimentE.S. Seo, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) experiment took high-energy cosmic ray data for 539 days after its successful installation on the ISS in August 2017. The ISS-CREAM instrument is configured with complementary particle detectors capable of measuring elemental spectra for Z = 1 - 26 nuclei in the energy range 10^12 – 10^15 eV; as well as electrons at multi-TeV energies. The goal is to understand cosmic ray origin, acceleration, and propagation by extending direct measurements of cosmic rays to energies that overlap the energy region of air showers measurements. The four layers of finely segmented Silicon Charge Detectors provide precise charge measurements. They have been designed to minimize hits of accompanying backscattered particles in the same segment as the incident cosmic ray particle to avoid charge misidentification. The sampling tungsten/scintillating-fiber calorimeter, which is identical to the calorimeter for prior CREAM balloon flights, provides energy measurements. In addition, scintillator-based Top and Bottom Counting Detectors distinguish electrons from nuclei. Our analysis indicates that the data extend well above 100 TeV. Recent results from the ongoing analysis are presented.
Ključne besede: ISS-CREAM, silicon charge detector, calorimeter, direct detection, cosmic rays, electrons, energy spectrum, composition
Objavljeno v RUNG: 26.09.2023; Ogledov: 671; Prenosov: 6
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4. Cosmic-ray Heavy Nuclei Spectra Using the ISS-CREAM InstrumentS.C. Kang, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) was designed to study high-energy cosmic rays up to PeV and recorded data from August 22nd, 2017 to February 12th, 2019 on the ISS. In this analysis, the Silicon Charge Detector (SCD), CALorimeter (CAL), and Top and Bottom Counting Detectors (TCD/BCD) are used. The SCD is composed of four layers and provides the measurement of cosmic-ray charges with a resolution of ∼0.2e. The CAL comprises 20 interleaved tungsten plates and scintillators, measures the incident cosmic-ray particles' energies, and provides a high energy trigger. The TCD/BCDs consist of photodiode arrays and plastic scintillators and provide a low-energy trigger. In this analysis, the SCD top layer is used for charge determination. Here, we present the heavy nuclei analysis using the ISS-CREAM instrument.
Ključne besede: ISS-CREAM, silicon charge detector, calorimeter, direct detection, heavy nuclei, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition
Objavljeno v RUNG: 26.09.2023; Ogledov: 592; Prenosov: 5
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5. Beam Test Results of the ISS-CREAM CalorimeterH.G. Zhang, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass experiment for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM) was installed on the ISS to measure high-energy cosmic-ray elemental spectra for the charge range Z=1 to 26. The ISS-CREAM instrument includes a tungsten scintillating-fiber calorimeter preceded by carbon targets for energy measurements. The carbon targets induces hadronic interactions, and showers of secondary particles develop in the calorimeter. The calorimeter was calibrated with electron beams at CERN. This beam test included position, energy, and angle scans of electron and pion beams together with a high-voltage scan for calibration and characterization. Additionally, an attenuation effect in the scintillating fibers was studied. In this paper, beam test results, including corrections for the attenuation effect, are presented.
Ključne besede: ISS-CREAM, calorimeter, particle accelerator, CERN, electron beam, direct detection, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition
Objavljeno v RUNG: 26.09.2023; Ogledov: 638; Prenosov: 4
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8. Impact of make-in-India campaign on foreign investors towards FDI in IndiaRajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, Saibal K. Pal, 2016, samostojni znanstveni sestavek ali poglavje v monografski publikaciji Opis: Make in India is not just an arousing call for investors, to contribute their serving into the developing economy of India, but a pledge to stimulate the development of manufacturing sector of the country. The major aim of this paper is to discover the determining factors of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), persuading investors to come and investment in India. This paper deals with primary aspects of Make in India campaign and Foreign Direct Investment. In this study, the dependent variable is Foreign Direct Investment and Independent variables are the determinants impacting FDI (market size, GDP, openness of the economy, labor cost and productivity, tax policies, infrastructure, foreign exchange rate, political stability and government regulations). According to the results, this study reveals the positive impact of Make in India campaign and variables impacting FDI for enhancing the domestic wealth of the nation and upholding the pace of progression and advancement. It will be useful for various stakeholders to understand the viewpoints of various investors from different countries looking forward to invest in India.
Ključne besede: make in India, foreign direct investment, Indian economy, foreign investors
Objavljeno v RUNG: 05.04.2021; Ogledov: 2005; Prenosov: 0
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9. Effective inclusion of citizens through e-governance services : case study of direct benefit transfer in IndiaRajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, 2020, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: Traditional Government of any country does not include citizens as a part of the system leading to low trust levels. To eradicate this practice, E-Governance has been introduced which helps in efficient and transparent functioning of the government. The transformation from traditional governance to E-Governance is important and has been studied in the paper through the Case of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) in India. Before the implementation of DBT, India was suffering from malpractices like delay in funds transfer, pilferage practices in government departments, act of corruption by government officials, fake identity of users claiming the amount, and mental/physical harassment to the citizens, for the various types of funds transfer and social welfare schemes. But after effective roll out of DBT, there was a reduction of approximately USD 20 Billion reported on fake accounts in seven years cumulatively across multiple schemes in India. This has led to a good economic growth of the country and has also improved the trust level of citizens on the government of India. It has also led to increase in enrolment of girl child in schools or higher education, reduction of grievances of pensioners, and reduction of false claims. Other nations can learn from this case of effective inclusion of citizens.
Ključne besede: direct benefit transfer, e-governance, India, social welfare schemes, fraud accounts, money leakage, fake profile
Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.04.2021; Ogledov: 1910; Prenosov: 59
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10. Modelling of Macrosegregation of a Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Direct Chill Casting by a Meshless MethodVanja Hatić, 2019, doktorska disertacija Opis: The main aim of the dissertation is to develop a meshless model that describes the solidification and macrosegregation phenomena during the direct chill casting (DCC) of aluminium alloys under the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field. Macrosegregation is an undesired consequence of alloy solidification. It represents one of the major casting defects and substantially reduces the quality of the finished product. On the other hand, low-frequency electromagnetic casting (LFEC) is a process that promises to increase greatly the product quality, including the reduction of macrosegregation. The modelling of both processes is of tremendous importance to the metallurgical industry, due to the high costs of experiments during production.
The volume-averaging formulation is used for the modelling of the solid-liquid interaction. The conservation equations for mass, energy, momentum, and species are used to model the solidification of aluminium-alloy billets in axysimmetry. The electromagnetic-induction equation is coupled with the melt flow. It is used to calculate the magnetic vector potential and the Lorentz force. The Lorentz force is time-averaged and included in the momentum-conservation equation, which intensifies the melt flow. The effect of Joule heating is neglected in the energy conservation due to its insignificant contribution. The semi-continuous casting process is modelled with the Eulerian approach. This implies that the global computational domain is fixed in space. The inflow of the liquid melt is assumed at the top boundary and the outflow of the solid metal is assumed at the bottom. It is assumed that the whole mushy area is a rigid porous media, which is modelled with the Darcy law. The Kozeny-Carman relation is used for the permeability definition. The incompressible mass conservation is ensured by the pressure correction, which is performed with the fractional step method. The conservation equations and the induction equation are posed in the cylindrical coordinate system. A linearised eutectic binary phase diagram is used to predict the solute redistribution in the solid and liquid phases. The micro model uses the lever rule to determine the temperature and the liquid fraction field from the transport equations.
The partial differential equations are solved with the meshless-diffuse-approximate method (DAM). The DAM uses weighted least squares to determine a locally smooth approximation from a discrete set of data. The second-order polynomials are used as the trial functions, while the Gaussian function is used as the weight function. The method is localised by defining a smooth approximation for each computational node separately. This is performed by associating each node with a unique local neighbourhood, which is used for the minimisation. There are 14 nodes included in the local subdomains for the DCC and LFEC simulations. The stability of the advective term is achieved with a shift of the Gaussian weight in the upwind direction. This approach is called the adaptive upwind weight function and is used in the DAM for the first time. The Explicit-Euler scheme is used for temporal discretisation.
The use of a meshless method and the automatic node-arrangement generation makes it possible to investigate the complicated flow structures, which are formed in geometrically complex inflow conditions in a straightforward way. A realistic inflow geometry and mould can therefore be included in the model. The number of computational nodes is increased in the mushy zone and decreased in the solid phase, due to the optimisation of the computational time and memory. The computational node arrangement is automatically adapted with time, as the position of the mushy zone is changed in shape and position.
Ključne besede: low-frequency electromagnetic casting, direct chill casting, macrosegregation, electromagnetic stirring, aluminium alloys, meshless methods, diffuse-approximate method, multiphysics model, solidification
Objavljeno v RUNG: 25.04.2019; Ogledov: 3948; Prenosov: 148
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