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6. Charge transport characterization of P3HT thin-film organic semiconductor : Written report: in fulfilment of diploma seminar 1FAF29 requirementMatija Filipčič, 2021, research project (high school) Abstract: The focus of this diploma seminar is to describe different types of charge transport theory and
models used for finding mobility in semiconductors, more specifically focused on P3HT thin-film
organic semiconductor. It also describes the time-of-flight method, which was used to measure the
experimental data for P3HT with time dependent current I(t) curve. Another data set was obtained
by performing Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations using Miller-Abrahams hopping formalism.
KMC was used to determine the material disorder, simulate I(t) curve and transit time for every
charge carrier. Simulated data, different transit times and mobilities were then finally compared
with experimental, in order to find agreements between the two. Keywords: charge transport, P3HT, thin-film organic semiconductor Published in RUNG: 15.09.2021; Views: 2260; Downloads: 0 This document has many files! More... |
7. Vibrational spectra of am-Al 2 O 3 : tuning a parametric model. : Written report: in fulfillment of Diploma Seminar 1FAF29 requirementsKurtović Jasmin, 2021, research project (high school) Abstract: The present diploma seminar work has been dedicated first to the implementation of a procedure
to calculate the vibrational density of states of two structural models of vitreous SiO 2 (v-
SiO 2 ) and amorphous Al 2 O 3 (am-Al 2 O 3 ) models, and next to tune a parametric model for the
calculation of the infrared (IR) spectra of am-Al 2 O 3 , in particular of the imaginary part of
the dielectric function. The ground state of both structural models is obtained by relaxing
the atomic structure by using the conjugate gradient method as implemented in the LAMMPS
code. Vibrational frequencies and modes are obtained, in the harmonic approximation, by
diagonalizing the dynamical matrices calculated for the given v-SiO 2 and am-Al 2 O 3 structural
models. Dynamical matrices are obtained through a finite differences approach and vibrational
density of states are plotted by applying Gaussian broadening. The calculation of the dielectric
function requires the knowledge of the vibrational frequencies as well as the knowledge of the
dynamical (or Born) charge tensors related to the atoms of the am-Al 2 O 3 structural model.
For the latter model, a parametrization of the ab-initio Born charge tensors has been carried
out with the purpose to allow for the fast calculation of the IR spectrum of any other am-
Al 2 O 3 model without the need to calculate for it the Born charge tensors using expensive ab-
initio methods. The parametrization of Born charge tensors takes into account, for aluminium
atoms, only of the isotropic charge which depends on coordination number and average Al-
O bond length of aluminium atoms, while for oxygen atoms coordinated to three Al atoms
(75%), dynamical charges are parametrized also by the area bounded by aluminium atoms
nearest neighbours of the 3-coordinated oxygen atom. Moreover for analyzing the dynamical
charge tensors of 3-coordinated oxygen atoms a decomposition in terms of the representations
of the spatial rotations was used. The IR spectrum obtained by means of the above described
parametrization provides a good approximation to the IR spectrum obtained by using the ab-
initio calculated dynamical charges, as it differs from it, on average, by around 5.1% which
is much better (12%) than using a average isotropic charge model (i.e. diagonal Born charge
tensors where each diagonal element is one third of the average isotropic charge). Keywords: Vibrational spectra, am-Al 2 O 3, parametric model Published in RUNG: 15.09.2021; Views: 1946; Downloads: 0 This document has many files! More... |
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10. Space weather research with the Pierre Auger ObservatoryMiha Živec, 2019, master's thesis Abstract: Space weather refers to environmental conditions in the interplanetary space and Earth’s
magnetosphere, ionosphere and exosphere and can influence the performance and reliability
of electronics based technological systems. The major role in space weather
changes plays the solar wind, a stream of charged particles (mostly electrons and protons)
with energies of approximately 1 keV, that can cause geomagnetic storms and auroras.
During their entry into the atmosphere, high energy cosmic rays collide with atomic
nuclei of atmospheric gasses. When scattering occurs extensive air showers are created.
Those cascades of secondary particles create flashes of light due to the Cherenkov
effect as well as excite molecules of nitrogen gas in atmosphere, which then glow in
fluorescent light. In order to observe the light created by air showers, it has to be
collected with telescopes. The particles from the cascades that reach ground can be
detected with surface detectors. The Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest observatory
for cosmic ray measurements. It is located in Argentinian pampas covering an area of
3000 km2. It consists of 1660 surface detectors and 27 fluorescence telescopes. For
cosmic rays with energies above few 1017 eV, a precise reconstruction of energy and
direction of primary particle is achievable. Observatory also allows measurement of
flux of incoming particles down to primary energies in ca. 10 GeV - 10 TeV interval, with a median energy ca. 80-90 GeV. This measurement capability is called "scaler"
mode, since the corresponding data consist of scaler counted cascade particles with
deposited energy between 15 and 100 MeV, at the average rate of 2 kHz per individual
surface detector.
For the purpose of this master thesis I compared the data from scaler mode measurements
with measurements of neutron monitors, which are commonly used for space weather
observations. With the correlation received from the comparison, I showed that scaler
mode operation of Pierre Auger observatory can be used to monitor space weather events
such as solar cycle and the decreases in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity due
to solar wind (Forbush decrease). Keywords: Pierre Auger Observatory, cosmic rays, space weather, Forbush decrease Published in RUNG: 17.09.2019; Views: 4992; Downloads: 181 Full text (5,21 MB) |