21. The new instrument using a TC–BC (total carbon–black carbon) method for the online measurement of carbonaceous aerosolsMartin Rigler, Luka Drinovec, Gašper Lavrič, Anastasia Vlachou, André S. H. Prévôt, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Iasonas Stavroulas, Jean Sciare, Judita Burger, Irena Krajnc, Janja Turšič, Anthony D. A. Hansen, Griša Močnik, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We present a newly developed total carbon analyzer (TCA08) and a method for online speciation of carbonaceous aerosol with a high time resolution. The total carbon content is determined by flash heating of a sample collected on a quartz-fiber filter with a time base between 20 min and 24 h. The limit of detection is approximately 0.3 µg C, which corresponds to a concentration of 0.3 µg C m−3 at a sample flow rate of 16.7 L min−1 and a 1 h sampling time base. The concentration of particulate equivalent organic carbon (OC) is determined by subtracting black carbon concentration, concurrently measured optically by an Aethalometer®, from the total carbon concentration measured by the TCA08. The combination of the TCA08 and Aethalometer (AE33) is an easy-to-deploy and low-maintenance continuous measurement technique for the high-time-resolution determination of equivalent organic and elemental carbon (EC) in different particulate matter size fractions, which avoids pyrolytic correction and the need for high-purity compressed gases. The performance of this online method relative to the standardized off-line thermo-optical OC–EC method and respective instruments was evaluated during a winter field campaign at an urban background location in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The organic-matter-to-organic-carbon ratio obtained from the comparison with an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was OM/OC=1.8, in the expected range. Ključne besede: total carbon, aeroosl, black carbon, carbonaceous matter Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.08.2020; Ogledov: 2975; Prenosov: 76 Celotno besedilo (226,45 KB) |
22. A new optical-based technique for real-time measurements of mineral dust concentration in PM10 using a virtual impactorLuka Drinovec, Jean Sciare, Iasonas Stavroulas, Spiros Bezantakos, Michael Pikridas, FLORIN UNGA, Chrysanthos Savvides, Bojana Višnjić, Maja Remškar, Griša Močnik, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Atmospheric mineral dust influences Earth’s radiative
budget, cloud formation, and lifetime; has adverse
health effects; and affects air quality through the increase of
regulatory PM10 concentrations, making its real-time quantification
in the atmosphere of strategic importance. Only
few near-real-time techniques can discriminate dust aerosol
in PM10 samples and they are based on the dust chemical
composition. The online determination of mineral dust using
aerosol absorption photometers offers an interesting and
competitive alternative but remains a difficult task to achieve.
This is particularly challenging when dust is mixed with
black carbon, which features a much higher mass absorption
cross section. We build on previous work using filter photometers
and present here for the first time a highly timeresolved
online technique for quantification of mineral dust
concentration by coupling a high-flow virtual impactor (VI)
sampler that concentrates coarse particles with an aerosol absorption
photometer (Aethalometer, model AE33). The absorption
of concentrated dust particles is obtained by subtracting
the absorption of the submicron (PM1) aerosol fraction
from the absorption of the virtual impactor sample (VIPM1
method). This real-time method for detecting desert
dust was tested in the field for a period of 2 months (April and
May 2016) at a regional background site of Cyprus, in the
Eastern Mediterranean. Several intense desert mineral dust
events were observed during the field campaign with dust
concentration in PM10 up to 45 μgm Ključne besede: aerosol absorption, mineral dust, on-line detection, air quality Objavljeno v RUNG: 20.07.2020; Ogledov: 2821; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
23. Substantial brown carbon emissions from wintertime residential wood burning over FranceYunjiang Zhang, Alexandre Albinet, Jean-Eudes Petit, Véronique Jacob, Florie Chevrier, Gregory Gille, Sabrina Pontet, Eve Chrétien, Marta Dominik-Sègue, Gilles Levigoureux, Griša Močnik, Valérie Gros, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Olivier Favez, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Brown carbon (BrC) is known to absorb light at subvisible wavelengths but its optical properties and sources are still poorly documented, leading to large uncertainties in climate studies. Here, we show its major wintertime contribution to total aerosol absorption at 370 nm (18–42%) at 9 different French sites. Moreover, an excellent correlation with levoglucosan (r2 = 0.9 and slope = 22.2 at 370 nm), suggesting important contribution of wood burning emissions to ambient BrC aerosols in France. At all sites, BrC peaks were mainly observed during late evening, linking to local intense residential wood burning during this time period. Furthermore, the geographic origin analysis also highlighted the high potential contribution of local and/or small-regional emissions to BrC. Focusing on the Paris region, twice higher BrC mass absorption efficiency value was obtained for less oxidized biomass burning organic aerosols (BBOA) compared to more oxidized BBOA (e.g., about 4.9 ± 0.2 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1 m2 g−1, respectively, at 370 nm). Finally, the BBOA direct radiative effect was found to be 40% higher when these two BBOA fractions are treated as light-absorbing species, compared to the non-absorbing BBOA scenario. Ključne besede: Brown carbon, Multi sites, Residential wood burning, Mass absorption efficiency, France Objavljeno v RUNG: 20.07.2020; Ogledov: 3123; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
24. Ceramic synthesis of disordered lithium rich oxyfluoride materialsJean-Marcel Ateba Mba, Iztok Arčon, Gregor Mali, Elena Tchernychova, Ralf Witte, Robert Kruk, Miran Gaberšček, Robert Dominko, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: Disordered lithium-rich transition metal oxyfluorides with a general formula Li1þxMO2Fx (M being a transition
metal) are gaining more attention due to their high specific capacity which can be delivered from the facecentered
cubic (fcc) structure. The most common synthesis procedure involves use of mechanosynthesis. In
this work, ceramic synthesis of lithium rich iron oxyfluoride and lithium rich titanium oxyfluoride are reported.
Two ceramic synthesis routes are developed each leading to the different level of doping with Li and F and
different levels of cationic disorder in the structure. Three different Li1þxMO2Fx samples (x ¼ 0.25, 0.3 and 1) are
compared with a sample prepared by mechanochemical synthesis and non-doped LiFeO2 with fcc structure. The
obtained lithium rich iron oxyfluoride are characterized by use of M€ossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray absorption
spectroscopy, NMR and TEM. Successful incorporation of Li and F have been confirmed and specific capacity that
can be obtained from the samples is in the correlation with the level of disorder introduced with doping,
nevertheless oxidation state of iron in all samples is very similar. Conclusions obtained from lithium rich iron
oxyfluoride are validated by lithium rich titanium oxyfluoride. Ključne besede: Lithium batteries
Face centered-cubic
Oxyfluoride
Li-rich
Disorder Objavljeno v RUNG: 05.06.2020; Ogledov: 4523; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
25. Effects of a Mixed O/F Ligand in the Tavorite-Type LiVPO4O StructureSorour Semsari Parapari, Jean-Marcel Ateba Mba, Elena Tchernychova, Gregor Mali, Iztok Arčon, Gregor Kapun, Mehmet Ali Gülgün, Robert Dominko, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: We report the synthesis and detailed structural
and chemical characterization including electrochemical
properties of a lithium vanadium oxy/fluoro-phosphate
material. To the best of our knowledge, we have for the first
time synthesized a LiVPO4O-type phase with a mixed O/F
ligand. In the synthesis procedure, the LiVPO4O precursor
compound was fluorinated via LiF incorporation, with
preservation of the LiVPO4O framework structure. The
operating potential of the synthesized material is increased
compared to that of the LiVPO4O precursor (4.12 V vs 3.95 V
versus metallic lithium, respectively). The related increase in
operating potential was assigned to the effect of the
intermixing O/F ligand, which is attained via the successful
fluorine incorporation into the LiVPO4O structure. A characterization of the investigated materials was performed using
microscale-covering XRD, XANES, and NMR techniques as well as nanoscale spatially resolved imaging and analytical STEM
techniques. The obtained oxy/fluoro-phosphate phase is isostructural to LiVPO4O; however, the presence of the mixed O/F
ligand promoted a higher symmetry of vanadium octahedra. These variations of the vanadium local environment along with the
observed inhomogeneous distribution of the incorporated fluorine gave rise to the minor local deviations in vanadium valence.
Our results clearly emphasize the connection among the fluorine ligand incorporation, its local distribution, and the
electrochemical properties of the material. Ključne besede: LiVPO4O, XRD, SEM, V XANES, Tavorite-Type, electrochemical properties Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.02.2020; Ogledov: 2987; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
26. On the Cost of Scalar Implicatures : An Eye-Tracking StudyGreta Mazzaggio, Anne Reboul, Chiara Caretta, Mélody Darblade, Jean-Baptiste van der Henst, Anne Cheylus, Penka Stateva, 2019, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci Ključne besede: scalar implicature, reaction time, eye-tracking, sentence evaluation task Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.09.2019; Ogledov: 3207; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
27. Pragmatic abilities in bilinguals : The case of scalar implicaturesLudivine Dupuy, Penka Stateva, Sara Andreetta, Anne Cheylus, Viviane Déprez, Jean-Baptiste van der Henst, Jacques Jayez, Arthur Stepanov, Anne Colette Reboul, 2018, izvirni znanstveni članek Opis: The experimental literature on the pragmatic abilities of bilinguals is rather sparse. The only study investigating adult second language (L2) learners ( Slabakova, 2010 ) found an increase of pragmatic responses in that population relative to monolinguals. The results of studies on early bilingual children are unclear, some finding a significant increase in pragmatic responses in early bilingual children (preschoolers) relative to monolinguals ( Siegal et al., 2007 ), while another ( Antoniou and Katsos, 2017 ), testing school children, does not. We tested adult French L2 learners of English and Spanish (in their two languages) as well as French monolingual controls in Experiment 1 and Italian-Slovenian early bilingual children (in both languages) and Slovenian monolingual controls in Experiment 2. Our results were similar to those of Antoniou and Katsos (2017) in early bilingual children, but different from those of Siegal et al. (2007) . We found no pragmatic bias in adult L2 leaners relative to adult monolinguals. Ključne besede: quantifier, scalar implicature, L2 learner, bilingualism Objavljeno v RUNG: 17.01.2018; Ogledov: 3787; Prenosov: 0 Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
28. L’impact de l’apprentissage d’une langue seconde sur les capacités pragmatiques : le cas des implicatures scalairesLudivine Dupuy, Penka Stateva, Sara Andreetta, Anne Cheylus, Jean-Baptiste van der Henst, Jacques Jayez, Arthur Stepanov, Anne Reboul, 2017, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Opis: There is a vast amount of studies on some forms of implicit communication such as scalar implicatures by monolingual speakers, but few studies have been carried out on the pragmatic capacities of second language learners. The only available data have been collected in Slabakova (2010). This study has shown that L2 learners are more pragmatic than L1 speakers by interpreting a scalar term in their L2. However the replicability of the results has been called into question because of methodological issues and conclusions ignoring empirical data on cognitive processing of scalar implicatures. We therefore used the same experimental material as Slabakova (2010) but improved the methodology and asked two groups of L2 French learners to make a sentence verification task. After a short context, they had to judge an underinformative sentence based on the scalar terms , (). The L2 learners have been tested in their two languages and compared to a sample of French monolinguals. The results of Slabakova (2010) have been replicated since the L2 learners make more inferences in French as monolinguals do. Our results also show that the L2 learners more often derive implicatures in their L1 than monolinguals in the same L1. This suggests that learning a second language has an impact on the way to communicate not only in the L2 but also in the L1. Ključne besede: pragmatic abilities, scalar implicatures, L2 bilingualism Objavljeno v RUNG: 07.12.2017; Ogledov: 4217; Prenosov: 193 Celotno besedilo (806,33 KB) |
29. Performance of the Mechanical Structure of the SST-2M GCT proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope ArrayJean-Laurent Dournaux, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, 2015, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci Ključne besede: Cherenkov Telescope Array, small-size telescope (SST) design for CTA, dual-mirror (2M) Schwarzschild-Couder optical design, Gamma Cherenkov Telescope (GCT): SST-2M telescope design, mechanical structure Objavljeno v RUNG: 21.11.2016; Ogledov: 4465; Prenosov: 244 Celotno besedilo (422,88 KB) |
30. The filter loading effect by ambient aerosols in filter absorption photometers depends on the mixing state of the sampled particlesLuka Drinovec, Asta Gregorič, Peter Zotter, Robert Wolf, Emily Anne Bruns, Andre S.H. Prevot, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, JEAN SCIARE, Ian J. Arnold, Rajan K. Chakrabarty, Hans Moosmüller, Agnes Fülöp-Miller, Griša Močnik, 2016, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: black carbon, mixing state, Aethalometer, filter-loading effect Objavljeno v RUNG: 02.11.2016; Ogledov: 5607; Prenosov: 281 Celotno besedilo (2,07 MB) |