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1.
Bodies of noise at the Bell Laboratories : early automated speech recognition, contribution at the Editorial Workshop - A Special Issue on Acoustic Space, November 9-10, 2022, Frankfurt/Main
Eszter Polónyi, 2022, other performed works

Abstract: This paper is about the first automated systems developed to recognize identity. While automated recognition in the twenty-first century is widely associated with images of the human face, its roots are to be found in attempts to visualize identity in other, non-figural types of trace left by human bodies, ranging as widely as shadows, astrological signs, handwriting, the prints left by palms and fingers and the acoustics of the human voice. This paper investigates one such system of recognition as it emerged from within the telecommunications industry context in the midcentury U.S. Ostensibly built to reduce human labor and cable bandwidth, Bell Labs developed three different phone devices in the 1950s to photograph, formalize and analyze the sounds of speech as they traveled through the telephony system. And while the device called “Audrey” indeed succeeded in recognizing spoken digits, it was its failure to recognize the speech contents without prior awareness of the identity of the speaker, that is to distinguish between the individuality of the speaking “medium” and their intended meaning, that arguably made the experiment a landmark in the history of machine-driven recognition. Accounting for the “noise” made by the body and the environment from which sound emanated into the device, which the lab’s technicians defined as ranging from “speech defects” to “inflection” and “background interference” proved more important than phonetic analysis in determining the intended message of given speech spectogram. Similarly to a range of experiments with noise by formalist filmmakers such as Tony Conrad, John Cage, Kurt Kren and others, it was on the principle of contingency and irreproducible uniqueness that Bell Lab technicians sought to train machine-driven intelligence.
Keywords: History of computer science, machine learning, Bell Labs, history of telecommunications, sound studies
Published in RUNG: 19.02.2024; Views: 277; Downloads: 4
.pdf Full text (31,80 MB)

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Nonlinear time series and principal component analyses: Potential diagnostic tools for COVID-19 auscultation
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, RAJ VIMAL, RENJINI A, SREEJYOTHI S, SANKARARMAN S, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: The development of novel digital auscultation techniques has become highly significant in the context of the outburst of the pandemic COVID 19. The present work reports the spectral, nonlinear time series, fractal, and complexity analysis of vesicular (VB) and bronchial (BB) breath signals. The analysis is carried out with 37 breath sound signals. The spectral analysis brings out the signatures of VB and BB through the power spectral density plot and wavelet scalogram. The dynamics of airflow through the respiratory tract during VB and BB are investigated using the nonlinear time series and complexity analyses in terms of the phase portrait, fractal dimension, Hurst exponent, and sample entropy. The higher degree of chaoticity in BB relative to VB is unwrapped through the maximal Lyapunov exponent. The principal component analysis helps in classifying VB and BB sound signals through the feature extraction from the power spectral density data. The method proposed in the present work is simple, cost-effective, and sensitive, with a far-reaching potential of addressing and diagnosing the current issue of COVID 19 through lung auscultation.
Keywords: Breath sound analysis, Fractal dimension, Nonlinear time series analysis, Sample entropy, Hurst exponent, Principal component analysis
Published in RUNG: 28.06.2022; Views: 1422; Downloads: 0
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5.
When art gets more rigorous than science
2020, radio or television broadcast, podcast, interview, press conference

Keywords: research, ethics, bioart, anthropocene, methodologies, mixed research, temporal community, learning by sharing, sonic film, sound art
Published in RUNG: 25.02.2021; Views: 2098; Downloads: 24
URL Link to full text

6.
Algorithms matter and one should better understand them
2020, radio or television broadcast, podcast, interview, press conference

Keywords: algorithm, programming, technology, languages, sonic arts, sound, contemporary art
Published in RUNG: 23.02.2021; Views: 1948; Downloads: 16
URL Link to full text

7.
The Sounds of Balázs's Cinema
Eszter Polonyi, invited lecture at foreign university

Keywords: film studies, media studies, sound studies, early film theory, Weimar film, authorship studies
Published in RUNG: 14.12.2020; Views: 2023; Downloads: 0
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8.
Seeing words on the screen, Béla Balázs, "Fraeulein Else" and the emergence of the film script
Eszter Polonyi, unpublished conference contribution

Keywords: film history, sound transition, Elizabeth Bergner, film theory, history of medicine
Published in RUNG: 11.12.2020; Views: 2236; Downloads: 0
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9.
Shaking Komiža Narratives
Peter Purg, Adam Whitehall, Lavoslava Benčič, Dorian Mataija, 2013, artistic work

Abstract: This video work documents "an inter-media and site-specific percussive opinion on the Mapping Komiža Narratives ( adriart.net/mapping-komi-narratives ) show/exhibition on 12.9.2013 at the Reading room (Čitaona) of Komiža, island of Vis, Croatia, by pETER Purg, together with Lavoslava Benćić (mobile phone; digi-theremin) and Dorian Mataija (shakers, keyboard/sampler)." The video was shot by Adam Whitehall (also credited for the Spieldose-background-theme-WeAreTheChampions), the piece was collectively evolved, coordinated by pETER Purg. "With the support of the Lifelong Learning, Erasmus, Programme of the European Union. These videos reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein."
Keywords: video, experiment, percussion, narrative, intermedia, sound
Published in RUNG: 06.07.2016; Views: 5905; Downloads: 0

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