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Title:Učinki herbicida glifosata v čisti obliki in v pripravku na deževnike (Eisenia andrei)
Authors:ID Žižek, Suzana (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Dukić, Sandra (Author)
Files:.pdf RAZ_Dukic_Sandra_i2016.pdf (1,35 MB)
MD5: 8D9817CF802DBDF9E1D59268F01E0160
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FZO - Faculty of Environmental Sciences
Abstract:Zaradi naraščanja svetovnega prebivalstva prihaja do vse večjih potreb po pridelavi hrane, posledično pa so tla izpostavljena vse večjim pritiskom izrabe ter različnim onesnaževalom, med katerimi prevladujejo pesticidi. Najbolj razširjen razred pesticidov v kmetijstvu so herbicidi, od katerih je najpogosteje uporabljen glifosat. Ker imajo pesticidi mnogokrat učinke na netarčne organizme, se zanje izvajajo ocene tveganj. Učinke na organizme se preverja s standardiziranimi ekotoksikološkimi testi. V okviru sledečega diplomskega dela se je raziskovalo oziroma primerjalo učinke dveh različnih oblik glifosata na deževnike vrste Eisenia andrei, Bouché, 1972. Uporabljen je bil glifosat v pripravku ter glifosat v obliki čiste aktivne učinkovine. Po podatkih iz literature naj bi bili pripravki zaradi vsebnosti pomožnih sredstev za talne organizme bolj strupeni. Pri ugotavljanju vpliva na rast deževnikov je prišlo do ugotovitve, da je glifosat v pripravku res bistveno bolj vplival na spremembo mas živali, saj so se v mnogih primerih znižale. Medtem so se pri čistem glifosatu povečale pri vseh uporabljenih koncentracijah pesticida. Na umrljivost v obeh primerih ni bilo vpliva, saj so preživele vse živali. Pri ugotavljanju vpliva na razmnoževanje je bil test s čistim glifosatom po kriterijih OECD neveljaven, zato ni bilo mogoče primerjati rezultatov. Vseeno je iz vseh dobljenih rezultatov mogoče sklepati, da glifosat za deževnike ni zelo strupen.
Keywords:Glifosat, pesticidi, deževniki, Eisenia andrei, strupenost, ekotoksikologija
Place of publishing:Nova Gorica
Year of publishing:2016
PID:20.500.12556/RUNG-2570 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:4495611 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UNG:REP:NQSZPILO
Publication date in RUNG:15.09.2016
Views:7413
Downloads:333
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The effects of the herbicide glyphosate in its pure form and in formulation on earthworms (Eisenia andrei)
Abstract:Due to increasing world population there is an increasing demand for the production of food and, consequently, soil is exposed to increasing pressures and various types of pollutants, among which pesticides prevail. The most widespread class of pesticides in agriculture are herbicides, of which glyphosate is the most widely used. Since pesticides often have negative effects on non-target organisms, they are subjected to risk assessment. Effects on organisms are reviewed by standardized ecotoxicological tests. Within the framework of this diploma thesis the effects of two different forms of glyphosate on earthworms of the species Eisenia andrei, Bouché, 1972, were investigated and compared. A commercial formulation of glyphosate and glyphosate as a pure active ingredient were used. According to literature data, formulations are expected to be more toxic for soil organisms due to the presence of adjuvants. In determining the influence on the growth of earthworms, it was found that the formulation had indeed affected the change in masses of the animals considerably more than the active ingredient, because in many cases, masses decreased while at all concentrations of the pure active ingredient the animals' masses increased. Mortality was not affected, since all animals survived trough both experiments. In determining the effect on reproduction, the test with pure glyphosate was invalid due to OECD criteria, so it was not possible to compare the results. However, overall it can be concluded that glyphosate is not very toxic for earthworms.
Keywords:Glyphosate, pesticides, earthworms, Eisenia andrei, toxicity, exotoxicology


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