| Title: | Chemistry of the iron-chlorine thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production utilizing industrial waste heat |
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| Authors: | ID Valant, Matjaž (Author)
ID Luin, Uroš (Author) |
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| Files: |  1-s2.0-S0959652624001288-main.pdf (3,17 MB)
MD5: A9AD0BC1552DE91C4EDC1FDD0934BA76
240124.pdf (3,80 MB)
MD5: 2FFC1BD1430426644A282E072A43BD06
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652624001288?via%3Dihub
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Unknown |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | UNG - University of Nova Gorica
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| Abstract: | This research presents an inventive thermochemical cycle that utilizes a reaction between iron and HCl acid for hydrogen production. The reaction occurs spontaneously at room temperature, yielding hydrogen and a FeCl2 solution as a by-product. Exploring the thermal decomposition of the FeCl2 by-product revealed that, at conditions suitable for utilization of low-temperature industrial waste heat (250 °C), chlorine gas formation can be circumvented. Instead, the resulting by-product is HCl, which is readily soluble in water, facilitating direct reuse in subsequent cycles. The utilization of low-temperature industrial heat not only optimizes resource utilization and reduces operational costs but also aligns with environmentally sustainable production processes. From the kinetic studies the activation energy was calculated to be 45 kJ/mol and kinetics curves were constructed. They showed significant kinetics at room temperature and above but rapid decrease towards lower temperatures. This is important to consider during real-scale technology optimization. The theoretical overall energy efficiency of the cycle, with 100% and 70% heat recuperation, was calculated at 68.8% and 44.8%, respectively. In practical implementation, considering the efficiency of DRI iron reduction technology and free waste heat utilization, the cycle achieved a 41.7% efficiency. Beyond its energy storage capabilities, the Iron-chlorine cycle addresses safety concerns associated with large-scale hydrogen storage, eliminating self-discharge, reducing land usage, and employing cost-effective storage materials. This technology not only facilitates seasonal energy storage but also establishes solid-state energy reserves, making it suitable for balancing grid demands during winter months using excess renewable energy accumulated in the summer. |
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| Keywords: | chemical cycles, hydrogen production, thermal decomposition, reaction kinetics, iron, chlorine |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 01.01.2024 |
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| Year of publishing: | 2024 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-8 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 438, [article no.] 140681 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/RUNG-8751  |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 180664323 |
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| UDC: | 54 |
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| ISSN on article: | 0959-6526 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140681 |
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| NUK URN: | URN:SI:UNG:REP:BV7M4AYE |
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| Publication date in RUNG: | 12.01.2024 |
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| Views: | 1826 |
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| Downloads: | 43 |
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