31. A single-beam photothermal interferometer for in situ measurements of aerosol light absorptionBradley Visser, Jannis Röhrbein, Peter Steigmeier, Luka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, Ernest Weingartner, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: We have developed a novel single-beam photothermal interferometer and present here its application for the measurement of aerosol light absorption. The use of only a single laser beam allows for a compact optical set-up and significantly easier alignment compared to standard dual-beam photothermal interferometers, making it ideal for field measurements. Due to a unique configuration of the reference interferometer arm, light absorption by aerosols can be determined directly – even in the presence of light-absorbing gases. The instrument can be calibrated directly with light-absorbing gases, such as NO2, and can be used to calibrate other light absorption instruments. The detection limits (1σ) for absorption for 10 and 60 s averaging times were determined to be 14.6 and 7.4 Mm−1, respectively, which for a mass absorption cross section of 10 m2 g−1 leads to equivalent black carbon concentration detection limits of 1460 and 740 ng m−3, respectively. The detection limit could be reduced further by improvements to the isolation of the instrument and the signal detection and processing schemes employed.
Keywords: aerosol, aerosol absorption, black carbon, photo-thermal interferometer, climate change
Published in RUNG: 29.12.2020; Views: 2584; Downloads: 74
 Full text (2,44 MB) |
32. Can we explain strict ordering restrictions with extralinguistic properties?Franc Marušič, Petra Mišmaš, Rok Žaucer, Luka Komidar, Gregor Sočan, unpublished conference contribution Abstract: Cartographic approach to syntax models strict universal word orders with a universal hierarchy of functional projections. For example, universal order of adjectives [Adjs]
(cf. Hetzron 1978, Sproat & Shih 1991, etc.), supposedly comes from a universal hierarchy of
FPs which host specific types of Adjs (Scott 2002). Adopting this as a premise, we explore the
origin of this hierarchy, i.e., the origin of the specific ordering of individual FPs in the
functional hierarchy and thus the origin in which Adjs end up being linearized.
Keywords: adjectives, cartography, universal hierarchy of functional projections, general cognition, experimental syntax, cognitive foundations of syntax
Published in RUNG: 16.10.2020; Views: 2702; Downloads: 0
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33. Performance of microAethalometers: Real-world Field Intercomparisons from Multiple Mobile Measurement Campaigns in Different Atmospheric EnvironmentsHoney Alas, Thomas Mueller, Kay Weinhold, Sascha Pfeifer, Kristina Glojek, Asta Gregorič, Griša Močnik, Luka Drinovec, Francesca Costabile, Martina Ristorini, A. Wiedensohler, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Small aethalometers are frequently used to measure equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentrations in the context of personal exposure and air pollution mapping through mobile measurements (MM). The most widely used is the microAethalometer (AE51). Its performance in the laboratory and field is well documented, however, there is not sufficient data in the context of its performance in different environments. In this investigation, we present the characterization of the performance of the AE51 through field unit-to-unit intercomparisons (IC), and against a reference absorption photometer from three MM campaigns conducted in drastically different environments. Five IC parameters were considered: i) study area, ii) location of IC, iii) time of day, iv) duration of IC, and v) correction for the filter-loading effect. We can conclude that it is crucial where and how long the IC have been performed in terms of the correlation between the mobile and reference instruments. Better correlations (R2 > 0.8, slope = 0.8) are achieved for IC performed in rural, and background areas for more than 10 minutes. In locations with more homogenous atmosphere, the correction of the loading effect improved the correlation between the mobile and reference instruments. In addition, a newer microAethalometer model (MA200) was characterized in the field under extreme cold conditions and correlated against another MA200 (R2 > 0.8, slope ≈ 1.0), AE51(R2 > 0.9, slope ≈ 0.9), and a stationary Aethalometer (AE33) across all wavelengths (R2 > 0.8, slope ≈ 0.7). For MA200, the loading effect was more pronounced, especially at the lower wavelengths, hence the correction of the loading effect is essential to improve the correlation against the AE33. The MA200 and AE51 proved to be robust and dependable portable instruments for MM applications. Real-world quality assurance of these instruments should be performed through field IC against reference instruments with longer durations in areas of slowly changing eBC concentration.
Keywords: Portable instruments, Mobile monitoring, Black carbon, Instrument intercomparisons
Published in RUNG: 15.09.2020; Views: 2646; Downloads: 183
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34. Photo-thermal interferometerLuka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, 2020, patent Abstract: A photo-thermal interferometer for measuring the light absorption of an aerosol or gas comprises a first laser source emitting a laser beam and a beam splitter adapted to divide the laser beam into a probe beam and a reference beam. The interferometer further comprises first optical elements which are adapted to direct the probe beam such that it passes through the aerosol and interferes with the reference beam thereafter thereby causing interference patterns. A detector detects the interference patterns. The interferometer further comprises a second laser source configured to emit a pump beam for transferring energy to the aerosol. Second optical elements are adapted to direct the pump beam such that it overlaps with the probe beam at least partially in the aerosol or gas. At least one of the second optical elements modifying the pump beam is an axicon.
Keywords: aerosol, absorption, black carbon
Published in RUNG: 15.09.2020; Views: 2903; Downloads: 0
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35. The new instrument using a TC–BC (total carbon–black carbon) method for the online measurement of carbonaceous aerosolsMartin Rigler, Luka Drinovec, Gašper Lavrič, Anastasia Vlachou, André S. H. Prévôt, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, IASONAS STAVROULAS, Jean Sciare, Judita Burger, Irena Krajnc, Janja Turšič, Anthony D. A. Hansen, Griša Močnik, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: We present a newly developed total carbon analyzer (TCA08) and a method for online speciation of carbonaceous aerosol with a high time resolution. The total carbon content is determined by flash heating of a sample collected on a quartz-fiber filter with a time base between 20 min and 24 h. The limit of detection is approximately 0.3 µg C, which corresponds to a concentration of 0.3 µg C m−3 at a sample flow rate of 16.7 L min−1 and a 1 h sampling time base. The concentration of particulate equivalent organic carbon (OC) is determined by subtracting black carbon concentration, concurrently measured optically by an Aethalometer®, from the total carbon concentration measured by the TCA08. The combination of the TCA08 and Aethalometer (AE33) is an easy-to-deploy and low-maintenance continuous measurement technique for the high-time-resolution determination of equivalent organic and elemental carbon (EC) in different particulate matter size fractions, which avoids pyrolytic correction and the need for high-purity compressed gases. The performance of this online method relative to the standardized off-line thermo-optical OC–EC method and respective instruments was evaluated during a winter field campaign at an urban background location in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The organic-matter-to-organic-carbon ratio obtained from the comparison with an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was OM/OC=1.8, in the expected range.
Keywords: total carbon, aeroosl, black carbon, carbonaceous matter
Published in RUNG: 17.08.2020; Views: 2903; Downloads: 76
Full text (226,45 KB) |
36. A new optical-based technique for real-time measurements of mineral dust concentration in PM10 using a virtual impactorLuka Drinovec, Jean Sciare, IASONAS STAVROULAS, Spiros Bezantakos, Michael Pikridas, FLORIN UNGA, Chrysanthos Savvides, Bojana Višnjić, Maja Remškar, Griša Močnik, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Atmospheric mineral dust influences Earth’s radiative
budget, cloud formation, and lifetime; has adverse
health effects; and affects air quality through the increase of
regulatory PM10 concentrations, making its real-time quantification
in the atmosphere of strategic importance. Only
few near-real-time techniques can discriminate dust aerosol
in PM10 samples and they are based on the dust chemical
composition. The online determination of mineral dust using
aerosol absorption photometers offers an interesting and
competitive alternative but remains a difficult task to achieve.
This is particularly challenging when dust is mixed with
black carbon, which features a much higher mass absorption
cross section. We build on previous work using filter photometers
and present here for the first time a highly timeresolved
online technique for quantification of mineral dust
concentration by coupling a high-flow virtual impactor (VI)
sampler that concentrates coarse particles with an aerosol absorption
photometer (Aethalometer, model AE33). The absorption
of concentrated dust particles is obtained by subtracting
the absorption of the submicron (PM1) aerosol fraction
from the absorption of the virtual impactor sample (VIPM1
method). This real-time method for detecting desert
dust was tested in the field for a period of 2 months (April and
May 2016) at a regional background site of Cyprus, in the
Eastern Mediterranean. Several intense desert mineral dust
events were observed during the field campaign with dust
concentration in PM10 up to 45 μgm
Keywords: aerosol absorption, mineral dust, on-line detection, air quality
Published in RUNG: 20.07.2020; Views: 2740; Downloads: 0
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37. STUDY OF ELECTRONIC STATES OF THIN METAL FILMS ON HEAVY METAL SURFACES : MASTER'S THESISLuka Novinec, 2018, master's thesis Abstract: V magistrskem delu smo se osredoto£ili na pripravo in karakterizacijo
heterogenih ve£plastnih tankih filmov sestavljenih iz kovin ter teºkih kovin.
Za izdelavo vzorcev smo izbrali dve feromagnetni kovini, Fe in Gd, ter
eno divalentno kovino iz redkih zemelj, Yb. Tanke filme smo nana²ali na
kristalno povr²ino volframa W(110) ter molibdena Mo(110). V primeru Fe
na povr²ini W(110) in Mo(110) ter Yb na pov²ini Mo(110) smo uspe²no
dolo£ili pogoje, potrebne za nana²anje atomsko enakomernih filmov. S pomo
£jo kotno odvisne fotoemisije smo preu£evali kvantna stanja v Fe in Yb
filmih na Mo in W kristalih. Celotno eksperimentalno delo je potekalo na
ºarkovnih linijah VUV-Photoemission in²tituta (ISM-CNR) ter BaDElPh
pri sinhrotronu Elettra v Trstu.
Keywords: electronic states, thin metal films, heavy metal surfaces
Published in RUNG: 04.12.2019; Views: 4004; Downloads: 105
Full text (25,10 MB) |
38. Upodobitev ženskega lika v modni fotografijiTeotim Logar Zorn, 2019, master's thesis Abstract: Magistrsko delo Upodobitev ženskega lika v modni fotografiji obravnava zgodovino razvoja modne fotografije in njenega načina upodobitve ženskega lika. Naloga je razdeljena na dva dela, ki iz različnih vidikov razlagata žensko vlogo v modni fotografiji. Prvi del se opira na izbrane modne fotografije in preko njih razlaga razvoj modne fotografije od njenega začetka do danes. Dotika se tudi družbene situacije posameznega obdobja, ki je ključna za razumevanje vsebine modne fotografije. Drugi del se posveča teoretični razlagi ključnih dejavnikov, ki tvorijo modno fotografijo in se dotika učinka modne fotografije na gledalca, vpliva feminizma na modno fotografijo, modernizacije družbe, teorije spola in razvoja idealne ženske podobe.
Za temo raziskovanja sem se odločil zaradi želje po poglobljenem razumevanju vpliva fotografije na družbo in njene izpovedne vrednosti. Magistrsko delo se osredotoča na upodobitev ženskega lika tako, da se posveča predvsem interpretaciji fotografij, pristopa ter stila njihovih avtorjev in opredeljevanju razlike med realno in idealno žensko podobo.
Po teoretičnem delu sledi opis praktičnega dela magistrske naloge, fotografske serije z naslovom Digitalizacija. Ta obravnava interpretacijo človeškega vstopanja v digitalni svet in prikazuje variacijo njegovega človeškega doživljanja.
V zaključku bom pojasnil svoj vidik na razvoj modne fotografije in njen spremenjen vpliv na družbo ter opredelil razlike med resnično in upodobljeno žensko podobo.
Keywords: idealizacija, človeško telo, spol, ženstvenost, feminizem, seksizem, fetiš, pripovedna vrednost, modna fotografija, družbena kritika, analogno-digitalno, vizualna umetnost
Published in RUNG: 11.11.2019; Views: 4725; Downloads: 192
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39. |
40. Prepoznavnost izbrane zavarovalne družbe in trženje njihovih storitev v Upravni enoti AjdovščinaLuka Česen, 2019, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Konkurenca na področju zavarovalništva je velika in trg zahteven. Zavarovalnice med seboj tekmujejo za prepoznavnost svojih ponudb in storitev. Zavarovanje pomeni varnost pred določenim dogodkom ali dejstvom.
V trženjskem smislu je zavarovanje prodaja obljube zavarovalnice na zavarovalnem trgu z namenom, da v primeru škodnega dogodka nadomesti finančne posledice, poškodbe ali izgube z odškodnino. Na enega ključnih dejavnikov, ki odločajo o sklenitvi zavarovanja pri izbrani zavarovalnici, vpliva profesionalni zavarovalni zastopnik. Življenjska zavarovanja so dolgoročna zavarovanja, saj se večinoma sklepajo za zavarovano obdobje daljše od 10 let. Stranka se z odločitvijo o sklenitvi življenjskega zavarovanja sreča lahko le enkrat v življenju. Za sklenitev življenjskega zavarovanja se odločimo, ker želimo zagotoviti varnost družini v primeru smrti, dodatna sredstva k pokojnini ali dodatno zavarovanje za poplačilo kredita, ki smo ga najeli v primeru naše smrti.
Zavarovalnica Adriatic Slovenica d. d. nudi strankam svoje storitve v stabilni, razvejani tržni mreži tudi na območju upravne enote Ajdovščina.
V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge smo predstavili zavarovanje na splošno, oblike življenjskih zavarovanj, trženje zavarovalnih storitev, dejavnost, trg in položaj Skupine AS (Adriatic Slovenica d. d.). V analitičnem delu smo analizirali prepoznavnost Adriatic Slovenica d. d. in trženje zavarovalnih storitev na območju upravne enote Ajdovščina. Z analizo o prepoznavanju Skupine AS in trženjskih zavarovalnih storitev smo prišli do sklepov in ugotovitev, ki bi morda pomagali podjetju, da bi z večjim marketinškim vložkom bolj pritegnili potrošnike.
Keywords: Adriatic Slovenica d. d., zavarovalnica, zavarovalništvo, trženje zavarovalnih storitev, prepoznavanje, analiza, sociodemografski vpliv
Published in RUNG: 03.04.2019; Views: 4127; Downloads: 201
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