1. The measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and the depth of maximum shower development of Telescope Array Hybrid trigger eventsH. Shin, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2022, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The Telescope Array experiment is an ultra-high energy cosmic ray observatory located in Millard County, Utah, USA. The observatory consists of 3 fluorescence detector (FD) stations and 507 surface detectors (SD) that cover an area of ~700 km^2. Hybrid trigger is an external trigger system for the SD arrays that prompts the SD to perform data acquisition when an FD detects a shower-like event. In comparison with the SD autonomous trigger, hybrid trigger allows the SD to collect the data of an air shower that has primary energy below 10^18.5 eV, where the efficiency of SD autonomous trigger decreases rapidly. We present the measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and the depth of maximum shower development of hybrid trigger events observed from October 2010 to September 2014.
Keywords: Telescope Array, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, fluorescence detection, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition
Published in RUNG: 04.10.2023; Views: 654; Downloads: 5
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2. Interior BCK/BCI-algebrasSun Shin Ahn, Hashem Bordbar, Young Bae Jun, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The notions of interior BCK/BCI-algebras, positive implicative interior BCK-algebras, (weak) interior ideals, positive implicative interior ideals, a positive implicative weak interior ideal of type 1, type 2, and type 3 are introduced, and related properties are investigated. A mapping is provided to the set of all involutions of a bounded BCK-algebra in relation to any interior BCKalgebra so that the set of all involutions of a bounded BCK-algebra can be an interior BCK-algebra. The relationship between interior ideals, weak interior ideals, and positive implicative interior ideals is established. The conditions under which a weak interior ideal can change to an interior ideal are founded. The conditions for an interior ideal to be a positive implicative interior ideal are provided. The scalability for a positive implicative interior ideal is discussed. The relationship between type 1, type 2, and type 3 on positive implicative weak interior ideals are investigated. The relationship between weak interior ideal and positive implicative weak interior ideal of type 1, type 2, and type 3 are established.
Keywords: interior BCK/BCI-algebras, positive implicative interior, BCK-algebras, (weak) interior ideals, positive implicative interior ideals
Published in RUNG: 21.07.2021; Views: 1816; Downloads: 45
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3. Tender and naive weak closure operations on lower BCK-semilattices.Hashem Bordbar, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: The notion of tender and naive weak closure operation is introduced, and their relations and properties are investigated. Using a weak closure operation "d" and an ideal A of a lower BCK-semilattice X with the greatest element 1, a new ideal K of X containing the ideal Acl of X is established. Using this ideal K, a new function clt : I(X) → I(X); A → K is given, and related properties are considered. We show that if "cl" is a tender (resp., naive) weak closure operation on I(X), then so are "clt" and clf.
Keywords: zeromeet element, meet ideal, relative annihilator, (finite type, tender, naive) weak closure operation.
Published in RUNG: 02.12.2019; Views: 2778; Downloads: 0
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4. Weak closure operations on ideals of BCK-algebrasHashem Bordbar, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: Weak closure operation, which is more general form than closure operation, on ideals of BCK- algebras is introduced, and related properties are investigated. Regarding weak closure operation, finite type and (strong) quasi-primeness are considered. Also positive implicative (resp., commutative and implicative) weak closure operations are discussed.
Keywords: weak closure operation of finite type, (quasi-prime, positive implicative, commutative, implica- tive) weak closure operation.
Published in RUNG: 01.12.2019; Views: 3086; Downloads: 0
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5. Semiring structures based on meet and plus ideals in lower BCK-semilatticesHashem Bordbar, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: The notion of the meet set based on two subsets of a lower BCK-semilattice X is introduced, and related properties are investigated. Conditions for the meet set to be a (positive implicative, commutative, implicative) ideal are discussed. The meet ideal based on subsets, and the plus ideal of two subsets in a lower BCK-semilattice X are also introduced, and related properties are investigated. Using the meet operation and addition, the semiring structure is induced.
Keywords: Lower BCK-semilattice, meet set, meet ideal, plus ideal, meet operation, addition, semiring.
Published in RUNG: 01.12.2019; Views: 2677; Downloads: 0
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