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THE ROLE OF SPECT/CT SCINTIGRAPHY IN LOCALIZATION OF PARATHYROID ADENOMAS
Sebastijan Rep, 2016, master's thesis

Abstract: Parathyroid scintigraphy is based on the different accumulation and distribution of radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-MIBI (MIBI) in parathyroid and adjacent tissues. Different scintigraphic techniques can be used: subtraction scintigraphy is a combination of MIBI and 99mTc-pertehnetate (pertehnetate) scintigraphy; SPECT can be performed after intravenous injection of MIBI or in the combination with low-dose computerized tomography (SPECT/CT) which allows precise anatomical localization of enlarged parathyroid glands (EPG). The objectives of our study were: to assess diagnostic performance of preoperative localization of EPG (adenomas and hyperplasia) of the early, delayed and combined SPECT/CT and of subtraction scintigraphy in patients with biochemically proven primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP); to determine whether size of EPG, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) correlate with successful localization; to assess radiation exposure of patients with early and late SPECT/CT and subtraction scintigraphy The study included 41 patients in whom early, delay SPECT/CT and subtraction scintigraphy were performed. For all scintigraphic methods sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was used to express relationship between scintigraphy results and size of the EPG and serum Ca, P and PTH levels. ImPACT CT Patient Dosimetry Calculator and weighting factors for radiopharmaceuticals (MIBI and pertechnetate) were used for calculating patient expose dose. Sensitivity and specificity were 51.1% and 98.3 for subtraction scintigraphy, 65.1% and 97.5% for early SPECT/CT and 65.1% and 95.5% for delay SPECT/CT. In combined early and delay SPECT/CT sensitivity and specificity were 74.4% and 95.1%.Only size of the EPG correlated with successful localization in our study (AUC of 0.791-0.810). The highest average ED per patient had subtraction scintigraphy (7.37±0.40 mSv), which was statistically significant higher in comparison to combined early and delayed SPECT/CT (6.81±0.44 mSv). The most sensitive and most accurate method of preoperative localization of EPG in patients with PHP is combined early and delayed SPECT/CT. Only size of the EPG correlates with successful localization. The highest radiation exposure is after subtraction scintigraphy.
Keywords: Enlarged parathyroid glands, early SPECT/CT, delayed SPECT/CT, combined SPECT/CT, subtraction scintigraphy, 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-pertechnetate, effective dose, serum parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate
Published in RUNG: 03.10.2016; Views: 6508; Downloads: 252
.pdf Full text (1,03 MB)

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ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVE DOSES BASED ON VARIOUS RADON MEASURING TECHNIQUES
Nataša Smrekar, 2016, master's thesis

Abstract: In my master's thesis, I have focused on radon gas in 43 buildings used for different purposes (23 schools, 3 kindergartens, 16 offices and a residential house) in which preliminary measurements had shown higher concentrations of radon gas. I carried out measurements of radon and short-lived radon products whilst simultaneously employing different measurement techniques. In all 43 buildings, I measured the instantaneous concentration of radon by using scintillation cells; in 18 buildings, I additionally measured the average concentration of radon by using solid state nuclear track detectors and in 10 buildings, I measured concentration retrospectively with solid state nuclear track detectors. In four selected buildings (a school, a kindergarten, an office and a residential house), I carried out the measurements by using all of the available equipment. I monitored the daily fluctuations of concentration of radon and short-lived radon products by using continuous monitors in 14 buildings. This is how I obtained the factor of radioactive equilibrium between radon and its short-lived products. Based on the results obtained, I calculated the effective doses. As the basis for calculating the doses, I used the instantaneous and average concentrations of radon and the equilibrium factor taken from literature (0.40) or own measurements. I compared the doses and critically evaluated them. In contrast to the previous research, I researched radon exclusively in areas with increased risk for radon. I studied the influence of the working regime on the concentration of radon in different working environments (i.e. a school, a kindergarten and an office).
Keywords: Radon, short-lived radon products, measurement technique, scintillation cell, solid-state nuclear track detector, retrospective detector, equilibrium factor, effective dose, comparison.
Published in RUNG: 28.09.2016; Views: 6265; Downloads: 283
.pdf Full text (1,86 MB)

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ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE CHANCES FOR SLUDGE TREATMENT AT NEW CENTRAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Renata Janja Slovša, 2016, master's thesis

Abstract: The purpose of this master’s thesis is to present the operation of a large municipal waste water treatment plant in Slovenia with over 300.000 PE and its efficiency, and through a theoretical analysis to present the current practice and alternative options of sewage sludge treatment in Slovenia and around the globe. The main objective of master's thesis is to present the most possible alternative scenarios for the final managing of sewage sludge from WWTPs and at this objective we take into consideration the impact on Carbon Foot Print (CFP). Due to scenarios (thermal utilisation of dried sludge (90% d.m.) in a cement plant, co-incineration of dehydrated sludge (25% d.m.) in a local power plant, thermal utilisation of dried sludge (90% d.m.) in a local power plant, incineration of dehydrated sludge (25% d.m.) in own plant, incineration of dried sludge (90% d.m.) in own plant, and also prohibited scenarios such as sludge utilisation in the soil -fertilization, sludge disposal in the landfill) we calculated CFP and we find out that CFP of various methods of thermal sludge treatment are more or less similar but absolutely smaller than convetional sewage sludge treatment. The CFP is more favourable for dehydrated sludge than for pre-dried sludge, and it is also more favourable for treatment in industrial furnaces (heat power plant, cement plant) than in individual waste incineration facilities.
Keywords: odpadne vode, odpadno blato iz čistilnih naprav, čistilne naprave, primerjalne analize, analiza življenjskega cikla, ogljični odtis, toplogredni plini
Published in RUNG: 20.07.2016; Views: 5191; Downloads: 290
.pdf Full text (2,33 MB)

17.
Diurnal cycling of urban aerosols under different weather regimes
Asta Gregorič, Luka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, Maja Remškar, Janja Vaupotič, Samo Stanič, 2016, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Keywords: kakovost zraka, črn ogljik, aerosoli
Published in RUNG: 03.05.2016; Views: 5280; Downloads: 234
.pdf Full text (33,73 KB)

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Študij atmosferskih procesov v Vipavski dolini na podlagi razširjanja aerosolov
Maruška Mole, Longlong Wang, Asta Gregorič, Klemen Bergant, Luka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, Samo Stanič, Janja Vaupotič, Marko Vučković, 2016, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Vipavska dolina je geomorfološko dokaj zaprta, kar po eni strani omogoča pojav močne burje, po drugi strani pa ob stabilnih meteoroloških razmererah ugodne pogoje za kopičenje aerosolov znotraj prizemne mejne plasti. Poznavanje dinamike višinske porazdelitve aerosolov s sočasno uporabo prizemnih meritev omogoča raziskave lokalnih emisij aerosolov, transporta aerosolov na daljše razdalje ter značilnih atmosferskih struktur, ki se pojavijo v različnih vremenskih pogojih. Pri meritvah smo uporabili metode daljinskega zaznavanja z lidarjem, ki omogočajo opazovanje časovnega in prostorskega spreminjanja koncentracij aerosolov, ter točkovne meritve, ki omogočajo njihovo prepoznavanje in določanje njihovih lastnosti. Ugotovili smo, da je mogoče lidarske meritve uporabiti za študij vrste atmosferskih procesov in struktur v zelo različnih vremenskih pogojih. Opazili smo manjše konvekcijske strukture znotraj prizemne mejne plasti in gravitacijske valove nad njo. Meritve vsebnosti in lastnosti aerosolov pri tleh kažejo, da se lahko ob stabilnih atmosferskih pogojih v primerih povečanja lokalnih emisij njihove koncentracije hitro povečajo. Dinamiko in strukturo razširjanja aerosolov znotraj Vipavske doline bomo v prihodnje podrobneje raziskali s sočasnim prostorskim pregledovanjem z metodami daljinskega zaznavanja.
Keywords: aerosoli, atmosferski procesi, daljinsko zaznavanje, Vipavska dolina
Published in RUNG: 25.01.2016; Views: 6718; Downloads: 9
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Vpliv okolja in bivalnih navad na raven radona v domovih : diplomsko delo
Miha Leban, 2013, undergraduate thesis

Keywords: bivalne navade, domovi, geologija, lastnosti zgradbe, notranji zrak, radon, diplomske naloge
Published in RUNG: 25.04.2014; Views: 6177; Downloads: 428
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