| Title: | Indication of a mass-dependent anisotropy above 10^18.7 eV in the hybrid data of the Pierre Auger Observatory |
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| Authors: | ID Mayotte, E.W. (Author)
ID Filipčič, Andrej (Author)
ID Lundquist, Jon Paul (Author)
ID Stanič, Samo (Author)
ID Vorobiov, Serguei (Author)
ID Zavrtanik, Danilo (Author)
ID Zavrtanik, Marko (Author)
ID Zehrer, Lukas (Author), et al. |
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| Files: |  ICRC2021_321.pdf (1,33 MB)
MD5: 9914F78159A901771409257E487E5577
 https://pos.sissa.it/395/321/
https://pos.sissa.it/395/321/pdf
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Not categorized |
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| Typology: | 1.08 - Published Scientific Conference Contribution |
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| Organization: | UNG - University of Nova Gorica
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| Abstract: | We test the hypothesis of an anisotropy laying along the galactic plane which depends on the mass of primary cosmic-rays. The sensitivity to primary mass is provided by the depth of shower maximum, Xmax, from hybrid events measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The 14 years of available data are split into on- and off-plane regions using the galactic latitude of each event to form two distributions in Xmax, which are compared using the Anderson-Darling 2-samples test.
A scan over a subset of the data is used to select an optimal threshold energy of 10^18.7 eV and a galactic latitude splitting at |b|=30∘, which are then set as a prescription for the remaining data. With these thresholds, the distribution of Xmax from the on-plane region is found to have a 9.1±1.6+2.1−2.2 g/cm2 shallower mean and a 5.9±2.1+3.5−2.5 g/cm2 narrower width than that of the off-plane region. These differences are as such to indicate that the mean mass of primary particles arriving from the on-plane region is greater than that of those coming from the off-plane region.
Monte-Carlo studies yield a 4.4σ post-penalization statistical significance for the independent data. Including the scanned data results in a 4.9+1.4−1.5σ post-penalization statistical significance, where the uncertainties are of systematic origin. Accounting for systematic uncertainties leads to an indication for anisotropy in mass composition above 10^18.7 eV at a confidence level of 3.3σ. The anisotropy is observed independently at each of the four fluorescence telescope sites. Interpretations of possible causes of the observed effect are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Pierre Auger Observatory, indirect detection, fluorescence detection, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, composition, anisotropy, Xmax, galactic plane |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Year of publishing: | 2022 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/RUNG-8514  |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 166744835 |
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| DOI: | 10.22323/1.395.0321 |
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| NUK URN: | URN:SI:UNG:REP:HV9F6RPN |
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| Publication date in RUNG: | 03.10.2023 |
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| Views: | 647 |
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| Downloads: | 6 |
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