61. KINETICS OF CELLULOSE DEGRADATION STUDIED USING SIZE EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHYAneta Balažic Fabjan, 2016, master's thesis Abstract: For more than five centuries, paper has been the predominant carrier of information and numerous medieval manuscripts bear witness of its durability. However, increasing demand for paper led to several changes in its production in the 19th century. High quality rag fibres were replaced by inferior wood-originating ones. Acid manufacturing technology was introduced which, due to its simplicity and low cost, continued to be used until the end of the 20th century. Inherently stable paper rapidly degrades in the presence of acids and its decay is further promoted by the poor storage conditions and environmental pollutants. As a result, the amount of degraded paper in libraries, archives and museums is reaching enormous proportions. In order to prolong the usable time of the vast quantities of original materials, paper collections may be deacidified and/or stored at lower temperatures. While preservation options are known, lack of the competent comparative studies leaves collection keepers hesitant of their use. The introductory part of the project is focused on development of analytical methodologies and model materials, representative of historical acid paper. As uniqueness and inherent value of cellulose-based cultural heritage limits the use of analytical methodologies to the non-destructive or micro-destructive ones. A new methodology for determination of the condition of paper was developed. The analytical technique-size exclusion chromatography for the first time allows us to reproducible determine the condition of paper which contains a significant amount of wood derived lignin. A few fibres suffice for the analysis, which renders the methodology suitable for characterisation of historical materials. The results of the research will represent the effect of deacidification processes with use of micro destructive analytical methodologies. As written word is all what we have for our legacy from generation to generation, evaluating preservation strategies for decaying collections, safekeeping and long term access to the endangered written cultural heritage is one of the most important facts.
Keywords: paper, size exclusion chromatography, kinetics, deacidification process
Published in RUNG: 02.09.2016; Views: 6568; Downloads: 282
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62. STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF MANGANESE-FUNCTIONALIZED SILICA AEROGELS : MASTER'S THESISTatjana Kobal, 2016, master's thesis Abstract: Manganese-functionalized silica with interparticle mesoporosity and isolated Mn sites (Mn/Si = 0.01) is an excellent Fenton catalyst for water cleaning. However, there is a problem that needs to be solved, i.e., Mn leaching from the silica support during the reaction. The solution may lie in using aerogels as the silicate supports for the manganese. The goal of this master thesis is the synthesis and characterization of manganese-functionalized silica aerogels with different Mn/Si molar ratios and a determination of their structural properties. The emphasis is on the preparation of manganese-functionalized silica aerogels with isolated manganese sites.
Firstly, manganese-functionalized microporous and mesoporous silicates with a molar ratio Mn/Si = 0.005–0.02 were synthesized according to the literature and characterized as reference materials for manganese-functionalized aerogels. Manganese silicalite-1 (MnS-1) as a microporous zeolite-type silicate and manganese-functionalized silica (MnKIL-2) as a mesoporous silicate were prepared by the sol-gel process with a hydrothermal and solvothermal treatment, respectively. MnS-1 and MnKIL-2 with a molar ratio of Mn/Si ≤ 0.01 contain manganese as isolated sites in the silica framework and with a molar ratio of Mn/Si > 0.01 contain manganese as manganese oxides.
Secondly, manganese-functionalized aerogels (MnAEG) with a molar ratio Mn/Si = 0.005–0.02, were prepared according to the acid-base of the sol-gel polymerization of a tetraethylorthosilicate precursor, which is followed in combination with a supercritical drying using CO2. The prepared materials were characterized using the following techniques: X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray elemental analysis (EDX), nitrogen physisorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results on manganese-functionalized aerogels (MnAEG) showed Mn oxide nanoparticles incorporated into the aerogel already at a low Mn concentration (Mn/Si = 0.005), which means that Mn aerogels are not promising silica supports for Mn catalysts applied for water cleaning, because they do not contain isolated Mn sites.
Keywords: : SiO2 aerogels, manganese-functionalized SiO2 aerogels, sol–gel process, CO2 supercritical drying
Published in RUNG: 02.09.2016; Views: 6187; Downloads: 239
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63. Agreement errors and structural distance: A corpus study of BulgarianPenka Stateva, Arthur Stepanov, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: In this work we address the phenomenon of substitution of the special “count form” suffix of masculine non-person nouns in Bulgarian numeral phrases for a simple plural morpheme. This substitution phenomenon is observed in everyday speech and writing and is noted by traditional Bulgarian grammarians. We propose to treat this phenomenon on a par with agreement errors previously investigated in the language production literature on English (e.g. “The editor of the books are...”) and on the Romance languages. We conducted a corpus study of agreement substitution errors in Bulgarian, the results of which support the psycholinguistic theories maintaining, in particular, that structural hierarchy is relevant for the computation of agreement in language production.
Keywords: agreement, error, count form, feature, distance, Bulgarian
Published in RUNG: 29.08.2016; Views: 4768; Downloads: 0 |
64. VideoStaringPeter Purg, 2016, artistic work Abstract: An online video album of currently (2016, after the first gathering phase of 2 years) a dozen of short videos of either 1, 2 or 3-minute length. Each couple of months another "videostare" is added.
The videos are all single-shot, no editing, recorded -- by pETER Purg, the author -- with mobile phone, when staring at phenomena.
Keywords: video, staring, new media, streming, staring, gazing perspective
Published in RUNG: 06.07.2016; Views: 4062; Downloads: 0 |
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66. IDEATE: a serious interplay of disciplines and culturesPeter Purg, 2016, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: Based on both quantitative and qualitative findings after two course runs in 2015 and 2016, the article will evaluate key
aspects of the IDEATE.me entrepreneurship workshop model – as serious play. In the IDEATE course university students from
four different countries and disciplines respond together to a contemporary challenge of global social significance,
eventually presenting a full product or service prototype. As a media-technology supported ecosystem, the blendedlearning
pedagogy offers space for particular gamification strategies, such as social and narrative suspense, win-win
oriented competition, conceptual way-finding, new-territory mapping etc. Seeking balance between own disciplinary
autonomy and exploring new roles, the students of IDEATE play along to navigate intercultural and interdisciplinary
environments, permeated by new electronic media – but still relying on body-in-space. Addressing teachers and university
managers, the entrepreneurial pedagogy of IDEATE will unfold on the background of the "eculog" paradigm (M. Giesecke),
suggesting a timely understanding of interdisciplinary communication and collaboration.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, pedagogy, new media, media ecology, eculog
Published in RUNG: 24.06.2016; Views: 4781; Downloads: 0
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