101. Vấn đề Đối xứng và Lý thuyết về Hàm ngôn (trên tư liệu tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt)Thành Việt Cao, 2014, master's thesis Abstract: A consequence of Grice’s maxims is that the proposition which is asserted is the most informative one in the set of relevant propositions which the speaker believes to be true (cf. Grice 1967). This consequence contradicts in reality in the case there are two relevant propositions which are both more informative than the assertion but contradict each other. This contradiction is the so-called “symmetry problem” in the literature. This thesis introduces the symmetry problem and disscusses two approaches to dissolve it, in which the second one develops from the first one.
Keywords: symmetry, alternatives, implicatures
Published in RUNG: 14.01.2025; Views: 322; Downloads: 2
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109. Periodic gamma-ray modulation of the blazar PG 1553+113 confirmed by Fermi-LAT and multiwavelength observationsS. Abdollahi, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, P. Bruel, Gabrijela Zaharijas, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Abstract
A 2.1 yr periodic oscillation of the gamma-ray flux from the blazar PG 1553+113 has previously been tentatively identified in ∼7 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. After 15 yr of Fermi sky-survey observations, doubling the total time range, we report >7 cycle gamma-ray modulation with an estimated significance of 4σ against stochastic red noise. Independent determinations of oscillation period and phase in the earlier and the new data are in close agreement (chance probability <0.01). Pulse timing over the full light curve is also consistent with a coherent periodicity. Multiwavelength new data from Swift X-Ray Telescope, Burst Alert Telescope, and UVOT, and from KAIT, Catalina Sky Survey, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and Owens Valley Radio Observatory ground-based observatories as well as archival Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer satellite-All Sky Monitor data, published optical data of Tuorla, and optical historical Harvard plates data are included in our work. Optical and radio light curves show clear correlations with the gamma-ray modulation, possibly with a nonconstant time lag for the radio flux. We interpret the gamma-ray periodicity as possibly arising from a pulsational accretion flow in a sub-parsec binary supermassive black hole system of elevated mass ratio, with orbital modulation of the supplied material and energy in the jet. Other astrophysical scenarios introduced include instabilities, disk and jet precession, rotation or nutation, and perturbations by massive stars or intermediate-mass black holes in polar orbit.
Keywords: gamma rays, AGNs
Published in RUNG: 13.01.2025; Views: 398; Downloads: 10
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