71. Polyphenol profiles in white wines : a ǂcomparative analysis of vinification methodsMagdalina Mihajlovska, 2024, research project (high school) Abstract: In our graduation seminar, we studied the effects of extended maceration of grape mash on polyphenol extraction in white wine production. Data from the literature show that grape variety plays an important role in the influence of the skin contact procedure on the extraction of phenolics. The polyphenol content of Chardonnay was improved by 24-hour cryomaceration of the mash at 8.0°C and 6.0°C, whereas no such effect was observed at 4.0°C. In the case of Malvasia, the maximum amount of caftaric and caffeic acid was obtained after 21 days of post-fermentation maceration at 16.0°C. These findings underscore the potential of controlled maceration to enrich white wines with greater complexity and antioxidant capacity. However, polyphenols are very susceptible to oxidation, especially during the initial stage of grape processing, leading to the formation of brown pigments and an amber color in such wines, which may also occur during the aging process if the phenolic-rich white wine is not sufficiently protected by other antioxidants. The changes in phenolics during prolonged maceration or aging of vintage white wines are not yet well understood. Further research is needed to elucidate the chemical reactions and transformations of polyphenols during prolonged skin contact and aging in order to develop targeted approaches to produce high-quality white wines with prolonged maceration of the mash with desirable sensory and health-promoting properties.
Keywords: polyphenols, white wine, skin contact, winemaking procedures
Published in RUNG: 19.08.2024; Views: 365; Downloads: 0
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74. Chemical characterization of cider produced in hardanger : from juice to finished ciderIngunn Ovsthus, Mitja Martelanc, Alen Albreht, Tatjana Radovanović, Urban Česnik, Branka Mozetič Vodopivec, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Our investigation delves into the previously uncharted territory of cider composition from Norway. This study aimed to obtain an overview of the qualitative and quantitative compositions of general chemical parameters, polyphenols (individual and total expressed as gallic acids equivalents), selected esters, and selected C6-alcohols in ciders with the PDO label Cider from Hardanger. In total, 45 juice and cider samples from the fermentation process were collected from 10 cider producers in Hardanger in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Individual sugars, acids, ethanol, and 13 individual phenols were quantified using HPLC-UV/RI. Seven ethyl esters of fatty acids, four ethyl esters of branched fatty acids, ten acetate esters, two ethyl esters of hydroxycinnamic acids, and four C6-alcohols were quantified using HS-SPME-GC-MS. For samples of single cultivars (‘Aroma’, ‘Discovery’, ‘Gravenstein’, and ‘Summerred’), the sum of the measured individual polyphenols in the samples ranges, on average, from 79 to 289 mg L−1 (the lowest for ‘Summerred’ and highest for ‘Discovery’ and ‘Gravenstein’). Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant polyphenol in all samples. Ethyl butyrate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, isoamyl acetate, and hexanol were present at concentrations above the odour threshold and contributed to the fruity flavour of the Cider from Hardanger.
Keywords: cider, volatile aroma, esters, higher alcohols, polyphenols
Published in RUNG: 14.08.2024; Views: 446; Downloads: 4
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75. Decolonizing literary studies : unveiling postcolonial narratives in post-Yugoslav academic curriculaSara Vukotić, Darko Ilin, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This paper explores the presence and integration of postcolonial studies in literature education within the faculties of philology in the capitals of the former Yugoslav countries. Focusing on the emerging field of critical curriculum studies, the research delves into the nuanced landscape of literature education, particularly at higher levels, specifically emphasizing literary students’ specialized education. The study contextualizes postcolonial studies as a hybrid space for theoretical discourse, tracing its roots to anticolonial critique and contemporary Western theories. Drawing on the anticolonial heritage of socialist Yugoslavia and its involvement in the Non-Aligned Movement, the paper navigates the complexities of (post)colonial dynamics in the Balkans. This paper investigates the presence, or absence, of postcolonial theory in literature curricula within humanities faculties in the former Yugoslav countries’ capital cities. This research is based on the close interconnection of literature and postcolonial theory, whose origins lie within the literary representation of colonization relations. The primary objective is to discern the extent to which postcolonial studies are integrated into literary education and what implications this holds within the national context. Through an examination of course programs and content at various academic levels, the research aims to illuminate the role of postcolonial theory in shaping the narrative of literature education in the context of the former Yugoslavia.
Keywords: postcolonial theory, curriculum, literary education, former Yugoslavia, higher education
Published in RUNG: 13.08.2024; Views: 457; Downloads: 6
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76. The ǂcircular economy : the ǂbutterfly diagram, systems theory and the economic pluriverseKeith R. Skene, Andreea Oarga-Mulec, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: earth system, non-linearity, emergence, regeneration, resilience, restoration, supply chain network
Published in RUNG: 12.08.2024; Views: 430; Downloads: 2
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78. Osnove senzorike : predavanje na usposabljanju Izobraževanje o osnovah senzorike, mikrovinifikacije in kemijskih lastnosti vin, Vipava, Center za raziskave vina, 10. maj 2024Marko Lesica, 2024, other performed works Abstract: Strokovno usposabljanje partnerjev pilotnega projekta EIP DRES - Testiranje uporabe drenovih jagod pri proizvodnji sadnih vin in partnerjev pilotnega projekta EIP PA-HAS - Pilotna alkoholna pijača z uporabo haskap jagod. Usposabljanje je s področja osnov senzorične analize alkoholnih pijač
Keywords: cider, senzorična analiza, poskusne fermentacije, drenove jagode, haskap jagode
Published in RUNG: 09.08.2024; Views: 436; Downloads: 0
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80. Origins of fine structure in DNA melting curvesArevik V. Asatryan, Albert S. Benight, Artem Badasyan, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: With the help of the one-dimensional random Potts-like model, we study the origins of fine structures observed on differential melting profiles of double-stranded DNA. We theoretically assess the effects of sequence arrangement on DNA melting curves through the comparison of results for random, correlated, and block sequences. Our results re-confirm the smearing out of the fine structure with the increase in chain length for all types of sequence arrangements and suggest that the fine structure is a finite-size effect. We have found that the fine structures on melting curves of chains comprised of blocks with correlations in sequence are more persistent, probably because of increased sequence disorder the blocks introduce. Many natural DNAs show a well-expressed fine structure of melting profiles. Our results for block sequences may suggest the existence of such sequence motifs in natural DNA sequences.
Keywords: disordered systems, DNA melting, Potts model
Published in RUNG: 08.08.2024; Views: 506; Downloads: 3
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