1. A characterization of normal injective and normal projective hypermodulesErgül Türkmen, Burcu Nİşancl Türkmen, Hashem Bordbar, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: This study is motivated by the recently published papers on normal injective and normal
projective hypermodules. We provide a new characterization of the normal injective and normal
projective hypermodules by using the splitting of the short exact sequences of hypermodules. After presenting some of their fundamental properties, we show that if a hypermodule is normal projective, then every exact sequence ending with it is splitting. Moreover, if a hypermodule is a normal injective, then every exact sequence starting with it is splitting as well. Finally, we investigate the relationships between semisimple, simple, normal injective, and normal projective hypermodules.
Keywords: short exact sequence, normal injective hypermodule, normal projective hypermodule
Published in RUNG: 20.06.2024; Views: 11; Downloads: 0
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3. Hungarian speakers use morphological dependencies in inflecting novel formsGuy Tabachnick, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Theories of morphology must account for lexicalized variation: lexical items that differ unpredictably in their inflection must be memorized individually and differ in their stored representation. When tested on such cases, adult speakers usually follow the Law of Frequency Matching (Hayes et al. 2009), extending gradient phonological patterns from the lexicon. This paper looks at lexicalized variation in the Hungarian possessive: first, I show that a noun’s choice of possessive is partially predicted by its plural form as well as its phonological shape. Then, using a novel nonce word paradigm, I show that Hungarian speakers productively apply this cooccurrence pattern between the plural and possessive. I handle lexicalized variation with diacritic features marking lexical entries and propose that Hungarian speakers have learned a gradient cooccurrence relation between diacritic features indexing their plural and possessive forms, extending the sublexicon model of Gouskova et al. (2015). In this proposal, morphological knowledge is distributed across rules in a generative grammar, individual lexical items indexed for their morphological properties, and pattern-matching grammars storing generalizations over those indexed lexical items.
Keywords: frequency matching, diacritic features, inflectional paradigms, productivity, wug test, Hungarian
Published in RUNG: 18.06.2024; Views: 79; Downloads: 0
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4. Categorical approach of normal injective and torsionable hypermodulesHashem Bordbar, 2024, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: Inspired by the characterization of injective objects in category theory,
our main purpose in this research is to investigate the relationships of di-
visible and injective hypermodules with torsion elements and torsionable
hypermodules with a category approach. These days, it is extremely
tempt- ing to do the research in an Abelian category, so we discuss these
topics in an Abelian category. For a Krasner R-hypermodule M, we ex-
tend the definition of a zero-divisor element of R to a zero-divisor ele-
ment of R over M, and then the definition of divisible R-hypermodule is
introduced. Be- sides, the torsion element and torsionable hypermodule
are introduced and we show that every torsionable R-hypermodule M is a
normal injective, where R is a commutative hyperring.
Keywords: hypermodules, hyperrings, normal injective, normal projective
Published in RUNG: 18.06.2024; Views: 76; Downloads: 0
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5. Native agarose gels and contact blotting as means to optimize the protocols for the formation of antigen-ligand complexesClaudia D'Ercole, Ario De Marco, 2024, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: Background. Protein complexes provide valuable biological information but can be difficult to handle [1]. Therefore, technical advancements designed to improve their manipulation are al-ways useful.
Methods. We investigated the opportunity to exploit native agarose gels and the contact bot method for the transfer of native proteins to membranes as means for optimizing the conditions for obtaining stable complexes [2]. As a simple model of protein-protein interactions, an anti-gen-ligand complex was used in which both proteins were fused to reporters.
Results. At each step, it was possible to visualize both the antigen, fused to a fluorescent pro-tein, and the ligand, fused to a monomeric ascorbate peroxidase (APEX) and, as such, a way to tune the protocol. The conditions for the complex formation were adapted by modifying the buffer conditions, the concentration of the proteins and of the cross-linkers.
Conclusions. The procedure is rapid, inexpensive, and the several detection opportunities al-lows for both the monitoring of complex stability and the preservation of the functionality of its components, which is critical for understanding their biomedical implications and supporting drug discovery. The overall protocol represents a handy alternative to gel filtration, uses very standard and ubiquitous equipment, and can be implemented rapidly and without specific train-ing.
References:
[1] O. Puig, F. Caspary, G. Rigaut, B. Rutz, E. Bouveret, E. Bragado-Nilsson, M. Wilm, B. Séraphin. The tandem affinity purification (TAP) method: a general procedure of protein complex purification. Methods. (San Diego, Calif.), 24(3), 218–229
[2] C. Sakuma, M. Nakagawa, Y. Tomioka, T. Maruyama, K. Entzminger, J.K. Fleming, T. Shibata, Y. Kurosawa, C.J. Okumura, T. Arakawa, T. Akuta. Western blotting of native proteins from agarose gels. Biotechniques. 2022 May;72(5):207-218
Keywords: protein complexes, contact blotting, native agarose gels, protein interaction
Published in RUNG: 17.06.2024; Views: 81; Downloads: 0
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