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182. Exhaled volatile organic compounds and respiratory disease : recent progress and future outlookMaria Chiara Magnano, Waqar Ahmed, Ran Wang, Martina Bergant Marušič, Stephen J. Fowler, Iain R. White, 2024, review article Abstract: The theoretical basis of eVOCs as biomarkers for respiratory disease diagnosis is described, followed by a review of the potential biomarkers that have been proposed as targets from in vitro studies. The utility of these targets is then discussed based on comparison with results from clinical breath studies. The current status of breath research is summarised for various diseases, with emphasis placed on quantitative and targeted studies. Potential for bias highlights several important concepts related to standardization, including practices adopted for compound identification, correction for background inspired VOC levels and computation of mixing ratios. The compiled results underline the need for targeted studies across different analytical platforms to understand how sampling and analytical factors impact eVOC quantification. The impact of environmental VOCs as confounders in breath analysis is discussed alongside the potential that eVOCs have as biomarkers of air pollution exposure and future perspectives on clinical breath sampling are provided. Keywords: breath analysis, disease diagnosis, exhaled volatile organic compounds, respiratory disease, environmental exposure analysis, breath analysis Published in RUNG: 06.05.2024; Views: 689; Downloads: 7
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183. The influence of polyphenolic compounds on anaerobic digestion of pepper processing waste during biogas and biomethane productionGregor Drago Zupančič, Anamarija Lončar, Jasmina Ranilović, Drago Šubarić, Mario Panjicko, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Pepper processing waste has the potential to be used as a substrate in the process of anaerobic digestion, but because of its high polyphenol content, certain limitations are expected. During the determination of the biodegradability of pepper samples, a biogas potential of 687 L/kg DM was observed, as well as a biomethane potential of 401 L/kg DM. While both the testing of biodegradability and the process in the pilot scale progressed, it was observed that total polyphenol content in both cases decreased. Also, as far as individual polyphenols during the process in the pilot scale are concerned, it can be observed that at the end of the process no procyanidin A2, epicatechin, myricetin, and quercetin were detected. The observed concentration of the ferulic acid on the last
day of the process was 0.09 μg/g. Finally, it can be concluded that the presence of polyphenols did
not significantly affect the biogas potential of pepper waste. Due to its relatively stable biogas production,
as far as biogas production on the pilot scale is concerned, it can be concluded that pepper
processing waste has the potential to be used as a substrate for biogas production. Keywords: anaerobic digestion, polyphenols, ferulic acid, procyanidins, epicatechin, myricetin, quercetin Published in RUNG: 06.05.2024; Views: 563; Downloads: 3
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185. Tuning the dynamic thermal parameters of nanocarbon ionanofluids : a photopyroelectric studyMohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Carmen Tripon, Alexandra Farcas, Dorin Dadarlat, Dorota Korte, Sankaranarayana Iyer Sankararaman, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: The present work delineates the tailoring of the thermal effusivity and diffusivity of the novel class of heat transfer fluids—ionanofluids—by the incorporation of nanocarbons like diesel soot (DS), camphor soot (CS), carbon nanotubes (CN), and graphene (GR). When the thermal diffusivity delivers information on the thermal energy propagation, the thermal effusivity concerns the energy exchange at the interface, enabling energy-efficient thermal system design. The nanocarbons are subjected to morphological characterisation by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic analyses confirm functional groups and vibrational bands. The microcrystalline size and graphiticity are also understood from the Raman spectrum. Ionanofluids prepared by dispersing nanocarbons into an ionic liquid base 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate (BMMS) are analysed by nondestructive photopyroelectric calorimetry (PPE). The PPE analysis of ionanofluids demonstrates that nanocarbons influence thermal parameters in the base fluid, with soot ionanofluids exhibiting increased thermal effusivity and diffusivity due to their various carbon allotropic composition. This study underscores the importance of selecting the appropriate carbon allotrope for tailoring ionanofluids’ thermal properties, providing insights into manipulating these properties for enhanced performance across various industrial applications. Keywords: photopyroelectric, ionanofluid, soot, graphene, thermal diffusivity Published in RUNG: 06.05.2024; Views: 609; Downloads: 4
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186. Načrtovanje in izgradnja spletne aplikacije za lokalizacijo polnilnic za električna vozila : diplomsko deloNikola Kurdumanović, 2024, undergraduate thesis Abstract: Z naraščajočo uporabo električne mobilnosti se povečuje potreba po učinkoviti polnilni infrastrukturi za električna vozila. V diplomskem delu raziskujemo področje vse večje uporabe spletnih in mobilnih aplikacij za lokalizacijo polnilnih postaj za električna vozila, in sicer tako v svetu kot v Sloveniji. Opisani so principi razvoja in implementacije tovrstnih spletnih aplikacij s poudarkom na uporabi različnih tehnologij, kot so: JavaScript, HTML (ang. HyperText Markup Language), CSS (ang. Cascading Style Sheets) in drugih za ustvarjanje funkcionalnih aplikacijskih komponent. Navdih za raziskavo izhaja iz zanimanja za sodobne tehnologije ob upoštevanju naraščajoče potrebe lastnikov električnih avtomobilov po zanesljivih informacijah o možnih lokacijah polnjenja. V okviru diplomskega dela smo v grobem načrtali in razvili prototip aplikacije, ki omogoča hiter dostop do potrebnih informacij o polnilnih postajah. Rezultati naše raziskave so nam omogočili uvid in boljše razumevanje sodobnih tehnologij ter njihove praktične uporabe. Keywords: diplomske naloge, električna mobilnost, polnilna infrastruktura, spletne aplikacije, tehnologije razvoja aplikacij, prototip aplikacije Published in RUNG: 26.04.2024; Views: 894; Downloads: 9
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187. Synthesis of helional by hydrodechlorination reaction in the presence of mono- and bimetallic catalysts supported on aluminaOreste Piccolo, Iztok Arčon, Das Gangadhar, Giuliana Aquilanti, Andrea Prai, Stefano Paganelli, Manuela Facchin, Valentina Beghetto, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Hydrodechlorination reaction of 3-(benzo-1,3-dioxol-5-yl)-3-chloro-2-methylacrylaldehyde in the presence of different low metal content heterogeneous mono- or bimetallic catalysts was tested for the synthesis of the fragrance Helional® (3-[3,4-methylendioxyphenyl]-2-methyl-propionaldehyde). In particular, mono Pd/Al2O3, Rh/Al2O3 or bimetallic Pd-Cu/Al2O3, Rh-Cu/Al2O3 catalysts were tested in different reaction conditions from which it emerged that mono-Rh/Al2O3 was the best performing catalyst, allowing achievement of 100% substrate conversion and 99% selectivity towards Helional® in 24 h at 80 °C, p(H2) 1.0 MPa in the presence of a base. To establish correlations between atomic structure and catalytic activity, catalysts were characterized by Cu, Rh and Pd K-edge XANES, EXAFS analysis. These characterizations allowed verification that the formation of Pd-Cu alloys and the presence of Cu oxide/hydroxide species on the surface of the Al2O3 support are responsible for the very low catalytic efficiency of bimetallic species tested. Keywords: selective hydrodechlorination, heterogeneous catalysis, XANES analysis, EXAFS analysis Published in RUNG: 25.04.2024; Views: 1037; Downloads: 5
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189. A method for quantification of mineral dust in air based on optical absorption of particles concentrated by a virtual impactor and a device performing the said method : SI3783336 (T1), 2024-02-29Luka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, Iasonas Stavroulas, Spiros Bezantakos, Michael Pikridas, Florin Unga, Jean Sciare, 2024, patent Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of devices and methods for measurement of particle concentration, more precisely to the field of devices and methods for quantification of particles based on their physical characteristics, especially with the use of optical means. The invention relates to a method for determination of ambient mineral dust concentration based on optical absorption of particles concentrated by a virtual impactor as well as a device performing the said method. The method comprises the following steps:- Sampling air samples with particle size smaller than 1 µm (PM1) and sampling air samples with particle size up to 10 µm;- Concentrating the samples with particle sizes up to 10 µm with a virtual impactor;- Measuring optical absorption of collected samples at least one wavelength from UV to IR spectre, preferably from 370 to 950 nm, most preferably at 370 nm;- Subtracting the absorption of the samples with particle size smaller than 1 µm from the absorption of the sample concentrated by the virtual impactor. Keywords: dust, black carbon, aerosols Published in RUNG: 24.04.2024; Views: 1261; Downloads: 5
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