51. Implementation of the EPBD in Slovenia – Status in 2020Marjana Šijanec Zavrl, Miha Tomšič, Henrik Gjerkeš, Erik Potočar, 2021, final research report Abstract: The Concerted Action EPBD (CA EPBD) addresses the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). It aims to contribute to the reduction of energy use in European buildings, through the exchange of knowledge and best practices in the field of energy efficiency and energy savings between all 28 EU Member States plus Norway.
The CA EPBD is a joint initiative between the EU Member States and the European Commission. It involves representatives of national ministries or their affiliated institutions who are in charge of preparing the technical, legal and administrative framework for the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive in each EU Member State, plus Norway. The objective is to enhance the sharing of information and experiences from national adoption and implementation of this important European legislation.
The transposition of the EPBD in Slovenia is the overall responsibility of the Ministry of Infrastructure and was primarily transposed by the Energy Act (EZ-1), covering the topics of NZEB, energy performance certification, inspection of heating and AC systems and energy efficiency information programmes. The Act on Energy Efficiency (ZURE) integrates the EZ-1 articles related to the EPBD.
The revision of the building codes (PURES) is still in progress and planned for publication in late 2021. It will contain detailed technical requirements for NZEB based on the technical definition given in the national NZEB action plan, and the revision of the calculation methodology according to a new set of CEN EPBD standards.
Important recent steps in EPBD implementation are the application of the central national electronic register of EPCs and associated software, the independent control system for EPCs, first steps in the cross-linking of e-registries for EPCs, inspections and public buildings, as well as wide information activities implemented by the Eco Fund concerning financial instruments available for the energy renovation of buildings. Keywords: Concerted Action, Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, Act on Energy Efficiency, Slovenia Published in RUNG: 02.11.2023; Views: 834; Downloads: 10 Link to file This document has many files! More... |
52. Ferrite-based magnets by high pressure consolidationCesár De Julián Fernández, Blaž Belec, Aleksander Učakar, Petra Jenuš, 2023, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: M-type hexaferrite magnets constitute together the rare-earth magnets the most employed magnets in the
world. Even if ferrite magnets have smaller energy product and lower magnetization saturation than rare-earth
permanent magnets (PMs), currently ferrite magnets represent the most widely used PMs, covering 80% of the
PM market production [1,2]. Recently, a strong effort is being performed to improve the magnetic properties
of ferrites with the scope of substituting partially rare-earth magnets. Most of the strategies involve the
nanostructuration of the ferrites and/or the development of hybrid compounds [3]. A bottleneck for the
production of these magnets is that standard sintering process requires high temperatures and oxidizing
atmosphere that produces the destruction of the nanostructure and several chemical changes. Different novel
strategies as out-of-equilibrium or cold sintering processes are mainly considered[2,4].
In our presentation we will show the production of dense ferrite-based magnets by high pressure multi-Anvil
press at low temperatures. This press applies quasi-isotropic pressures in the range up to 20 GPa and
temperatures up to 1200°C. We demonstrate that the consolidation of micrometric hexaferrite (SrFe12O19)
powders is possible at temperatures below 1000°C, below the standard sintering temperatures. In addition,
dense hybrid magnets were obtained composed of micrometric hexaferrites and soft high magnetization metal
Fe or FeCo NPs applying pressures up to 6 GPa and low temperatures (250°C). A deep study, including
structural, morphological and magnetic characterizations, has been performed to determine the influence of the
temperature and pressure consolidation conditions in the properties of these novel magnets. Magnetic
characterizations show that hybrid magnets exhibit larger magnetization than ferrites and single step hysteresis
loops. Single Point Detection characterizations indicate that the anisotropy field of the hybrid magnets is similar
to that of the ferrite magnets. These results suggest that the two moieties componing the high pressure
consolidated magnets have similar properties than the original micro and nano powders, but they are magnetic
coupled during the reversal process. High pressure consolidation appears as a promising technique to obtain
nano-based metal-oxide hybrid magnets with promising hard properties. Keywords: ferrite magnets, high pressure consolidation, low temperatures Published in RUNG: 19.10.2023; Views: 1020; Downloads: 5 Link to file This document has many files! More... |
53. AugerPrime surface detector electronicsA. Abdul Halim, Andrej Filipčič, Jon Paul Lundquist, Shima Ujjani Shivashankara, Samo Stanič, Serguei Vorobiov, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Operating since 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has led to major advances in our
understanding of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The latest findings have revealed new insights that led to the upgrade of the Observatory, with the primary goal of obtaining information on the primary mass of the most energetic cosmic rays on a shower-by-shower basis. In the framework of the upgrade, called AugerPrime, the 1660 water-Cherenkov detectors of the surface array are equipped with plastic scintillators and radio antennas, allowing us to enhance the composition sensitivity. To accommodate new detectors and to increase experimental capabilities, the electronics
is also upgraded. This includes better timing with up-to-date GPS receivers, higher sampling
frequency, increased dynamic range, and more powerful local processing of the data. In this paper, the design characteristics of the new electronics and the enhanced dynamic range will be described. The manufacturing and test processes will be outlined and the test results will be discussed. The calibration of the SD detector and various performance parameters obtained from the analysis of the first commissioning data will also be presented. Keywords: ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, Pierre Auger Observatory, AugerPrime detector upgrade, surface detector array, surface detector electronics Published in RUNG: 18.10.2023; Views: 972; Downloads: 5 Full text (2,07 MB) This document has many files! More... |
54. The Cherenkov Telescope Array. Science Goals and Current StatusRene A. Ong, Christopher Eckner, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Samo Stanič, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Gabrijela Zaharijas, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution (invited lecture) Abstract: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the major ground-based gamma-ray observatory planned for the next decade and beyond. Consisting of two large atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays (one in the southern hemisphere and one in the northern
hemisphere), CTA will have superior angular resolution, a much wider energy range, and
approximately an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity, as compared to existing instruments. The CTA science programme will be rich and diverse, covering cosmic particle acceleration, the astrophysics of extreme environments, and physics frontiers beyond the Standard Model. This paper outlines the science goals for CTA and covers the current status of the project. Keywords: very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy, Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), cosmic particle acceleration, astrophysics of extreme environments, physics beyond the Standard Model Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 779; Downloads: 7 Full text (3,28 MB) This document has many files! More... |
55. Ultrahigh-Energy multi-messengers at the Pierre Auger ObservatoryFrancisco Pedreira, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezec, Ahmed Saleh, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The study of correlations between observations of different messengers from extreme sources of the Universe has emerged as an outstanding way to make progress in astrophysics. The Pierre Auger Observatory is capable of significant contributions as an ultra-high energy particle detector, particularly through its capability to search for inclined showers produced by neutrinos. We describe the neutrino searches made with
the Observatory with particular emphasis on the recent results following the detections of
gravitational waves from binary mergers with Advanced LIGO and VIRGO, leading to competitive limits. Keywords: ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs), Pierre Auger Observatory, UHE neutrinos, multi-messenger astrophysics Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 1068; Downloads: 5 Full text (1,69 MB) This document has many files! More... |
56. Studies of the UHECR Mass Composition and Hadronic Interactions with the FD and SD of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryJ.M. Carceller, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Ahmed Saleh, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: With data on the depth of maximum Xmax collected during more than a decade of operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we report on the inferences on the mass composition of UHECRs in the energy range E = 10[sup]17.2 − 10[sup]19.6 eV and on the measurements of the proton-air cross section for energies up to 10[sup]18.5 eV. We also present the results on Xmax obtained using the information on the particle arrival times recorded by the SD stations allowing us to extend the Xmax measurements up to 10[sup]20 eV. The inferences on mass composition, in particular using the data of the SD, are subject to systematic uncertainties
due to uncertainties in the description of hadronic interactions at ultra-high energies. We
discuss this problem with respect to the properties of the muonic component of extensive
air-showers as derived from the SD data. Keywords: ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), extensive air showers (EAS), EAS muonic component, EAS electromagnetic component, Pierre Auger Observatory, UHECR mass composition, UHECR hadronic interactions Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 881; Downloads: 8 Full text (128,28 KB) This document has many files! More... |
57. Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum with the Pierre Auger ObservatoryDaniela Mockler, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Ahmed Saleh, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays above 3×10[sup]17 eV has been measured with unprecedented precision at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The flux of the cosmic rays is determined by four different measurements. The surface detector array provides three data sets, two formed by dividing the data into two zenith angle ranges, and one obtained from a nested, denser detector array. The fourth measurement is obtained with the fluorescence detector. By combining all four data sets, the all-sky flux of cosmic rays is determined. The spectral features are discussed in detail and systematic uncertainties are addressed. Keywords: ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), Pierre Auger Observatory, UHECR energy spectrum Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 871; Downloads: 6 Full text (1,66 MB) This document has many files! More... |
58. Status of the AugerPrime upgrade of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryNiraj Dhital, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Ahmed Saleh, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: The Pierre Auger Observatory has been very successful in determining many aspects of the highest-energy cosmic rays including, among others, the flux suppression at energies above
4 × 10[sup]19 eV, stringent upper limits on photon and neutrino fluxes at ultra-high energies and an unexpected evolution of the mass composition with energy.
We expect an extension of the frontiers of our knowledge on these aspects from a major
upgrade of the Observatory. The upgrade, known as AugerPrime, will include an addition
of a 4 sq. m Surface Scintillator Detector atop each water-Cherenkov station of the Surface
array. The new detectors will provide us with an unprecedented opportunity to perform
a complementary measurement of the shower particles and thus determine the primary
mass composition with good accuracy on an event-by-event basis. AugerPrime will also
include an upgrade of electronics, installation of the AMIGA Underground Muon Detector and a change of observation mode of the Fluorescence Detector, which will increase its current duty cycle by about 50%. Current status of the upgrade with the main focus on the Surface Scintillator Detectors will be presented, following a brief description of the physics motivation for the upgrade. Keywords: ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), Pierre Auger Observatory, AugerPrime upgrade Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 1237; Downloads: 5 Full text (2,05 MB) This document has many files! More... |
59. Results from the Pierre Auger ObservatoryEsteban Roulet, Andrej Filipčič, Gašper Kukec Mezek, Ahmed Saleh, Samo Stanič, Marta Trini, Serguei Vorobiov, Lili Yang, Danilo Zavrtanik, Marko Zavrtanik, Lukas Zehrer, 2019, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Some of the results on ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays that have been obtained with the Pierre Auger Observatory are presented. These include measurements of the spectrum, composition and anisotropies. Possible astrophysical scenarios that account for these results are discussed. Keywords: ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), Pierre Auger Observatory, UHECR energy spectrum, UHECR anisotropies, UHECR mass composition Published in RUNG: 11.10.2023; Views: 980; Downloads: 5 Full text (811,90 KB) This document has many files! More... |
60. Highlights from the Telescope Array ExperimentJ. Kim, Jon Paul Lundquist, 2023, published scientific conference contribution (invited lecture) Abstract: The Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. Together with the TA Low Energy Extension (TALE), TA×4, and TALE infill detector, the TA measures the properties of UHECR-induced extensive air showers (EAS) in the energy region from 10^15 eV to over 10^20 eV. Each of these uses a hybrid system with an array of scintillators to sample the footprint of the EAS at the Earth’s surface along with telescopes that measure the fluorescence and Cherenkov light from the EAS. The statistics at the highest energies are being enhanced with the TA×4 detector, half completed but still under construction, which will quadruple the surface detector area with telescopes. The TALE infill surface detectors were recently deployed to further lower the hybrid energy threshold of TALE. We present the status of the experiment and recent results on the energy spectrum, mass composition, and anisotropy, including new features in the energy spectrum at about 10^19.2 eV and in the UHECR arrival direction anisotropy. Keywords: Telescope Array, TALE, low energy extension, TAx4, indirect detection, hybrid detection, ground array, surface detection, fluorescence detection, cerenkov light, ultra-high energy, cosmic rays, energy spectrum, composition, anisotropy Published in RUNG: 10.10.2023; Views: 825; Downloads: 6 Full text (26,81 MB) This document has many files! More... |