1. Drought and temperature interaction on leaf hydraulic traits in grapevineElena Farolfi, Jan Reščič, Jacobs Spencer Harrison, Astrid Forneck, Jose Carlos Herrera, 2022, published scientific conference contribution abstract Abstract: Global warming and increased frequency and/or severity of drought events are among the most
threatening consequences of climate change for agricultural crops. Understanding the mechanisms of
plant responses to both stressors is pivotal to successfully implement management strategies. Here
we explored the effect of temperature on the development of grapevine leaves with particular focus
on hydraulic traits under well-watered and water deficit conditions. We grew grafted grapevine (Vitis
vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir) in two different greenhouse chambers (20/15°C vs 25/20°C day/night) and
monitored their gas exchange, leaf size, stomatal density, chlorophyll fluorescence, pressure-volume
(PV) curves, osmotic potential and petiole xylem anatomy. PV curves provided clear evidence that
both, temperature and water availability, strongly affected the turgor loss point (TLP) as well as the
connected physiological traits. Leaves developing at higher temperature exhibited a more conservative
behaviour characterised by a lower gs max and a tighter stomatal closure in response to drought. The
study further discusses the results considering the coordination of traits changing in tandem and
implications in the face of climate change.
Key message: The ambient temperature at which leaves develop impacts on its hydraulic traits and
therefore on their successive response to drought
Keywords: drought, temperature, grapevine, xylem
Published in RUNG: 05.07.2024; Views: 249; Downloads: 1
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2. Combined effects of early season leaf removal and climatic conditions on aroma precursors in ‘Sauvignon blanc’ grapesPaolo Sivilotti, Rachele FALCHI, Jose Carlos Herrera, Branka Škvarč, Lorena Butinar, Melita Sternad Lemut, Marijan Bubola, Paolo SABBATINI, Klemen Lisjak, Andreja Vanzo, 2017, original scientific article Abstract: Early leaf removal around the cluster zone is a common technique applied in cool climate viticulture, to regulate yield components and improve fruit quality. Despite the increasing amount of information on early leaf removal and its impact on total soluble solids, anthocyanins and polyphenols, less is known regarding aroma compounds. In order to verify the hypothesis that defoliation, applied before or after flowering, could impact the biosynthesis of thiol precursors, we performed a two year (2013 and 2014) experiment on Sauvignon blanc. We provided evidence that differential accumulation of thiols precursors in berries is affected by the timing of defoliation and this impact was related to modifications in biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, the possible interaction between leaf removal treatment and seasonal weather conditions, and its effect on the biosynthesis of volatile precursors are discussed. Our results suggested that in Sauvignon blanc the relative proportion of 4-S-glutathionyl-4-methylpentan-2-one (G-4MSP) and 3-S-glutathionylhexan-1-ol (G-3SH) precursors can be affected by defoliation, and this could be related to the induction of two specific genes encoding glutathione-S-transferases (VvGST3 and VvGST5), while no significant effects on basic fruit chemical parameters, polyphenols and methoxypyrazines were ascertained under our experimental conditions.
Keywords: early leaf removal, cluster exposure, thiol precursors, methoxypyrazines, glutathione S-transferase, Vitis vinifera
Published in RUNG: 31.08.2017; Views: 4628; Downloads: 0
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