1. Impact of high or low levels of phosphorus and high sodium in soils on productivity and stress tolerance of Arundo donax plantsClaudia Cocozza, Federico Brilli, Laura Miozzi, Sara Pignattelli, Silvia Rotunno, Cecilia Brunetti, Cristiana Giordano, Susanna Pollastri, Mauro Centritto, Gian Paolo Accotto, Roberto Tognetti, Francesco Loreto, 2019, original scientific article Abstract: The potential of Arundo donax to grow in degraded soils, characterized by excess of salinity (Na+), and phosphorus
deficiency (-P) or excess (+P) also coupled with salinity (+NaP), was investigated by combining in vivo
plant phenotyping, quantification of metabolites and ultrastructural imaging of leaves with a transcriptome-wide
screening. Photosynthesis and growth were impaired by+Na, -P and+NaP. While+Na caused stomatal
closure, enhanced biosynthesis of carotenoids, sucrose and isoprene and impaired anatomy of cell walls, +P
negatively affected starch production and isoprene emission, and damaged chloroplasts. Finally, +NaP largely
inhibited photosynthesis due to stomatal limitations, increased sugar content, induced/repressed a number of
genes 10 time higher with respect to+P and+Na, and caused appearance of numerous and large plastoglobules
and starch granules in chloroplasts. Our results show that A. donax is sensitive to unbalances of soil ion
content, despite activation of defensive mechanisms that enhance plant resilience, growth and biomass production
of A. donax under these conditions.
Keywords: Abiotic stress
Giant reed
Isoprene emission
Phosphorus
Salinity
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