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Fractal analysis - a surrogate technique for material characterization
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Sankararaman S, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: Fractal analysis has emerged as a potential analytical tool in almost all branches of science and technology. The paper is the first report of using fractal dimension as a surrogate technique for estimating particle size. A regression equation is set connecting the soot particle size and fractal dimension, after investigating the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) images of carbonaceous soot from five different sources. Since the fractal dimension is an invariant property under the scale transformation, an ordinary photograph of the soot should also yield the same fractal dimension. This enables one to determine the average size of the soot particles, using the regression equation, by calculating the fractal dimension from the photograph. Hence, instead of frequent measurement of average particle size from FESEM, this technique of estimating the particle size from the fractal dimension of the soot photograph, is found to be a potentially cost-effective and non-contact method.
Keywords: fractals, FESEM, carbon nanoparticles, particle size, box-counting
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1109; Downloads: 0
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3.
Ultraviolet Protection Action of Carbon Nanoparticles in Leaves
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have been explored widely in many fields of science and technology owing to its unique physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties. The interaction of the visible region of the electromagnetic radiation with plants and their role in photosynthesis is well studied. The antenna pigments in the protein matrix of thylakoid play a significant role in energy transport mechanism involved in photosynthesis. The energy absorbed by the proteins in the UV region also involves in the energy transport. The present work is aimed to understand the absorption of radiation by leaves in the ultraviolet (UV) region and the impact of CNPs produced by internal combustion diesel engines (ICE) in altering the absorbance level. The effect of CNPs is found to lower the UVabsorbance by leaves and thus acting as UV shield, protecting the leaves from cell damages. The characterization of the CNP and leaves is done by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and UV-visible spectrophotometer.
Keywords: Ultraviolet, Carbon nanoparticles, Photosynthesis, Internal combustion engine
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1052; Downloads: 0
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4.
Carbon Nanonecklaces with Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Dots
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Sankararaman S, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: Carbon nanoparticles (CNP) have gained significant attention representing unique carbon-based nanomaterials that find applications in various fields of science and technology. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon dots (CDs) have now been widely employed as an electrode in super capacitors, as fluorescent nanomaterials for imaging and for fuel cell applications. In the present work, we describe a simple, low cost and chemical free method of synthesizing stable CNPs aligned in the form of a chain popularly known as carbon necklace with CNTs and CDs. Carbon nanoparticles are synthesized by controlled combustion of camphor in a single step flame process. The CNPs synthesized are characterized using X-ray Powder diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X ray diffraction (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible absorption and Photoluminescent (PL) Spectroscopy. The morphology and size of the CNPs are examined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) which shows ‘necklace’ structure. The CNPs are collected at two different heights and the particles formed are found in the range 30 to 60 nm. The UV- Visible and PL Spectra of the CNPs obtained show the presence CDs. The Raman Spectroscopic and XRD analysis indicate the presence of CNTs in the sample.
Keywords: Carbon nanoparticles, Combustion, Carbon nanotubes, Carbon dots, Carbon necklaces
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1108; Downloads: 0
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5.
Investigation of graphene oxide in diesel soot
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, Sankararaman S, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: Graphene has emerged as a potential material in various scientific disciplines, ranging from material science, engineering, and more recently biomedicine. The paper describes the investigation of the presence of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) in the carbon soot of internal combustion diesel engines. The UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X- ray diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescent (PL) and Raman spectroscopic analysis of the sample provided a conclusive evidence of the formation of graphene and GO. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDX) of the sample show carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) of size less than 50nm. The High -Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) analysis confirmed the formation of graphene sheets with carbon nanospheres attached to it. The study reveals the possible exploitation of the diesel soot for potential applications in science and technology
Keywords: Graphene, Graphene oxide, Carbon nanoparticles, Combustion, Carbon nanotube
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 1148; Downloads: 0
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6.
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nano Kajal
Mohanachandran Nair Sindhu Swapna, 2017, short scientific article

Abstract: Carbon nanoparticles are of considerable interest today because of their unique physical and biological properties. There are several methods of preparation of Carbon Nanoparticles (CNP) with high efficacy and low toxicity. In this paper we describe a simple low cost synthesis of carbon nanoparticle. We present a simple method for the synthesis of carbon nanoparticles from the controlled combustion of coconut oil and ghee. The antibacterial property of CNP enables its use in kajals. The FESEM image of the sample prepared exhibit carbon nanoparticles of size less than 50nm
Keywords: Kajal, carbon nanoparticles, soot
Published in RUNG: 30.06.2022; Views: 969; Downloads: 0
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