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1.
Strategy for rural heritage regeneration in China : integrating community and government in governance: a case study of traditional villages in Luoning county :
Wendi Wang, 2024, doctoral dissertation

Abstract: The Chinese countryside has long been associated with cultural continuity, albeit in contradictory ways. It has been marginalized for several decades, while all development efforts have focused on urbanization. However, as the tensions and paradoxes of modern urban life become increasingly obvious, the countryside is once again recognized as an enduring symbol of authentic national values. Chinese traditional cultural heritage is rooted in Chinese traditional villages. In fact, being built before the coming of the Republic of China, those villages nowadays still possess a great deal of very important material and immaterial forms of cultural heritage, as a historical record of the Chinese nation development. Through the examination and study of traditional villages in Luoning, and the perspective of theories of architectural conservation theory, community co-construction, and private-public partnership, the dissertation proposes a hybrid county governance model to maximize the stakeholder's functions roles, and operational procedures in the preservation and development of the traditional villages. Thus, through the integration of three stability perspectives—cultural, economic, and social —the dissertation provides the government's optimization strategy for heritage preservation. In the first case study, the governance of Zhangzhuang's traditional village is examined. The village's residents share responsibility for one another and are frequently connected by strong family ties and regular community organization in decision-making. Unfortunately, this thriving community-led government is insufficiently prepared to deal with the expanding tourism industry, it fails when it comes to overarching development objectives, and it lacks substantial experience in the preservation of historic structures. The Second case study investigates the government-led traditional types of villages. These are characterized by low public and community participation, and underdeveloped commodity economies, but being usually of outstanding importance, they result rich in traditional material and intangible cultural resources and have great potential for developing a tourism sector. Government-led efforts to reactivate the development of these villages have the advantages of credibility and authority, preferential policy formulation, and government short-term funding. However, these villages face severe problems in terms of community involvement, complementary market economies, and insufficient long-term government funding. This condition is investigated in the second case of the government's conception and promotion of the "Hou Shangzhuang Village Traditional Village Restoration" project. Despite some initial success, the project came to a standstill due to the competing interests of businesses, the government, and the community. The third case study looks into traditional villages where the primary development component is driven by businesses, creating conditions for the growth of a market economy. The analysis demonstrates that enterprise investments benefit from complementary capital input, resource integration, and effective management. However, the issue of uneven income and benefit distribution, as well as excessive consumption of public resources, pose a serious threat to both: the authenticity and integrity of cultural heritage, as well as the fair and sustainable development of local communities. This situation is examined in the case study of Qianhe Village, where the tourism industry has grown through multiple investment operations by private enterprises. The dissertation examines diverse hybrid governance models for each of these three different cultural, social, and economic heritage contexts. In specific it points to the role of government to efficiently design, validate, and promote responsive solutions for the resilience of cultural heritage of traditional villages in China.
Keywords: Heritage, Traditional Chinese village preservation, planning and management, Government, Governance, Participation, Community Co-construction
Published in RUNG: 11.03.2024; Views: 1539; Downloads: 27
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2.
Dynamic route map generation scheme for mobiles : M-governance application framework for tourism & travel in Delhi, India
Rajan Gupta, Sunil K. Muttoo, Saibal K. Pal, 2016, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Easiness of public & tourist's travel within a city is an important task for central and State Government. They have to access a combination of public transport options like metros, trams, buses and private options like cabs services and hired vehicles. Delhi, being the capital city of India, enjoys the usage of public transport by millions of travelers. Currently all route information on mobile applications (be it public or private) are static in nature which does not recommend any route to follow. This paper proposes such an application where travelling gets easier based on real time route map generation for using public transport like Bus and Metro services. The client-server based 3-tier architecture has been used for the mobile application designing. The application scores high on ease of travelling and customization of the routes through recommendations as compared to static application.
Keywords: M-governance, dynamic route map, Delhi tourism, public transport system, mobile application framework
Published in RUNG: 16.07.2021; Views: 3014; Downloads: 151
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3.
Analysing security checkpoints for an integrated utility-based information system
Sunil K. Muttoo, Rajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, 2016, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: With the rising digital medium, the various digital applications are rising too. These applications can work in the private domain or public domain depending upon the environment and features. Of late, the public infrastructure in India is improving and thus digitisation of the services and processes are making it better for the government to function. Lots of new services and applications are planned through desktop-and mobile-based information systems. But any information system requires a good security cover for it to function correctly and efficiently. One such new system was proposed for integrating the various utility systems in Delhi, NCR, for which various security checkpoints are discussed in this paper. These are related to database security, network security, cryptography, and the user authentication process. These checkpoints will be helpful in making the newly proposed information system more secure and will also be helpful in analysing the need and scope of new security features in it. Security concerns are analysed at different levels of the information system and suggestions are made for the system which can be implemented in the currently proposed system. These suggestions can also be used in other similar systems as well as for improving and enhancing security at various levels.
Keywords: information systems, integrated utility system, database security, network security, data security, information system security, e-governance
Published in RUNG: 15.07.2021; Views: 2860; Downloads: 11
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4.
Measuring data quality across open government datasets
Rajan Gupta, Sushmita Yadav, Avinash Prasad, Saibal K. Pal, 2019, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Data Quality has become the base for any analytical operation or modelling. Poor Quality of data can lead to poor analytical modeling, which in turn can lead to poor decision making and predictions, which can finally impact the revenue and working of an organization. This is true for both public and private sector organizations. With rise in E-Governance, lot of nations and their respective public sector units are making use of publicly available datasets. But are these datasets reliable and have good quality. This is the major research question studied in this paper. The study collected publicly available datasets from Open Government Data platforms across 8 different nations around the world. More than 300 datasets having roughly 3.5 million rows were assessed for various data quality measures. The various parameters studied for the data were valid data types, correctness, completeness, statistical features, variability, comparability, duplicacy and the likes. Script was written in R to check the value for various measures. It was found that different countries had advantages on different parameters. Not one country was found to have all the parameters to be of high quality. Different ranges were found for the dataset for various parameters which was helpful in determining the overall quality of the dataset. This will be helpful for various public and private sector organizations in assessing the quality of datasets they intend to work on. Substantial efforts and resources can be saved on Advanced Analytics if the quality of dataset can be determined in advance. The proposed data quality assessment model can be applied on any private or public dataset. Different industry and organizations can set different threshold values for the parameters to benchmark their analytical process. Both practitioners and researchers can be benefitted from this research work.
Keywords: data quality assessment, open government datasets, e-governance, data quality measures
Published in RUNG: 05.04.2021; Views: 2871; Downloads: 0
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5.
Proposed framework for information systems security for e-governance in developing nations : assessment and way ahead for key components
Rajan Gupta, Sunil K. Muttoo, Saibal K. Pal, 2017, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: E-Governance is rising rapidly in various parts of the world. And with rising digitization of the resources, the threats to the infrastructure and digital data is also rising within the government departments. For developed nations, the security parameters and optimization process is well placed but for developing nations like India, the security parameter is yet to be addressed strongly. This study proposes a framework for security assessment amongst E-Governance departments based on Information System principles. The major areas of security to be covered up are towards Hardware, Network, Software, Server, & Data security, Physical Environment Security, and various policies for security of Information Systems at organizational level.
Keywords: e-governance, information systems security, developing nations, security framework
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 2708; Downloads: 63
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6.
Development of e-governance in an emerging economy like India : assessment and way ahead for key components
Rajan Gupta, Sunil K. Muttoo, Saibal K. Pal, 2017, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: In this paper, we describe the key research questions handled during the doctoral work done in the area of E-Governance. The five research questions in the study are related to the concepts like Development of E-Governance & its assessment, Infrastructure management to reach out to maximum citizens, Various types of Security concerns faced during the E-Governance Development, Analyzing the E-Governance transaction pattern to capture citizen's interest, and finally the way ahead for the E-Governance development through the route of efficiency and optimization in the service designing. The methodology adopted and results obtained for various research questions are discussed at high level. Some portion of the current work is still in progress.
Keywords: e-governance, location allocation, common service centers, intrusion detection system, security, analytics
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 2767; Downloads: 58
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7.
The need of a development assessment index for e-governance in India
Rajan Gupta, Sunil K. Muttoo, Saibal K. Pal, 2017, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to discuss and argue on the need of an assessment framework for the development of E-Governance services & practices in various states of India. This can be used to compare the states against each other so as to evaluate their status as per the national & international standards. The study is exploratory in nature as it develops arguments over an Index based on combination of theory, past literature and international reports w.r.t. E-Governance services and associated available infrastructure. It considers research papers from 2000-2015 and major reports on E-Governance after 2006. The need to develop an index based on different parameters is identified. The major areas to be covered up in the development index are online availability and performance of E-Governance service, telecommunication infrastructure, human capital, infrastructure availability and electronic participation by the citizens. Other areas are security and ease of access of the services. Development Index formulation will suggest that the development status for various Indian states, w.r.t. E-Governance, is based on lot of factors like the geographical location, demographic distribution, quality of human resources, and infrastructure present. A state merely having large number of E-Governance services does not become an automatic choice of best state for E-Governance development in the country. The state should be able to justify the overall development rather than being beneficial to just a small section of its population. Indian national E-Governance plan needs to assess the weak zones of the country so as to take initiatives to upgrade them and bid for overall higher ranking in the E-Governance Development Index of United Nations. There is no overall quantitative assessment framework available for E-Governance development in India as of now. So this research is novel with respect to E-Governance development and its assessment.
Keywords: e-governance, national e-governance plan, e-governance development, Indian states assessment policy
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 2667; Downloads: 52
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8.
Impact of Social Media on E-Participation of Citizens towards E-Governance Services in Developing Nations like India
Rajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, 2019, published scientific conference contribution abstract

Abstract: The governments from all around the world are using social media as a platform to engage with the citizens to inform and encourage about the usage of various government services and E-Government portals, as it is fast and cost effective mode reaching to a wide segment of citizens. India, a developing country has also witnessed a rapid rise in social media users over the past few years and therefore the current research study assesses the usage of social media by government departments and their impact on the performance of E-Governance in the country. For this purpose, this study has conducted an exploratory data analysis to assess the impact of various government departments’ number of followers on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter on number of electronic transactions, using the statistical techniques of trend lines, regression and correlation. It was found that social media and E-transactions are positively correlated to each other up to a moderate extent, and the former significantly affects the latter. The study also suggests the government to use social media as a medium to promote government services and recommends future research works to conduct an extensive study by including other parameters such as the level of interaction between government and citizens on social platform to better understand the concept. This study will be useful for government departments, social media management companies, and various other stakeholders in E-Governance.
Keywords: E-Governance, E-Participation, Social Media, Citizen Engagement, E-TAAL
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 2867; Downloads: 0
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9.
Data Analytics based Techniques for Improvement of E-Governance in Developing Nations
Rajan Gupta, 2019, unpublished conference contribution

Abstract: United Nation’s E-Governance Development Index is a development assessment index for all the nations around on the E-Governance front. Every country is ranked on the basis of a quantitative parameter derived out of few important components. But such development assessment index is missing at regional level in a country so that regional development can be assessed and work can be monitored. Few countries have local assessment models but are not exhaustive enough which can be used for development assessment and further development plan formation. Therefore, there is a need for this study to develop such assessment framework and develop approaches to have a meaningful contribution in improvement of E-Governance in the country at regional level. After the assessment of the regions on the development front of E-Governance, the improvement techniques must be defined for the weak parameters, so that regional development can be enhanced. For the experiment purpose, India has been chosen as the experiment country for which datasets has been used from Indian E-Governance transactions. This problem is important to be addressed because an overall quantitative measure of E-Governance development of the country will help in improving overall E-Governance rankings at world level, attract better investors, and will help the government to prepare a more inclusive plan on the development front. Most of the studies in literature are citizen centric and thus are not fit for development assessment. The current study has not only developed a framework but has also analyzed various components related to it in detail and suggested the way ahead for E-Governance in the country
Keywords: E-Governance, Development Assessment, Location Allocation, Intrusion Detection
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 3152; Downloads: 0
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10.
Algorithmic Government for the New Intelligent India
Rajan Gupta, Saibal K. Pal, 2020, unpublished conference contribution

Abstract: Algorithmic Government or Government by Algorithm is an emerging concept introduced around the world. It involves the usage of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence for automation of decision-making by the Government for various services and processes. In some nations, even digitization of governance has not happened, while machines are ready to make decisions on behalf of humans in others. On one hand, many governments struggle to score high on E-Governance Development Index by the United Nations, while on the other hand, some countries are even approving the electoral candidature of AI bots. This brings us to understand how automated decision making is taking place worldwide and how countries can think about achieving it. This research work has three essential things to offer – Introduction to Algorithmic Government, various Algorithmic Government applications, and potential use-cases of Algorithmic Government in India. India is moving towards a new age with the Technology revolution and massive digitization level, so implementing an Algorithmic Government would be apt under different Ministries and schemes. This study would benefit the Government departments, Administrative persons, Technology Enthusiasts, Researchers, Policymakers, Academicians, and Students.
Keywords: Algorithmic Government, Algorithmic Governance, Artificial Intelligence, E-Governance
Published in RUNG: 02.04.2021; Views: 3163; Downloads: 0
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